New advances in telecommunications technology, including IP Multimedia Subsystems (IMS), VoIP, IPTV, and WiMAX, present the prospect of new market entrants drastically undercutting incumbent telecommunications service providers (telephone companies and cable/satellite TV providers) in operational expenses (OPEX) while enjoying much higher revenue by offering a triple and quadruple play of services (voice, video, data and mobile services) that incumbent service providers cannot offer without drastic captial expenditures (CAPEX). In short, legacy service providers will be driven out of business by disruptive technologies wielded by either new market entrants or their more aggressive competitors. In order to compete, all service providers will have to deploy next generation networks which will result in a greater build out of telecom networks than what was seen in the late 1990's.