One of my favourite old family photos is a picture of my father and his two brothers from around the time of the end of the Second World War. The three of them have recently been “de-mobbed” from military service. They’re in their early twenties and wearing astonishingly swirly ties, curiously baggy suits and very big smiles.
The photo’s in black and white but according to family legend the suits were very loud indeed. Particularly my Uncle David’s. He was extraordinarily proud of his bright-green check which he particularly liked to wear with a mustard-yellow shirt and lilac socks. Startling fashion certainly didn’t begin only in the Swinging 60s.
I very much have in mind this delightful family photo as a quirky alternative front cover for this novel. I suspect the “de-mob” suits self-consciously worn by JB Priestley’s three young ex-soldiers - badly cut in grey, blue and brown - may actually have been slightly less conspicuous than my Uncle David’s sprightly green one!
But even if the colours of their suits were different, I suspect that the experiences these suits came to represent for men returning home after years at war - feeling strange and as ill fitting as their suits - were the same for my father and uncles as they are for the fictional Alan Strete, Herbert Kenford and Eddie Mold. And indeed for a whole generation struggling to return to so-called peacetime “normal”.
And this is the genius of JB Priestley: his ability to tap into the zeitgeist, to capture the feel of things that affect a whole generation in a way that’s close-up and personal to each individual involved.
Take the opening scene of the novel, for example. A typical Priestley curtain-raiser - a scene bursting with the magic of the sheer ordinary. It’s a pretty standard old-fashioned British boozer in an unremarkable town square in the 1940s. Girls in slacks, bright scarves and “too much dark red lipstick” drink gin-and-lime and smoke Players. Men drink halves of pale ale, read newspapers, chat desultorily, and kill time. And the barmaid calls “Time now, please, gentlemen. Time!” (p8).
But the barmaid’s bitter and fed up, the beaky young man’s highly strung, and the brassy factory girl’s tetchy. This is cosy with a slightly sour feeling to it. Everything’s worn out and stale, just like the pub’s shabby paintwork. Welcome home, boys.
Men returning from war and being processed back into “Civvy Street” were given new suits but not counselling. The novel is open and sympathetic about men’s mental health issues in a way that would have been strikingly unusual eighty years ago.
Returning soldiers weren’t encouraged to talk about their experiences of war - often brutal and traumatic. It was a time for moving on - literally rebuilding a bombed and exhausted nation - not for raking the past and indulging in therapy.
The men in their new suits struggle with a wide range of mental health-related issues:
- Alan’s occasional inarticulateness: “Life’s not a walking-stick or something - that you can drop or pick up. My life’s been going on - inside me … “ (p22).
- His bipolar tendencies: “He was in the mood when at any moment life would seem either radiant with promise or almost unendurable” (p81); and “behind this elation was a sad darkness of the spirit, a threat of sickness and misery, like a rain-heavy night surrounding some fireworks and only waiting to extinguish them” (p91).
- Herbert trying to explain to his mother why he’s changed: “I’m a few years older, and I’ve been as far as Africa and back, and seen a lot of coming and going, and - well, I’ve seen things and done things I didn’t expect to see and do” (p33).
- With his family all around him Herbert feels that he “was somehow not quite there. It was as if part of him was in some lonely mid-air” (p43).
- His unprocessed grief as he realises that “there were at least fifty dead, buried in the desert, in France, in Germany, to whom he felt closer now than he did to his own people … “ (p47).
- Eddie isn’t able to come to terms with the death of his baby girl while he was away at war (p49).
- His dreams and illusions are shattered: “Here he was, where he’d wanted to be for years, and yet so far he didn’t feel he was here” (p54).
- His inarticulate struggle to process his anger: “Sometimes he was all bewilderment … sometimes he was all anger, one man against a vast conspiracy” (p58).
- Eddie’s black place where “in the dark he felt loaded down with misery, hating himself … all different, and all wrong. And steadily getting worse” (p61).
- And the trauma of war: “I’m just an ordinary chap come back from a lot o’ muck an’ blood an’ flamin’ murder. I’ve seen places so flattened out yer wouldn’t know if you was lookin’ at the Town ‘All or a pig stye. I’ve seen blokes burnt alive. It didn’t ought to ‘ave ‘appened … “ (p121).
