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Azaleas: A Book of Poems

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Available for the first time in English, Azaleas is a captivating collection of poems by a master of the early Korean modernist style. Published in 1925, Azaleas is the only collection Kim Sowol (1902-1934) produced during his brief life, yet he remains one of Korea's most beloved and well-known poets. His work is a delightful and sophisticated blend of the images, tonalities, and rhythms of traditional Korean folk songs with surprisingly modern forms and themes. Sowol is also known for his unique and sometimes unsettling perspective, expressed through loneliness, longing, and a creative use of dream imagery-a reflection of Sowol's engagement with French Symbolist poetry.

Azaleas recounts the journey of a young Korean as he travels from the northern P'yongyang area near to the cosmopolitan capital of Seoul. Told through an array of voices, the poems describe the young man's actions as he leaves home, his experiences as a student and writer in Seoul, and his return north. Although considered a landmark of Korean literature, Azaleas speaks to readers from all cultures. An essay by Sowol's mentor, the poet Kim Ok, concludes the collection and provides vital insight into Sowol's work and life. This elegant translation by David R. McCann, an expert on modern Korean poetry, maintains the immediacy and richness of Sowol's work and shares with English-language readers the quiet beauty of a poet who continues to cast a powerful spell on generations of Korean readers.

216 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 2005

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About the author

Kim Sowol

5 books22 followers
Kim Sowol (김소월, 1902 ~ 1934) is a Korean poet. He is most famous for his contributions to early modern Korean poetry. Throughout his life he wrote his beautifully poignant poetry in a style reminiscent of traditional Korean folk songs and consequently became known as a 'Folk Song Poet'. The most prized example of this style was "Azaleas (진달래꽃)", the title poem of his sole collection of poetry.

Kim Sowol was born on August 6, 1902 (on lunar calendar date) in Kwaksan, North Pyong'an Province, Korean Empire and died on December 24, 1934. Shortly after he was born his father became insane. This fact although tragic must have affected the poet's early life and eventually led to his own premature death. His grandfather taught him classical Chinese and entered him in the famed Osan Middle School (also the alma mater of Baek Seok and Kim Eok at the age of fifteen. He became a pupil of Kim Eok (김억; 金憶), pen-named Anso, who remained for the rest of his life not only his mentor but one who truly understood the growth and abrupt termination of his poetic genius. Kim Sowol’s real name was Kim Jeong-sik (김정식; 金廷湜).

In 1923, Kim went to Japan, apparently to study, but he returned to Seoul in that same year, where he stayed for the next two years attempting to build a career in literature. However, he returned to his native region, to the town of Namsai, where he worked as the manager of the local office of Dong-A Ilbo. His poems continued to appear in the newspaper, but their quality deteriorated and Kim's life descended to habitual drinking and a reported suicide in 1934.

(from Wikipedia)

