The Andrea Doria was an Italian ocean liner that frequently carried passengers on Transatlantic trips. The ship was launched in 1951, with her maiden voyage taking place in 1953. The ship collided with the Stockholm, which resulted in massive damage to the side of the ship due to the construction of the Stockholm's prow. The fuel tanks were ripped open, allowing them to fill with water. That, in combination with the construction of the Andrea Doria and the top heavy design, caused the list to become well over the design allowance. The ship eventually capsized and sank. Andrea Doria stayed afloat for eleven hours after the incident, though the list rendered some lifeboats unusable. At the time of the incident, there were 1,706 passengers and crew members on board. 1,660 were rescued, while 46 passengers and crew members died. Interestingly, Cary Grant's wife, Betsey Drake, was on board the ship. She survived. Also on board was Linda Morgan, daughter of Edward P. Morgan, a prominent New York broadcaster. She was traveling with Edward's ex wife, her new husband, and their daughter. His ex wife, Jane, survived, but her new husband and their daughter died. His emotional report on this incident was well remembered for years. The Stockholm was the smallest passenger liner in operation at the time, and was half the size of the Andrea Doria. The maximum passenger capacity for this ship was 548 passengers. The Stockholm often sailed in icy water, and was fitted with an ice breaking prow, which caused the massive damage to the Andrea Doria. The prow actually protected the ship from worse damage to itself, and the Stockholm was able to make it to port under her own power after the incident, but was escorted by the US Coast Guard. The Stockholm was actually on a course that was not recommended for ships leaving the United States, as it sent them into oncoming traffic, however the crew chose this route to save time. After the accident, a congressional review of the time table, actions, and aftermath was held.
I find it interesting to note that even though the Stockholm was traveling against the recommended traffic pattern, most of the fault seems to lie with the Andrea Doria. The book went into great detail about the events on the ships at the time of the incidents, as well as what was found in the congressional hearing. The Andrea Doria was found to have been speeding through fog without using the fog horn. The Andrea Doria did not properly use charts and radar to plot their course and failed to notice the course of the Stockholm because of this. Additionally, they did not follow the general rule of turning to avoid a collision, and turned the opposite way from what they should have if they had followed those rules. They also did not have sea water in their empty fuel tanks to preserve proper ballast, and it appears that a watertight door was missing from the ship. The Stockholm and the Andrea Doria were both experiencing different weather conditions at the same time, which added to the issue. The Stockholm also made errors regarding the radar. This was a very detailed book, which I greatly appreciated. I had heard of the Andrea Doria, but for some reason, I had it meshed in my mind as being the one at the bottom of one of the Great Lakes? I had my facts all messed up, so I learned a great deal from this book about both ships and the incident. This was a really good book. (I have the Audible version.)