After Shankar's "Chowringhee" and Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay's "Aranyak" if there was any book by a Bengali author who had touched my mortal senses in a savoury note, it was "Srikanta" by Sharatchandra Chatterjee. This book isn't just a work of fiction but a written document about a society in which we still dwell today. It's no doubt a masterpiece of Bengali literature. It has a myriad of charectors who represent a generation riddled with superstitions, ignorance and prejudices as well as a wide array of individuals who took the courage to break the mould.
On the surface, this may seem like the story of a wandering soul who thinks his individuality to be more significant than social conventions, thus he never felt comfortable to be binded by any so-called legitimate social structure. This might not seem something ground breaking on the surface, but let me tell you that not more than a mere hundred years ago, in the early 20th century India, a person nurturing this thought might get declared as a fool or a complete mad man.
Yet in the year 1917, Sarat Chandra Chatterjee made a protagonist who was never meant to be a protagonist in the traditional sense, like a fly on the wall, he comes, he observes and the more he observes the more he understands how deeply misguided we are as a society, especially in terms of its treatment towards a woman, as patriarchal neuroses becomes a desiese both amongst men and women, we are so blind by these age old conventions and conditions, hardly there is a room for one's individuality. We are knee deep in ignorance, but hey, we sure do love judging people...
What makes Srikanta, a riveting read is solely due to its nuanced, complex and well-crafted characters. It may seem a gross injustice if we don't talk about them.
At first, there's Indranath, a rogue of a boy who defies everyone, who's bravery and charm clearly titillates Srikanta's wanderlust soul. A fisherman and flute player by hoby he's one of the first individuals in Srikanta's life whom he admired as a friend and a philosophical guide. Srikanta's ideas on womanhood were first initiated by Ananda Didi, who's endurance against her husband's abuses awed and enraged him at the same time. Being only a mere teenager, he takes up the situation as the ideals of true womanhood.
Thus being said after a few years when he became a young man he meets his childhood friend Rajlakshmi alias Piyari Bai, he sees how slowly he starts having feelings for the nautch girl but his idealised mindset starts creating a bitter conflict, later when he comes to know of her hardships (as she was sold by her mother as a child and was proclaim dead to the people of her home town) and her will to fight on in a cruel world with a pure good hearted soul, he comes to realise that, all that is seen, might not be what it seems. It's better to be in someone's shoes before one gets to say something about someone. His affection for Piyari creates a huge crevice on his ideology conditioned by social conventions.
Abhaya on the other hand was the chief spokes person of Chatterjee's rage on social evils, especially on how the so-called Hindu society does a gross injustice towards its women. Srikanta sees how she defies social norms and disowns her abusive husband and openly lives with her lover. Srikanta deeply understands her pain and admires how bravely she stands against the struggles of her life with a partner who's association is seen as immoral and impure.
Then comes Kamal Lata, a Vaishnava, who is equally as brave and independent as Abhaya when she decides to leave her family and becomes an ascetic when they try to marry her off to a rapist.
We can see how each of these charectors are the archetypes of a modern rationalistic individual who stood their ground at the face of social adversities which are metted out on account of their gender. They can be termed as individuals who doesn't cry in the name of fate and rather strongly create their own. All of them neither care nor they feel themselves to be any less than the opposite gender. All except Rajlakshmi...
The problem with Rajlakshmi is that being deprived of so many things from such an early age, she's obsessed with the fear of loss. Srikanta was the new toy in her life which she never wanted to do away with, and like a toy she throws it and pets it on her own free will. Constant extremities of circumstance has made her afflicted with a kind of severe bipolar disorder, which makes her give polarising reactions to various incidents through out the book, for instance once she supports Abhaya's action of leaving her abusive husband and talks about men being cruel to women but then also she mentions the importance of a woman to endure sufferings and be chaste in terms of Hindu norms and conventions. She, like a destructive force, wrecks the soul of Srikanta, by trying to make him what he's not, a man to be bound in the shackles of a family. But she does have a certain point when she once states that we always talk about how a woman should be aware of her rights, but is it not equally important to make men understand how not to exploit their own? I would say she's a charector who is amidst a form of Stockholm syndrome in terms of regressive ideals...
You see, Srikanta and Rajlakshmi are not a romantic couple by any means because it is understandable that what passes between them is nothing beyond emotions of salvation and respect. Salvation from one's past and respect for each other's ideals and accomplishments through which both of them have a change in their mindset, one for the variably better and the other for the worse. They suffocate each other, yet they are drawn to one another as a habit and out of a sense of comfort. Even though not bound by any form of social contract or traditions. Hence, no doubt they are a tragic couple in Sharatchandra Chatterjee's work. They represent a confused generation like any generation of ours and other times, torn between society and individuality.
It's evident from this quote, "We live a snake and mongoose life, threatening to kill one another every minute. But since killing is punishable by law, we look for various ways to torture each other" What might have started out as a genuine affection thus ends as a bitter habit of coexistence.
Love can never be just born out of just respect and acquiring salvation of one's so-called sins from one another, it requires something else, something that can't be explicitly expressed in words, but it is something that those who have ever fallen in love will know. As for this reviewer, he is left in the dark...
Kamal Lata on the other hand is someone I feel Srikanta had truly fallen in love with. She really was the one with whom his soul was entwined like the roots of a tree in a forest with that of the others. Unrequited love may never have a better example. Their attraction for one another was evident from the start. He does feel a huge affection for her and was willing to submit to her. He has never wanted Rajlakshmi to be something more than a friend. It's frustrating to see how certain systems choke the path of an individual's happiness. This tragedy is the crux of Sarat Babu's novel.
Srikanta thus as a work of fiction, it questions a systematic conditioning of stagnant ideals of love, relationship, misogyny and patriarchy prevalent in a society which was as decadent then, as it is today. Thus, it can also be defined as a tragic tale of our modern society which is still stuck in a cycle of hapless existence. As millions like them through these paltry constraints, i.e., constraints as I see it, fail to realise their passions...
P.S. : But this in the end is fiction, there's still a part of me which really felt that the ending could've been a bit different :) If someone reads it, then they'll understand...