Massive data acquisition technologies, such as genome sequencing, high-throughput drug screening, and DNA arrays are in the process of revolutionizing biology and medicine. Using the mRNA of a given cell, at a given time, under a given set of conditions, DNA microarrays can provide a snap-shot of the level of expression of all the genes in the cell. Such snapshots can be used to study fundamental biological phenomena such as development or evolution, to determine the function of new genes, to infer the role that individual genes or group of genes may play in diseases, and to monitor the effect of drugs and other compounds on gene expression. The interdisciplinary introduction to DNA arrays will be essential reading for researchers wanting to take advantage of this powerful new technology.