Remarkable, stunning, deeply moving. This book packs in all the heartbreak and hope of South Africa as it neared the end of apartheid, and shows it from such a deeply personal perspective that you really 'know' what it would be like to live on the margins of society and the terrible choices you'd have to make. This book will stick with me forever.
I realize that there are books about apartheid -- fiction, memoir and history -- that deal with the issues more bluntly and with more terror and sadness. I get it that this book is only one slice of what life would have been like in the 1970s and 1980s. But it's so compellingly real and so remarkably astute about how we come to crossroads decisions in our lives that I feel as if lived it myself. (Lived it from my comfortable US suburbia.)
The story is told by a young man, Will, about his parents' relationship, his father's long affair, and the coming of age of Will and his sister 'Baby'. All of it is set against the forces of apartheid and the ways that it particularly affects his 'colored' class family. For a while, they settle reasonably comfortably and take pride in their status and contribution to society. But just as the racist illogic of apartheid was untenable, so too are the lies you must tell yourself and the limitations you are told to accept. You can either allow it to kill you (metaphorically), or you can fight it even if it means you might be killed (for real).
Will's parents are 'colored,' rather than 'black.' This gives them privileges unavailable to the larger population of descendants of the Africans who lived there for millennia. Will's father, Sonny, is a brilliant teacher, who loves Shakespeare (thus the name Will for his son), and becomes a school teacher, an achievement that fills his villager relatives with pride. Sonny's family lives on the outskirts of Johannesburg, in an area reserved for coloreds, in a shack that passed for standard housing in the area. Sonny's wife Aila is beautiful, regal, quiet and reserved. Both she and Sonny prioritize dignity, particularly given the limits placed on their lives. They always look great, talk properly, and do the right thing. They are respected in their colored community as people to whom others can turn to for advice and help -- achingly, in conditions such as women who come to Sonny to ask him to get their husbands to stop beating them.
At some point, however, Sonny decides to support his students when they want to protest against bad conditions they face. His ability to speak to the students and also to an assembly brings him greater renown within the community. And this brings him to the attention of groups that are protesting apartheid. At this time, these groups are basically outlawed, with only the most benign types of requests allowed. Sonny had been content to be on the mild side, such as asking White members of social clubs to donate old clothes and books for colored kids.
But he gradually becomes radicalized and becomes a quiet, respected leader of the opposition. He's fired as a schoolteacher, and he goes to more and more clandestine meetings. Eventually, he's arrested, convicted, and held in jail for about two years. He comes out a changed man, harder in his commitment and distanced from his family. He's still the same Sonny, but a different side of him has emerged, the side that's a natural leader, a person who uses his commitment to the greater good on a grander scale than previously.
Unfortunately -- or maybe not -- a White woman from a Western human rights group has been assigned to be a monitor of his trial and detention. She (Hannah) becomes infatuated with Sonny, and they become comrades in the fight for equality and then lovers. Quickly, Sonny's son Will finds out, and his teenage anger drives a wedge between him and his father. And Will senses fairly early that his sister and mother have discovered the truth as well, though none of them speak of it.
Over the next several years, Sonny spends more time with his lover, and he loses touch with the daily life of his family as his son matures through high school, his daughter leaves to join the violent resistance from another country, and his wife takes her own path. In the end, the family has splintered, even as the country as started to dismantle the worst of its oppressive system on the way to the democracy we know today (which governs what is still a deeply flawed and unequal economy).
So, all of the above is told by Will as the first novel he's written. It's more of a diary, as he says it's not a novel he can publish; he's no spill-the-crap memoirist. And he admits late in the story that he's had to imagine and make up huge parts of it, as he has no idea what he father and Hannah said to each other, or how they held each other, or how they made love. He's just guessing. And he guesses about his parents passions as well -- and while that might seem ridiculous, you can remember that he was raised in a house without any privacy, and it's likely he knows more than a typical American kids knows about his parents.
Will is angry at his father for the affair. But he's also ashamed of himself for fantasizing about White women. Hannah is a natural blond with pale skin reddened by the heat of Johannesburg and the dust of the city. She's freckled, and somewhat overweight. She dresses poorly, a ragtag agglomeration of hippie clothing representing cultures she admires but is not a part of. In contrast, Aila (Will's mother) is elegant, tall, perfectly tailored. She has beautiful long hair, in contrast to Hannah's frizzy mop. Even Hannah's arresting blue eyes are described as small, and therefore inferior to the large, deep brown of Aila's. It's a wonderful subversion that everything about Aila physically is more alluring than Hannah, except that Hannah is White. And as another subversion, Hannah is imagined by Will as much more sexually willing than his rather shy mother.
Sonny is wracked with guilt because he is at heart a good man. Will makes the case, indirectly, that Sonny would be best off with two wives, as each woman brings out the best in him. Aila brings out his care for his community, his love of family. Hannah brings out his brains and his commitment, and she awakens in him a sensuality he hadn't even dared to imagine. There's one scene when both woman are at a party with Sonny where he's due to make speech, and he realizes that he drives strength from both of them; that their presence together makes him stronger than being with only one or the other.
But Sonny isn't going to push for the unusual situation of having both women together. That's tough enough in any society, and it would have been impossible in that one. It would have been fatal. So he maintains his fictions and manages as best he can.
Because it's South Africa at a time of turmoil, managing the best you can doesn't guarantee safety or happiness. As noted previously, Sonny has been arrested and jailed. He has moved his family into an Afrikaner neighborhood -- a middle-class area -- where he's officially not allowed. But the test of the restrictions goes reasonably well because his wife is so elegant, and his kids are so well behaved. But eventually, everything unravels. Baby goes through a flirtatious teenage period, smoking dope and presumably hooking up with lots of guys. She drops out of college and eventually joins a group that believes that violence is needed to speed up the overthrow of apartheid. In other words, that her father's way isn't enough. Sonny and Aila are actually proud of her, though scared. They don't see it as a repudiation of Sonny's more gradualist approach -- an approach which has had a lot of successes, and which is hardly timid, as he's led walkouts and strikes, and he has barely escaped being shot in a riot. They see it as her choice as a mature woman.
But anyway, her actions lead to Aila's arrest on terrorism charges more serious than those leveled at Sonny a few years before. And that arrest breaks up the family unit permanently -- another testament to apartheid.
It's a dramatic story, and the nuances are beautifully spelled out. It's one logical decision after another, or maybe emotional decision. They have consequences, and they are weighed carefully before being taken. But they are inevitable if we are to live a life we can be proud of.
If I had to find something to criticize in the book, it's the framework that it's told through Will's eyes. He acts like an omniscient narrator, but then he admits he's not. This makes for awkward phrasing at times that is hard to follow and requires rereading passages (not the worst thing in the world, by the way). The format is helpful in giving the view of his anger, of the impact of political and personal and sexual decisions made by his father on him, and how he and his mother deal with the consequences. It brings home how the political truly is personal. But it also therefore keeps the actual politics at a distance, since Will is not actually involved in the protests, the meetings, or the personal affairs. He's acted upon, not the actor -- and I guess that's the point as well.
This book has so many layers that it's worthy of multiple reads and should be part of any serious book group's reading list. Whether it's the political-is-personal, or the portrayal of the two women, or the radicalization of people any why, or how different classes were treated in South Africa, or how a funeral can turn into a riot, or life with dignity in a shack, or living in a land of fear and hatred --- well, it's all there.