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Evolution and Rationality: Decisions, Co-operation and Strategic Behaviour

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This volume explores from multiple perspectives the subtle and interesting relationship between the theory of rational choice and Darwinian evolution. In rational choice theory, agents are assumed to make choices that maximize their utility; in evolution, natural selection 'chooses' between phenotypes according to the criterion of fitness maximization. So there is a parallel between utility in rational choice theory and fitness in Darwinian theory. This conceptual link between fitness and utility is mirrored by the interesting parallels between formal models of evolution and rational choice. The essays in this volume, by leading philosophers, economists, biologists and psychologists, explore the connection between evolution and rational choice in a number of different contexts, including choice under uncertainty, strategic decision making and pro-social behaviour. They will be of interest to students and researchers in philosophy of science, evolutionary biology, economics and psychology.

296 pages, Hardcover

First published June 14, 2012

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About the author

Samir Okasha

10 books85 followers
Biography

I received my doctorate in 1998 from the University of Oxford, where I worked with Bill Newton-Smith. I then held a post-doctoral position at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), before moving to the London School of Economics as a Jacobsen Fellow. I was a Lecturer at the University of York from 2000-2002, and in 2003 moved to the University of Bristol. I was promoted to a personal chair in 2006.

I have held a visiting position at the Australian National University.

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786 reviews253 followers
June 29, 2024
تسائل الفيلسوف اللاهوتي الإنجليزي (ويليام بالي): لماذا يبدو العالم الطبيعي مصممًا؟

وبعد خمسين عام أتى الجواب في نظرية داروين (1859) حول الانتقاء الطبيعي لتفسير العملية والغرض الواضحين من التكيف.

العملية بسيطة: مع ولادة عدد أكبر من الأفراد، مقارنة بالبقاء على قيد الحياة حتى سن الإنجاب، فإن أي سمات وراثية مرتبطة بزيادة النجاح الإنجابي الفردي سوف تميل إلى التراكم بين السكان. ونتيجة لهذه العملية، قال داروين: ستظهر الأجيال المتعاقبة من الكائنات الحية بشكل متزايد وكأنها مصممة بشكل جيد لتحقيق أقصى قدر من نجاحها الإنجابي. لذلك أجاب داروين على سؤال بالي بطريقتين: أولاً، أظهر كيف يمكن أن ينتج التصميم المعقد (التكيف) عن عملية طبيعية؛ ثانيًا، شرح الغرض من التصميم الطبيعي في نهاية المطاف، وهو زيادة اللياقة الانجابية إلى الحد الأقصى.
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Samir Okasha
Evolution And Rationality
Translated By #Maher_Razouk
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