There is great praise for Wetlands out there, and very legitimate criticism, but the most-liked negative reviews on GoodReads all read as purposely reductive, and in some cases, unwittingly offensive.
Authors can use immature, unreliable narrators to make their point, and Roche does. The gap between readers’ expectations of a female eighteen-year-old and the character presented by the novel partially illustrates why a book like this is feminist. The “common sense” adage that girls mature faster than boys, which creates expectations that young women behave themselves as little adults while “boys will be boys,” can rob girls of the opportunity to experience their own bodies and development. As soon as they begin to develop secondary sex characteristics, female bodies become a subject of control, fear and shame, and to a greater degree than their male counterparts, girls are forced to distance their sense of identity from the reality of their physical flesh because of how it may make other people feel. Society, represented in Wetlands by Helen’s hygiene-obsessed mother, does not condone women or girls loving or representing their bodies as they are versus how they are made desirable or sterile. Shave your legs. Wear perfume. Buy bras and tampons.
Helen says no: society won’t make her afraid of her own menstrual blood. Whether it is a mature, high-minded, paradigm-shifting rebellion to commit tiny acts of hygiene-terrorism with menstrual blood and pubic hair doesn’t denigrate that it is meant as rebellion in spirit by our troubled young narrator. As is the writing of this book. Perhaps more so than the gross-out passages that describe drinking vomit and genital contact with public toilets, it’s a shock that despite the fact that Helen is proudly unwashed—purposely working semen under her fingernails, wearing exclusively stained underwear, showing off her hemorrhoids to lovers—she still is allowed to enjoy sex, and with multiple partners. Her sexuality isn’t dependent on a sanitized, “pure” presentation of her body for the enjoyment of a male gaze, and she is deliciously free of anxiety or shame when it comes to her experience of sex.
Roche is not implying, as some reviewers are degrading the central message to, that you need to eat your own smegma to be liberated or feminist. But you do need to allow young women to explore their bodies without disgust. The quintessential Helen-as-feminist moment may be her experimentation with the natural variations in her vaginal secretions. “The consistency varies a lot,” she explains during a taste test of her own genitals on route to what she expects to be a casual sexual encounter with an older stranger. “Sometimes it’s like cottage cheese, other times like olive oil. […] Lots of guys prefer cottage cheese. You wouldn’t think so. But it’s true. I always ask in advance.”
Is it true? Who among us knows? Do we ask? Do we even know our bodies well enough to know what to ask?
Helen is immature. Helen is unreliable, admitting herself she suffers from drug-induced amnesia and delusional panics in which she fabricates the smell of gas and the death of her family—I have my doubts, for these reasons, that the conclusion of the novel happens anything like she says it does. But Helen should be allowed to exist without being forced into a one-dimensional idea of what a “good” feminist looks or sounds like. An eighteen-year-old girl can espouse contradictory beliefs. She can be a gutter punk queen, an unapologetic picture of anarchic freedom, and a pathetically lonely child, self-mutilating to get her parents’ attention. At least she experiences herself and her body the way that she is rather than as something inherently repulsive in its natural state.
Roche has partially explained her motivation in writing Wetlands as jealousy: “men have this whole range of different names for their sexual organs, beautifully detailing what state of arousal they’re in, while us women still don’t really have a language for our lust.” This statement has been picked apart—in more scholarly reviews—as, already, an outdated blast-from-the-past. It’s true that the author, like her narrator, is not extensively, obviously informed by a deep reading of feminist history and theory. But there’s something hideously regressive in making that a requirement to join the conversation. To either dismiss the book because it’s “not as shocking as the hype”, or to stamp a “been there, done that” on the cover because the core idea of it has been typed out before only makes it more difficult to represent women’s stories as stories, plain and simple, and not a purely academic or marginal sub-genre of art and fiction dealing with narrow issues only of interest to a few. That kind of thinking is exactly what keeps women’s fiction corralled in its corner of the book store, and “feminism” a dirty word our young female celebrities won’t touch with a ten-foot pole.
The attitude that these kinds of narratives about female sexuality are already blasé, paradoxically, de-normalizes the subject, and it implies a counter-productive competition rather than collaboration between female artists. Helen doesn’t need to be the first female character to masturbate on the page, and Roche doesn’t need to have invented the idea of renaming individual sexual organs with something more personal than the medical terms clitoris and labia (snail’s tails and ladyfingers). These ideas still aren’t in the mainstream to the extent that their male counterparts are. Pointing out they’ve been done before, when they’re still not done very often outside of critically-marginalized erotica, and using that as justification to stop listening, keeps it that way.