Xenophon (Ancient Greek Ξενοφῶν, Modern Greek Ξενοφώντας; ca. 431 – 355 BC), son of Gryllus, of the deme Erchia of Athens, was a soldier, mercenary and a contemporary and admirer of Socrates. He is known for his writings on the history of his own times, preserving the sayings of Socrates, and the life of ancient Greece.
Historical and biographical works: Anabasis (or The Persian Expedition) Cyropaedia Hellenica Agesilaus
Socratic works and dialogues: Memorabilia Oeconomicus Symposium Apology Hiero
Short treatises: On Horsemanship The Cavalry General Hunting with Dogs Ways and Means Constitution of Sparta
Xenophon really liked writing about himself in third person. Fun book detailing the exploits of a 10,000 strong army stranded in the middle of the persian empire after their benefactor's attempted coup goes wrong. I assume Xenophon exaggerated his own contributions (did he really spit out 10 page long speeches off the cuff?) but an entertaining read and it shows what was and wasn't accepted in society back then.
Xenophons Anabasis is fascinating for the level of detail and depth it affords the reader into a series of events which, in any comprehensive history of the Achaemenid Empire and/or the Greek city states of the time, would have been probably nothing more than a footnote or a paragraph long description of a relatively unremarkable failed military campaign. The candid descriptions of life in the ancient Near East alternate from mundane and relatable to almost fantastical and alien. One moment the army is taking stock of rations, voting on their next course of action, or negotiating with local officials, the next they're pillaging towns and seizing "good looking lads" as concubines or documenting the discovery of even more ancient Assyrian ruins that Xenophon was unable to recognize the significance of in his time. Anyone interested in Classical Greece, or the Achaemenid Empire, or even just the ancient Near/Middle East in general should read this.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.