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5 stars
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Displaying 1 - 20 of 20 reviews
Profile Image for Joanne McPortland.
100 reviews5 followers
June 14, 2020
I hunted down this book — an English translation of the work of one of Korea’s best known poets — because the book itself and poems from it played a significant role in the wonderful Kdrama THE KING: ETERNAL MONARCH, which I just finished watching and really loved. I’m so grateful for the connection, because Kim Sowol’s poems are jewels, sensitively translated into English by David R. McCann. If you love the beautiful sadness of Kdramas or Korean culture in general, or poetry at all, this volume is worth seeking out.
Profile Image for Matteo Celeste.
397 reviews14 followers
December 15, 2023
Avvicinarsi alla poesia, leggerne i versi, contemplarne i significati creati da parole e figure retoriche esige che si sia disposti a un viaggio empatico in cui il medium per eccellenza sono i sentimenti e le emozioni, più di quanto altre forme letterarie possano richiedere. Questo è sicuramente il caso di “Fiori d’azalea” (진달래꽃), unica raccolta di poesie di Kim Sowŏl (김소월), tra le figure più importanti del panorama letterario coreano e il poeta più amato dai suoi conterranei, come dimostra un sondaggio condotto da Poet’s World nel 2002, il cui risultato è riportato da David R. McCann, tra i massimi esperti dell’opera di Kim, nell’introduzione alle sue poesie nella traduzione in inglese da lui curata, tanto che ogni coreano, si dice, sarà in grado di declamarvi almeno qualche verso di “Fiori d’azalea”, la poesia da cui prende il nome la raccolta.
Ho rimandato più volte la lettura di quest’opera per il timore di non riuscire a comprendere Kim Sowŏl: la grandezza del poeta che mi sarei accinto a conoscere, le vicende della sua vita così travagliata m’imponevano una sorta di reverenza, di rispetto profondo accompagnato da un senso di soggezione che richiedeva una qualche forma di preparazione mentale, un’adeguata disposizione d’animo per potermi avvicinare a questa raccolta e poterla affrontare nel modo più corretto e riguardoso. Così, quando ho girato quelle pagine, l’ho fatto lentamente, soffermandomi (o ritornandovi) quanto il cuore riteneva necessario…
Un mio professore sosteneva che “nessuno va mai al di là della propria biografia”: quanto spesso mi è tornata in mente questa affermazione percorrendo le pagine di “Fiori d’azalea”! Leggendo della vita del poeta e memori del contesto storico in cui si è trovato a vivere (l’occupazione giapponese della penisola che ha prodotto scempi inenarrabili nei confronti del popolo coreano), si riescono infatti a identificare con facilità i temi di cui la sua poesia parla (l’amore e il dolore a esso associato, la perdita, la separazione, la solitudine, la nostalgia e il ricordo, la tristezza, l’afflizione personale e, come messo in evidenza da alcuni critici, il riferimento a quella patita dal suo popolo); questi temi trovano nelle poesie di Kim Sowŏl parole troppo evocative per non poter essere anche immaginifiche. Eppure…
Eppure, nella nitidezza dell’immagine che ci si presenta, sembra talvolta celarsi qualcosa di non rivelato, ma percepibile, qualcosa che trova spazio e si insinua nella nostra mente e a cui desideriamo ritornare come nel caso di una domanda senza risposta. Ecco perché la raccolta di poesie “Fiori d’azalea” «lascia nei lettori il desiderio di ritornare a leggerla ancora e ancora», come scrive Imsuk Jung nella Prefazione. Per la poesia di Kim, in generale, vale il principio che più la si legge, maggiori saranno i dubbi che si solleveranno e tante saranno le interpretazioni che i versi solleciteranno a seconda dell’occhio (anche lo stesso, ma mutato col tempo) che su di essi si posa; come è accaduto, per esempio, proprio con i versi di “Fiori d’azalea”:

Se ti stancherai di me
E deciderai di andare
In silenzio io ti lascerò partire

A Yŏngbyŏn sul monte Yaksan
Vestirò il cammino tuo
Dei fiori d’azalea raccolti.

E tu passo dopo passo andrai
Calcando lievemente
Quei fiori lì disposti

Se ti stancherai di me
E deciderai di andare
Pur morendo io non verserò una lacrima.


Come scrive McCann in un articolo dedicato al suo significato, è nella costante relazione tra il poeta e il lettore, mediata dai quei memorabili versi, in questa dimensione che travalica lo spazio-tempo, che «la poesia assume la sua forma»; così, grazie a queste “forme” molteplici, legate a quella relazione particolare e momentanea, vengono a generarsi interpretazioni tra le più varie, senza che si possa decidere quale è quella più corretta. Il risultato di tutto ciò è una coesistenza di punti di vista che non fa altro che mostrare il potenziale creativo – in senso letterale – della poesia di Kim Sowŏl.
Oltre ai temi, e soprattutto al modo in cui li esprime, a rendere moderna la poesia di Kim è qualcosa di strettamente legato alla sua lingua: il coreano. Con la traduzione, naturalmente, si perdono alcuni elementi che, per l’appunto, pure hanno concorso a riconoscere come innovativa la sua poesia: dalla struttura, che ricalca quella dei minyo, soprattutto nella forma degli arirang, canti del folklore coreano, sino all’uso di un linguaggio che, come ricorda Imsuk Jung, «a quei tempi si sarebbe definito colloquiale»; per quanto a noi, che non conosciamo la lingua, sfuggano questi aspetti, non dobbiamo dimenticare che hanno portato una rivoluzione nella poesia coreana stessa, facendo assurgere Kim Sowŏl tra i padri – se non: a padre – della poesia moderna coreana.
Imsuk Jung riporta di come McCann sia incline a definire la raccolta “Fiori d’azalea” come «una serie di eventi che raccontano e racchiudono una storia». Ed è vero: io credo sia la storia di un cuore afflitto che, in ogni componimento, ci dischiude alle fasi e ai moventi della sua afflizione (tra i quali il suicidio della sua amante); la storia di un’anima troppo sensibile e della sua progressiva perdita della capacità di sognare e di sentirsi adeguato a vivere, come traspare già dai primi versi di una delle poesie dalla bellezza malinconica, tipica di Kim, – “Ché tanto in vita nostra meta è morte” – che recitano:

