The funny thing about autobiographies, even when they're about distant lands and people we don't know much about, is that they're still subjective and personal. You can't write an autobiography that will present the entirety of the world around you objectively. You cannot represent your whole society all by your lonesome.
That being said, this is an account of the very early years spent by the author in Libya, France and Syria - but also the story of his father, an Arab who studied in France to get his ph.D. and who married a French woman.
The child Riad has a spark of intelligence, but is easily impressed by those around him - he can draw decently (no surprise there), he thinks his father is Amazing (even when, as adults, we realize he's definitely not) and tries to fit in with peers.
It might be said, though, that the emulation of other people's behavior is one of the themes of the novel. Little Riad is encouraged by the Syrian women in his family's circle to engage in violent play with other boys, and he finds it enjoyable. The children around him emulate adults' violent behavior. Ideas seem to travel around, transmitted from mind to mind.
His father comes across as sympathetic when we meet him - a young Syrian obsessed with becoming a "doctor", who wants to change the world back home. But after he gets married, obtains his degree and moves to Libya, then Syria, we come to see his refusal to notice the world around him as it is, and his idealism as empty. He ignores the cracks in the walls of his house, his children living in squalor, the violence of the society he grew up in (maybe precisely because he grew up in it).
The mother, however, is a silent figure - while she protests about the homes they end up living in, she says little about their moving to Syria, or staying there. We don't know about her dreams and desires, nor even about why she married him.
The Arab world is portrayed as bleak, violent, lacking in refinement and education. If there are undercurrents to it, we don't know them, as little Riad barely speaks the language, and is a constant outsider. It's an interesting outlook even so, especially as the author offers us not just his memories of what the world was like, but gives us more historical context, and an adult commentary on what he lived.