A little background: I really love Malcolm Gladwell. I was first introduced to him through my Persuasion class I took while studying abroad last summer. We had to read Blink, his first published book; it was one of the most interesting books I have ever read for a class. He is no stranger to writing, though. His full-time occupation is as a journalist for the New Yorker.
Why is he so amazing, might you ask? I'll tell you. Malcolm Gladwell has this amazing ability in his writing to find things that are seemingly unrelated ideas and anecdotes, and relate them to each other in radical ways. What the Dog Saw is different than his previous books, in that it is a compilation of articles he has written for the New Yorker, organized around a cohesive idea: people who try to understand other people. Here's a short summary of each chapter/article:
1) The Pitchmen. This article talks about the original family of pitchmen (like Billy Mays). Basically the Popeil family is reallyl inventive and can sell people boxes of crap because they're so good at their job (... not that they would ever sell you a crappy product). Not only are they excellent pitchmen, but they would spend countless hours in the workshop. One of their inventions, the kitchen rotisserie, had over 200 patents on it alone.
2) The Ketchup Conundrum. Why is it that there are dozens of kinds of mustard but only one kind of ketchup? Well it turns out there are a lot of reasons. For example, did you know that there are five kinds of taste? Sweet, Salty, Sour, Bitter, and Umami. Umami is a more recent discovery, as it's much harder to place than the first four kinds of taste. It comes from protein and amino acids (so it's prevelant in foods like chicken noodle soup and seaweed). Ketchup is a rare food that has all five tastes in one and is all perfectly blended so you're not left with the aftertaste of one over another. A lot of other reasons, too. Who knew ketchup was so fascinating!
3) Blowing Up. I'm a little fuzzy on the details of this chapter because it talked about investments and other stuff that my knowledge is sketchy on. It was still really interesting, though. Basically it talks about this guy, Nassim Taleb, takes a completely different approach to investments than anybody else. His way is harder for people to accept, because it can lead to losing small amounts of money over a long period of time with no risk of losing big time, rather than the current way which is to take a huge risk that can either pay off big or leave you completely destitute.
4) True Colors. The history of hair dye. The story of a beauty product that ended up being deeply connected to women and their changing identities through the fifties and sixties. The way in which they were advertised by two women prominent in the advertising industry mirrored the way women felt about themselves and what dying their hair meant to them and the role they played in society.
5) John Rock's Error. One of my favorite pieces, this article talks about the history of birth control. So much info here, about the relevance of Catholicism to the method of the pill, how women's menstraul cycles have changed with modern times and technology, and the medical benefits of birth control (being on the pill lowers your risk of ovarian cancer -- crazy!)
6) What the Dog Saw. This article is about Millan the Dog Whisperer, how he came to his job, how he works with dogs, and with people, and the body gestures and signals that we process subconsciously that leads to his success.
7) Open Secrets. Enron, the huge scandal of the 90's, was actually not as secretive as firsts accused. Rather, it shows the problem of too much information, rather than not enough. Enron did not hide anything so much as they did not explain how their business worked in a way that was understood by the majority of people (including most of the people on their executive board).
8) Million-Dollar Murray. Homelessness is actually cheaper to solve by giving them paid-for apartments and individual service than things like homeless shelters and soup kitchens. In general, the majority of homeless people are not homeless for long; it is only a few people that are costing the big bucks, the chronically homeless. Fix them, and you fix the bulk of the problem.
9) The Picture Problem. Another fascinating article for women. In overview, reading and interpreting mammograms correctly is a much sketchier process than we might realize. He relates it, quite well, to the problem the military has with correclty interpreting infrared pictures of possible terrorist targets.
10) Something Borrowed. Should plagiarism in writing be that big of a deal? He has a personal anecdote here of a woman who wrote a play that became very famous, but was quickly pulled after she was accused by a woman of having her life story blatantly used as the plot of the main character, based off an article that Malcolm Gladwell had written about her. While the woman had a legitimate complaint, Gladwell muses about the morality of plagiarism, and the idea that all art and creativity is based off something else, which makes a very fine line.
11) Connecting the Dots. Was the terrorist of 9/11 really preventable? The previous chapter on Enron touches on the fact of too much information can be worse than too little, and that same argument is made here. American intelligence agencies had so much information, so many "tips", that it became very difficult to separate the fact from the fiction. It's not about having the information, but being able to connect the dots between what is already there.
12) The Art of Failure. What is the difference between "choking" and "panicking"? Turns out, quite a lot. Both create separate physical reactions and come from different places. Here Gladwell goes into the plane crash of the Kennedy son, what he was experiencing at the time, and why it happened.
13) Blowup. Who is to blame for the explosion of NASA's Challenger? Human nature wants to say that something can definitely be fixed, or somebody was definitely to blame, for an accident of that magnitude. But in reality, it wasn't one big blunder as much as a lot of little calculations, that individually are not considered critical, but all culminated at once to produce a disaster; and really, there's no way to prevent against that.
14) Late Bloomers. Why is it that we only call people "geniuses" if they come to fruition when they're young? Aren't old geniuses possible? Turns out, we have another term for them, "masters", and the approach of the two are completely different, but equally interesting.
15) Most Likely to Succeed. How do you hire someone if you don't know who qualifies for the job? Gladwell uses two examples here, quarterbacks who transition from college to pro, and financial advisors, to culminate into the idea that the system for hiring public school teachers is in need of a drastic reformation. All three of these areas are jobs where it is impossible to tell who is good at it until they are actually immersed in the program.
16) Dangerous Minds. Criminal profiling, at it's surface, seems an amazing ability of psychologists to get at the heart of a person based of superficial facts of a crime scene. However, it may be more of a hoax than originally thought, and not really that helpful in catching the bad guy.
17) The Talent Myth. Are smart people overrated? Enron comes into play again, as they had a different outlook on how people were promoted and rewarded in their company. If you were smart, if you had "talent", you got what you wanted and were given enormous responsibility, whether or not you were really qualified for the task. And... it may have blown up in their face.
18) The New-Boy Network. If you think about it, hiring somebody based off a piece of paper and spending at most an hour with them in an interview seems extremely superficial and basic. So why is it that we make such a big decision based off that? Again, more subconscious work at play here.
19) Troublemakers. One of the saddest articles, I think. Pit bulls are unfairly stereotyped in several countries, and in many states in the U.S. Banned as viscious and human aggressive dogs, the truth points more toward the owners of the dogs and the lifestyle the dog is brought up in.