Svariate volte al giorno mi domando
Per quale cosa al mondo intendo vivere?
E mai ho saputo dare una risposta


E così, a causa di questo “male di vivere”, di questa malinconia inconsolabile, di questo «silenzio austero / che gli uomini hanno dentro», Kim si toglie la vita con una dose eccessiva di oppio nel 1934, a soli 32 anni. Forse, nei suoi ultimi istanti di vita, potranno essergli venuti in mente questi versi della poesia “Senza titolo”:

Scenderà presto il buio e così, lentamente,
Sarà ciò che in passato fu detta la notte


mentre i fumi dell’oppio lo accompagnavano dolcemente verso la fine che per sempre avrebbe colto quella primavera vissuta un tempo tra i fiori d’azalea e ormai eternamente avviluppata, appunto, da «ciò che in passato fu detta la notte»…
Profile Image for Barry.
Author 150 books135 followers
February 20, 2008
A fine little poem as an example:


Dream

Don't they say that dogs, roosters,
and other animals too have dreams?
Spring should be a time for dreams,
but I have not a one.
O the very end of my life!
I need a dream! I need a dream!
Profile Image for Cristina.
57 reviews31 followers
June 25, 2020
I honestly read this book because of a music review done by Muish on Wordpress. Her ramblings about the Outro: Tear song by BTS has a reference to this book about the azaleas. I love the song so much especially that it was actually about the members and Muish unknowingly written an explanation because of the lyrics “step on” which she said used the old Korean word and was only famous from the poem Azaleas by Kim Sowol. From what I gathered from her, Korean Azaleas are wild and the first flowers to bloom in spring. These flowers represent purity, innocence and happiness and to be “stepping on” them is like tarnishing its reputation and a mock to someone’s happiness. There is also one particular line Muish said that really coincides with the real story behind the song. It goes like this “The poem gives feeling of careless cruelty where the person who left doesn’t even care enough to have hate.” It’s funny and sad at the same time because Outro: Tear was written when BTS struggled to keep the band together and this was like an honest to god song about how they really felt those times.

Anyway, as for this book, I did love the first few poems especially the first one called “Someday Long After”. I don’t know much about Sowol but that poem screams heartache. It seems he was left by his lover but when I go deeper than that, “left” will mean that his lover died.

Somewhere in the middle, I don’t think I like much of his writings or maybe the translation makes me feel left out? I think if I know Korean well and understand the language and the culture, the poems might give a lot more than a nod from me. But then when I got to the last portion of the book, I actually love most of his poems. Reading them made me feel morose all of a sudden since I can understand how he suffered depression. He questioned life so often, cried for a lover he once have, until it’s truly heartbreaking to read. And then I think he committed suicide and died. It’s really sad, because it’s not so often that I expect something like this, and that I somehow witnessed the development of his depression went downhill? I just stopped.

That’s it. I wish I have the motivation to learn Korean and I might just reread this original language version of this book again and might give a higher rating than this.
Profile Image for marikareads.
107 reviews5 followers
June 10, 2023
I read this with my mom because she saw it in a drama and I must say that it is quite lovely, probably the first poetry book I've actually liked.
Profile Image for Yasemin Macar.
274 reviews13 followers
April 27, 2023
● Açelya Çiçeği - Gim So-Vol ● #okudumbitti

Koleksiyonun eksik parçası canım esram @tinkmink sayesinde tamamlandı🥰😍🥰 Hatice hocanın çevirisi gayet güzeldi ama ben orjinali de yanında görmeyi seviyorum o yüzden keşke olsaydı dedim. Baskısı olmayan bir kitap uzun süre bulamadım...

