"Why do the Nazis get so much pleasure torturing us?
Maybe the question should be why do people generally get pleasure torturing others?"
There are countless stories of WW2. From the political perspective to the perspective of those who actually had to go through that hell. So I'm not going to go into the horrors of the war. It's something that you should know by now yet sadly looking at the amount of hate going on today, it seems like we haven't learned anything. I mean we had horrors like the holocaust and yet still there exists antisemitism.
Why?
Have we learned nothing?
This book was written by a German author, David Chotjewitz. Translated by Doris Orgel, the books intention was towards children and young adults. To teach them not the horrors of the holocaust but of how such a thing even came to be. How people allowed something like this to happen. I argue, however, that this is a books that needs to be read by adults and youth alike. It's not out of respect but because clearly, we all slept through our history lessons. This review will be a bit different. I will talk about the book but dispersed throughout the review will be quotes from the book. Quotes we really need to reflect on if we are to avoid the past and prove historians wrong.
The book focuses mainly on the life of David, a boy who is half Jewish from his mother's side. However, he is unaware of this (until a certain point) choosing to get into all kinds of scraps with his friend Armin Hillmann. David and Armin are excited by all the ruckus going on. Germany is sunken by the loss of WW1. This mixed with all the political turmoil going on has the country split. Those who support the Nazis and those who don't (red fronts). Being young and not understanding the meaning behind the words they say, both boys go around painting swastikas and should vulgar slurs. One day they get caught and while spending the night in the jail cell they decide to cement their friendship. Cutting skin to create and everlasting 'blood bothers" bond.
"One time they caught a frog, and Uli poked it with a stick. Daniel found a stick too and started poking. The boys kept on till the frog was half dead. Had they enjoyed it? It was interesting, watching a helpless creature react to inflicted suffering. But when the frog stopped moving, it got boring. Still, they kept on. Because they got mad at the frog. They wanted their fun, and it just sat there, as though dead. That's why they kept jabbing it. "I did that? Disgusting, Daniel thought." It's a zoological experiment, Uli had said. Bullshit! Torture is what it was. All right, but what did that explain? They were just children then and hadn't tortured any human. Just a frog."
Daniel's family life was better then most. His father is a successful lawyer and served well in the first WW. Because of this, the family both lives well and is respected. His father has a cross given to him for his bravery in the army. This cross is something he holds dearly. It's both is pride and demise. It pushed him. Makes him believe in his ability to protect and support his family. Makes him proud to be German and makes him determined to never run away. To never act like a coward. For to be a coward results only in a bullet to your back.
"They sounded disconcerted by the sudden outbreak of the violence. Some hinted that it was senseless, wasteful. But everyone spoke very guardedly. And these people all know but don't trust, one another."
Daniel's mother is one who is astutely German. She refuses to be anything else. Denying everything until the law makes her acknowledge her Jewish heritage. Afterwards, she becomes anxious. Worried. Stressed beyond belief. She worries for her niece and brother who are not protected as she is because she's married to a "fully German" man. As conditions worsen she implores her husband to either divorce her in order to protect him and his law office or to have the entire family emigrate elsewhere. Her husbands stubborn refusal to do either eventually breaks her. Anxiety spills out of her and she ends up hating and distrusting everyone.
"Whatever happens, the main thing is that your desk will stay in perfect order! That is your sad philosophy of life."
"Reason is our highest good. It's important that we hold on to our reason, even when we're facing inhumanity."
Armin is David's best friend. Growing up in poor conditions, he always felt left out in school. It was David who became his friend. Who saw him as his equal. They may have forged a childish blood brother bond but it's one that Armin holds dear to him. He joins the HJ (Hitler Jugend) i.e Hitler Youth, where boys learned how to be "good German citizens". When he learns of David's Jewish background he becomes conflicted. Everything he had been taught up till now is put at stake. He was told how inferior and evil Jews where yet how can that be when his best friend, his friend who never abandoned him, never deserted him, included him, is half Jewish? How can Jews be so evil if he was always welcomed by David and Miriam (David's cousin)?
"I just think they should be consistent. If they don't want the Jews anymore, then they shouldn't recite poems or sing songs with words by Jewish poets."
The novel focuses on how people were overtaken by a militaristic minority party. The lesson there seemed to be, yell loud enough and people will support you. Of course support comes in the form of dictatorship raining down on the citizens. Subtly of course. No one spoke out. Those who did were "dealt" with. People kept to themselves. Nobody realized the power they have in groups. When the mass population gets separated by distrust, frustration, and hate it's easy for the spider to ensnare it's prey.
"Sophie noted how scared people were, even of their own telephones, in which they suspected sneaky listening devices might be hidden to record not just phone conversations, but every words spoken in the room. And nobody did anything about it. No, people accepted being afraid. They grew used to it-and this seemed to Sophie even worse. They stopped noticing the symptoms of the sickness, started to forget that things hadn't always been like that. Criminals, murderers, were governing the country, and the people cheered for them. Surely nowhere else would the citizenry hold still for that monkey with the mustache ranting and screaming. The strength and the spirit that had once created art, poetry, and science were now spent creating the worst of all possible worlds."
The book shows how the education system was changed. Brainwashing was installed in every possible crevice. Lessons shifted to somehow show how the Aryan mind was superbly better then the rest and therefore, the superior race. Every part of the body was measured and compared with to show the inferiority of other races. Commanding respect for those in higher positions was installed into the students. Again, the motto went, if your superior commanded you to bark, you fell on your knees and barked. Naturally, this combined with all the propaganda led to the manipulation of the mind. It made people stand down. Made them weak to injustice. Is it because they realized the futility or allowed the situation to become futile?
What I liked most especially is the way in which morality is handled in this book. It's very much like the events that actually took place. Is everyone to blame or is on one to blame (other than Hitler of course)? You see this through both Daniel's and Armin's eyes. While Daniel gets subjected to the slurs, Armin realizes the way the system works. When he tries to raise a voice in protest. When he tries to make people realize their errors. Tries to get people to open their eyes. He gets taught a very important lesson. In dictatorship, there is no justice. There is only right and wrong and those who are obedient, brutal, loyal, commanding are right. I like how Chojewitz displayed the humanity in Armin. A young boy who doesn't understand his society anymore. Who is split between his loyalty to his friends and his loyalty to his country. It begs the reader to question what they would do. It also tore my heart as you see the bond between the 2 boys being frayed apart.
"I'm just doing my job here; everything else is no concern of mine."