This book represents the first recent attempt to provide a comprehensive treatment of Sweden's economic development since the middle of the 18th century. It traces the rapid industrialisation, the political currents and the social ambitions, that transformed Sweden from a backward agrarian economy into what is now regarded by many as a model welfare state.
This is, as the title suggests, an economic history of Sweden from 18th century to the end of 1990s. This is the abridged translation of a Swedish book that had more info on medieval and pre-industrial revolution Sweden. The book is written for the general public, and the author also discusses the concepts, like agricultural or industrial revolution and not only their applications to the country.
The book starts with a quote from Maltus, who describes in 1799 the poverty of Swedes compared with rich Norway. Then the author spends the whole chapter describing initial conditions and agricultural (r)evolution, which doubled the output from 1700 to 1850. The problems with regard to causes for an industrial revolution are raised and discussed. The author is great in showing that there is no definite ‘truth’ about what causes the growth. There is an astute observation that the decision to abandon attempts of keeping the great power status actually helped ordinary swedes by lowering taxes.
The book shows how Sweden progressed from Laissez-faire to welfare state. It is interesting to note that: - Up to 1960s tax burned in Sweden was lower than average in developed nations - The employees and employers (via their representatives, the trade union LO and the employers association) managed from 1938 onward to reach an agreement, according to which workers recognized the need for profits and economic growth for maybe smaller but regular wage increases. They also valued higher employment levels more than wage increases - Even at height of state interventions, the state owned only about 10% of GDP generating assets. - Despite quite equable income distribution there is a lot of talk about ‘fifteen families’, which control the country, the most powerful of them – owners of SEB bank - The failure of Swedish way in 1970s-1990s the author links to the third industrial revolution and movement from industry to services An interesting overview with lots of cited literature for further studies. At the same time, there are some ‘holes’, which are probably due to the fact that the initial Swedish version was for locals, who are aware of many subjects from country’s geography to particulars of housing distribution.
Boken är väldigt välskriven och det märks att Magnusson brinner för sitt ämne. Det är absolut inget hafsverk och språket är mycket bra. Men det ligger en brist i att inte kunna ta ner det till läsarens nivå (eller min nivå i alla fall). Visa avsnitt är alldeles för långa (18 sidor till nästa rubrik) och många komplicerade uttryck används utan förklaring.
De första kapitlen är mycket tunga att läsa. Liknar mer en uppsats än en lärobok, många och långa diskussioner om olika källor och beräkningar. I vissa områden börjar författaren med kritik och jämför sedan alternativa teorier, utan att först presentera den enligt honom förhärskande syn han kritiserar. Det är knappast rimligt för en bok som ska introducera ett ämne. Det är som att det ibland förutsätts att läsaren redan läst andra källor kring Sveriges historia.
Men låt inte detta förta bokens styrkor. Rekommenderas starkt för den som redan är insatt i Sveriges historia, men också vill lära sig den ekonomiska sidan. Den som är mindre beläst ska nog välja en lättare källa, eller läsa på lite om historian i största allmänhet först.