Gim So-Vol, Kore'nin ünlü şairlerinden ve Batı şiirlerini ilk defa Korece'ye çeviren Gim Og'un önderliğinde öğrencilik dönemi geçirmiş ve ondan etkilenerek şiir yazmaya başlamıştır.
1922 yılında yazdığı kitaba da ismini veren Açelya Çiçeği şiiri ve birkaç şiiri daha ilk defa Yaratma dergisinde yayınlanmıştır. Bu şiirler halkın duygusunu temel alan #minyo tarzındaki şiirlerdir. Minyo; acıklı folklor motifleri içeren 3.4-4.5-5.5-7.5 hece ölçülü Kore halk şarkısı tarzıdır. Gim So-Vol, minyo tarzı şiirle modern tarz şiiri birleştirerek ortaya güzel bir sentez çıkarmıştır.

Şiirlerinin ana temasını oluşturan hüzün, ayrılık, terk ediliş, çaresizlik, güçsüzlük, hem şairin kendi duygularını hem de Kore toplumunun ortak duygularını yansıtır. So Vol’ün şiirlerinde görünen hüznün kaynağı vatanın yitirilişi ile yakından ilişkilidir. Japonların acımasızlığı ile babasının aklını yitirmesi, bağımsızlık hareketinin başarısızlığının getirdiği hüsran, sömürge yönetimi altında ezilen halkın göz yaşartan hayatı vs. bizzat tecrübe eden So Vol vatanın yitirilişine dair hüznü iliklerine kadar hissetmiştir. Yaşanan tüm acıların temelinde vatanın yitirilişinin yaşattığı hüzün şairin pek çok şiirinde karşımıza çıkmaktadır.

Açelya Çiçeği şiiri, Kore halkının naifliğini sembolize eder. Bu duygular sadece So Vol’ün değil Kore halkının genel duyguları olduğu için Kore şiir dünyasında önemli bir yere sahiptir.

[진달래꽃/나 보기가 역겨워/가실 때에는/말없이 고이 보내 드리오리다.//영변(寧邊)에 약산(藥山)/진달래꽃,//아름 따다 가실 길에 뿌리오리다//가시는 걸음 걸음//놓인 그 꽃을/사뿐히 즈려 밟고 가시옵소서.// 나 보기가 역겨워/가실 때에는/죽어도 아니 눈물 흘리오리다. ]
Profile Image for Alina.
71 reviews1 follower
September 16, 2021
Kim Sowŏl’s exquisite poetry evokes delicate images and deep feelings. Much may be lost in translation, but even so David R. McCann did a wonderful job and each poem in the volume ‘Azaleas’ is a little gem. Sometimes similar to haiku, sometimes harmonious like old songs, the reader of the English translation can certainly enjoy this beautiful world created in ‘Azaleas’. One example:

Spring Night

In dark tresses of the weeping willow’s ancient limbs,
in vivid blue of the swallow wing blouse,
and there by the wine house window, just look. Hasn’t spring settled in?

Silently the winds blow, weep, sigh,
while without a reason we know sadness and longing this dark spring night
as gentle vapors rise and cover the ground.
Profile Image for Arwa.
13 reviews
August 2, 2024
I cannot emphasize enough how good and how touching his poems are. Though every time i felt like a lot was lost in translation and that made me sad. The way so wol uses symbols and nature to describe feelings is very smooth.
Longing and grief is so present in his poems for he was distanced from his lover who i think died before him. I very much loved a lot of his poems but i will post some lines here that i loved so much though it's hard to choose.

Though the sun is sinking at the mountain crest,
it seems to be growing dark because of you.
Though the sun itself rises over the mountain ridge,
it seems that morning turns bright because of you.
Earth may collapse or the sky fall in,
but until the end, all that is, is because of you.
This is my only thought, that if the time should ever come,
like a shadow I will be with you.
Oh you, who once were my love!

