“[Rabbit Angrstrom] drives too fast down Joseph Street, and turns left, ignoring the sign staying STOP. He heads down Jackson to where it runs obliquely into Central, which is also 422 to Philadelphia. STOP. He doesn’t want to go to Philadelphia but the road broadens on the edge of town beyond the electric-power station and the only other choice is to go through Mt. Judge around the mountain into the thick of Brewer and the supper-time traffic. He doesn’t intend ever to see Brewer again, that flowerpot city. The highway turns from three-lane to four-lane and there is no danger of hitting another car; they all run together like sticks on a stream…”
- John Updike, Rabbit, Run
All of us, at one time or another, has felt the urge to drop everything and run away. Perhaps you have felt this notion multiple times, or perhaps multiple times during a single day.
I certainly have, at least.
On particularly tough days, it is gratifying to imagine yourself sprinting away from your troubles like Forrest Gump, heading for the hills, or the hills beyond the hills, to escape the relentless everyday responsibilities: job; bills; student loan debt; the leaking faucet; the crab-grassy lawn. I mean, in the time it took me to finish this first paragraph, three separate kids burst into my office, with two ridiculous requests, and one vague, troubling pronouncement (“I didn’t drop mommy’s earing in the toilet”).
It is exhausting.
The fantasy is to start fresh somewhere else, with none of the world’s weight on your shoulders. It’s not for nothing that there are actual firms that will help you fake your own death (not that I’ve, um, checked or anything).
It should go without saying that this is not something you should actually do, especially if you have a family, and friends, and serious obligations. Simply dropping all these burdens onto others would be the height of selfishness. Moreover, it takes a certain kind of low person to walk out on those who love them.
John Updike’s Rabbit, Run is about just such a man.
Harry “Rabbit” Angrstrom is a familiar type, a 26-year-old man who peaked in high school (as a basketball star) and is now caught in the drudgery of the suburbs, with a wife he doesn’t love, and a young child who annoys him, and a job selling an appliance called the MagiPeeler that is as unfulfilling as it sounds.
One day, Rabbit hops into his car, and just goes. However, being a somewhat remarkable dud, he quickly gets lost, and ends up returning to his hometown, where – after some contrivances – he ends up living openly with a prostitute named Ruth. Distraught, his wife, Janice, goes back to live with her well-off parents, while a young Episcopal priest named Jack Eccles attempts to coerce Rabbit into a reconciliation.
That is pretty much the plot of this famous – indeed, classic – Updike novel.
Rabbit, Run was first published in 1960, and it is firmly set in that era. This is a snapshot of small-town America in the Age of Eisenhower, with a character chafing at conservative strictures regarding sex and religion, while attempting to forge his own identity. If this all feels a bit too premeditated, a bit too self-consciously important, well, it sort of is. There are a number of on-the-nose dialogues, especially between Rabbit and Eccles, that definitely call attention to themselves. Certain pages transported me back to English class, even though I was never assigned Updike in either high school or college.
Nevertheless, I really liked this. Rabbit, Run is absorbing, for the simple reason that Updike is an extremely talented author. I don’t know for sure the state of Updike’s reputation today. Suffice to say, he was prolific during his career, and whatever his place in the firmament, his literary ability is first-rate.
Rabbit Angstrom is an awful person, but he is also completely drawn and fully imagined. When you think of great fictional characters, the ones that pop instantly to mind tend to have obvious dramatic heft. Rabbit, though, is mostly pathetic, the kind of post-high school loser who manages to hold onto his narcissism in the face of all evidence to the contrary. At first glance, he does not seem the type to be called unforgettable. But he is. Even in the best of fiction, most characters are static. They are characters in the definitional sense, with a particular role and a plot-functional purpose. Not Rabbit. He is dynamic and erratic and a bundle of competing impulses. You never quite know what he is going to think or say or do next, which makes him feel real. Not likeable, mind you, or even sympathetic. But real.
None of the other characters in Rabbit, Run achieve this level of depth, which is not surprising. Updike also has a tendency to draw these supporting actors with reference to their physical traits, especially the ones he finds repulsive. That said, there are glimmers of humanity in both Ruth and Janice, once you wade through their surface struggles with weight and alcohol, respectively.
At the time this was published, Rabbit, Run was notorious for its depiction of sexuality. Apparently, this was toned down quite a bit by the editors, and nothing in these pages felt even mildly risqué by modern standards. (Of course, my barometer is a little skewed, having just finished Outlander). Indeed, there is something almost quaint in what qualified as controversial at the start of the 1960s. For instance, there is a scene involving fellatio that is given – a bit laughably – near-earth-shaking ramifications.
What struck me here was not the sex, but Updike’s unbelievable attention to detail, and his ability to mold that detail into beautiful prose. It’s just flat out stunning. There is a throwaway sequence in which Rabbit and Ruth go on an outdoor hike, and Updike’s effortless capacity to switch from his deconstruction of a failing marriage to a picture-accurate description of everything they see on their walk, is quite amazing.
Without spoiling too much, Rabbit, Run makes a hard, third-act swerve that abruptly and totally changes the tone and tenor of the book. It is a bit jarring, like being catapulted into a novel by Andre Dubus III, where small bad things often lead to big bad things. When it first happened, I wasn’t sure how I felt about Updike’s sudden curveball. Upon reflection, though, it works, and allows Rabbit to remain true to his unfortunate nature in the starkest way imaginable.
There is an inclination, especially when dealing with famous authors, to inflate their work so that it comes to symbolize a certain generation or time period. Having come so late to the Updike game (he died in 2009), I read this with a virtuous ignorance, the pages unencumbered by any broader meaning.
Rabbit, Run, of course, is only the first novel in what became a tetralogy, following the arc of Rabbit’s life as set against the background of a changing America. Despite the fact that Rabbit’s story continues, Rabbit, Run works perfectly well as a standalone. Instead of the broad scope and boundless ambitions exhibited in many classics, Updike gives you a precise, powerful, and lacerating character study that – page for page – delivers quite the punch.