The Transportation of Gases, Liquids and Solids by Means of Steam, Compressed Air and Pressure Water; A Complete Description of the Theory, Constructi

by Oskar Nagel

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1909 ...which is shown in Fig. 154, the oil flows from a supply tank to a central pumping outfit, where it passes through a primary heater and flows through filters to a pressure pump. The latter delivers it at a pressure of 30 to 75 pounds (according to the evaporation required) through a second heater to the nozzles, which are installed in front of the boilers. In the second heater the oil is heated to 220 to 2600 Fahr., i. e., above the flash point at atmospheric pressure. The evaporation of the oil in the first stage is prevented by the pressure of the pumps. However, the moment the oil leaves the nozzles, the pressure is removed and the oil is atomized. This "thermic" atomization is assisted by the mechanical action of the nozzles, and results in a perfectly intimate mixture of the oil with air, whereby a smokeless combustion is effected. As compared to the steam-jet system of burning oil, which will be described later, this system has the advantage of greater heat economy, as in the jet system the steam has to be raised to the furnace temperature and, being lost for spraying, is lost to the boiler. This is especially disadvantageous in marine boilers, where the loss of water, frequently amounting to 100 per cent. of the weight of the oil, has to be replaced. The centrifugal spray nozzle system is also superior to the various compressed air systems, as the power consumption of the former is much lower. Only 0.8 pound of steam are required to move 100 pounds of oil under a pressure of 75 pounds. For two heaters about 8 pounds of steam are required per 100 pounds of oil. The installation of this system on stationary boilers is shown in Fig. 155. E is the exhaust pipe, F the filter, H the heater, N the centrifugal spray nozzles, OP the oil-pressure pipe...

32 pages, Paperback

First published May 2, 2013