Another one:

Woke up from a terrible dream at daybreak, in spring.
Ravens, magpies screeching, their disturbing noise.
What was it that appeared before their eyes?
Lovely spring daybreak, the grasses drenched with dew,
the whole world calm, at peace,
yet the ravens out there, and the magpies screeching:
Was it that my awful dream visited them too?
While the spring winds pass quietly over the empty fields,
and on the eastern hills flower petals scatter,
hear how this woman worried by love has determined everything is an omen meaning her ill.
30 reviews
August 18, 2020
This wonderful collection of poems by Kim So-Wol, still sounds beautiful in its English translation, despite the lack of song cadence found in the original Korean (I also have a copy in the original Korean).
'Azaleas recounts the journey of a young Korean as he travels from the northern P'yôngyang area to the cosmopolitan capital of Seoul'.
This journey is very reminiscent of Khalil Gibran's, The Prophet, of his journey, and his meetings with an array of people.
I love every one of these poems - so difficult to choose one, especially, although Azaleas come pretty close.
However, Lump of Grief resonates deeply with me:

Kneel, rise, incense candle lighted.
In my heart, small lump of grief.
In Shadows of the fifth-day moon, rainwater weeps.
In my heart, small lump of grief.
Profile Image for Lu.
1 review
May 12, 2023
Conoscevo e amavo già le poesie di Kim Sowol in altre traduzioni perciò ero felice che finalmente arrivasse un’edizione italiana. Non sono una grandissima conoscitrice del coreano né della poetica di Kim Sowol per cui non posso dare un parere oggettivo riguardo la traduzione, tuttavia sono rimasta delusissima. Quando ho aperto il volume mi sono sentita disorientata, non riuscivo a trovare le poesie che amavo perché non le riconoscevo. Alcune mi sembra cambino proprio di senso e per la frustrazione ho quasi restituito il volume.
Le quattro stelle sono per il poeta.
Profile Image for Chhanda.
90 reviews
August 21, 2023
Kim Sowol is a poet of nature. Mountain, Flower, rain, snow, stream and moon- these are major theme of his poems. Sometimes he just tried to capture a moment of nature. He is also a poet of love. Most of times his expression of love and longing comes through the description of nature. Longing for his village also mixes with longing for love and nature. It seems the translation is a barrier to understand Kim Sowol fully. In this books the translation sometimes create confusion to grasp the essence of the poetry.
34 reviews
October 12, 2025
So a little background. I found out about this book because I heard a song, liked it, checked out the album, and wondered what it was based on from the title. I then did some internet research and found out it was songs based on this author's poetry. I was so excited to read this book because I had heard such good things, but I was honestly disappointed. I do think it was because I am not the biggest fan of this kind of poetry though. I have been trying to expand the type of books that I read so I am glad that I finished it but honestly it just did not wow.
Profile Image for Raven.
225 reviews3 followers
Read
February 2, 2024
"Wide awake in the brightness of day,/
I go on mistaking/
anyone on the roadside for her."

"You were close that one night I longed for,/
and in a deep dream, for a time you/
gave our bodies to the weeping,/
turning heartsick longing to love."

"Let my body be the spirit of fire/
burning in your heart the night through,/
the two of us burn to ash and vanish."

"Again and again the paths branch,/
but not one way/
is mine."
Profile Image for Charlotte Quarles.
21 reviews1 follower
June 5, 2024
It's strange to go through someone's entire body of work in so short a time, particularly knowing how celebrated they are and that their life was just barely longer than your own. I have a hard time enjoying poetry in general, and I can't really say that this was an exception, but the style was nice. It's difficult to know how much is lost in translation, but it did make me want to revisit Sowol's work one day when I have a good enough grasp on Korean and can try reading the original.
Profile Image for Carlos Costa.
52 reviews3 followers
December 1, 2020
O maior limite da poesia está na realidade linguística do seu autor, nenhuma tradução jamais reproduz com zelo a musicalidade patente nos versos de Kim Sowol.
Profile Image for Dorothy.
37 reviews
August 25, 2021
"Let my body be the spirit of fire
burning in your heart the night through,
the two of us burn to ash and vanish."

- Song of the Stream
Profile Image for Cris.
16 reviews2 followers
July 23, 2023
For me, this is the discovery of the year. It's one of the most beautiful poems book I've ever encountered. I would very much like to read it in Korean, but I'm happy with the English version.
Profile Image for Dilara.
43 reviews3 followers
May 13, 2015
Adı sebebiyle okudum. Şiirler orjinalinde güzeldir belki; fakat -çoğu şiir çevirisi gibi- tercüme kötüydü. Şiirlerin kaderi, başka dilde asla kendileri olamıyorlar.
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