And it’s not easy for women, either. With their menfolk away for years at a time, they’ve had to adapt to all kinds of change, both good and bad, on the “home front”. This has involved:
- New labour arrangements meaning that “you can’t expect ‘em to be nice little quiet girls if you shove ‘em into uniform and keep ‘em driving lorries and sorting ammunition” (p31).
- The pain and sorrow of war (for example, Alan’s sister Diana is “bitter and on edge” (p11), repressing her grief for her husband Derek, killed at war; and listless Mrs Roseberry wanting detail from Eddie about the death of her husband Fred who “had been only about ten yards away when a mortar shell had finished him” p52).
- Romantic encounters and sexual adventures while husbands and boyfriends are away (“Some women just can’t stand the dreariness and loneliness after a year or two - they’ve got to have something happening” p107).
- Liberated women mocked for “sitting there varnishing their fingernails and getting twelve quid a week for doing it” (p5).
Living apart, sometimes for years, many couples re-united after the war only to discover the disillusionment, even misery, of finding themselves with someone they no longer loved or even felt they knew any longer.
Of course, in a novel written eighty years ago there are attitudes of that time that may make us feel uncomfortable today. For example, people don’t hold back from expressing strong views we’d now describe as patronising, stereotyping or even negative “othering”:
- The upper classes judge ordinary folk harshly (posh Uncle Rodney condemns the “new race of bloody mechanics and chauffeurs we’re breeding now” p26; and angry Diana castigates “these people who just jolly well let themselves go the minute they have money to spend - drink, football pools, dogs, any rubbishy thing they fancy … absolutely feckless” p68)
- The middling classes “know their place” and don’t encourage mixing with anyone else: “Eddie Mold - Mr Strete - neither of ‘em’s your sort here. Never was, never will be” (p32).
- Men are censorious about women (Herbert is riled by the “cheeky challenging girl in the pub” p31; Eddie’s disgusted by women throwing themselves at the “Yanks. If they couldn’t get it for nothing, then it was a quid for the whites an’ two quid for the blacks” p62).
- And women can be pretty hard on their own sex too: the barmaid at The Crown finds herself “feeling old, resentful, sour” (p2) as she watches girls picking up men; Mrs Kenford is disgusted by women “smoking an’ drinking an’ swearing an’ carrying on” (p31); and Diana is “sickened” by her sister-in-law’s sex drive, saying “she’s not really much better than all these village sluts around here who’ve been going with Americans and Italian prisoners while their husbands have been away” (p16).
But the novel isn’t just heavy-weight gloom. There are some wonderful Priestley-esque observations like:
- Herbert, subjected to his family’s pressing matrimonial plans over a vast supper, feels “he was being helped to pork, ham and Edna” - Edna who was “a solid weight of female flesh, a rich harvest of pink-and-white girlhood, a huge extra course of jam pudding and cream” (p40).
- “His wife - this fella’s mother- she was a daughter of old Lord Glandestry - had an extraordinary passion for guardsmen- pick ‘em up and smuggle ’em in at all hours” (p137).
- The description of Mrs Penterland, the “large, blonde and very elaborate” guest at Lord Darrold’s dinner party, who’s “like an historic handsome building or monument … she made you feel she ought to be open to visitors from ten in the morning to dusk on weekdays …” (p80).
The end of the novel involves a lot of earnest speechifying. Our bemused men in new suits end up smoking pipes and airing lofty views on how to attain Utopia (apparently a kind of beer and sandwiches cooperative). It seems a million miles from their more pressing personal problems of broken marriages, inefficient farming and the toffs being taxed out of existence. But I guess this was very much part of past-war life - the chattering classes doing a great deal of chattering.
And so “Three Men in New Suits” washed over me in a flood of nostalgia, as I read about Alan, Herbert and Eddie and thought about all their contemporaries in my father’s generation. But for a novel written eighty years ago, it still strikes a contemporary chord. I was reading only this morning about the high rates of mental heath issues among our armed forces. And the theme of veterans struggling to find homes, jobs and a place in the community still seems as relevant today as it did after the Second World War …