Walden West, published in 1961, is by general consensus the crowning achievement of the preternaturally prolific (upwards of 150 books published in his lifetime) Wisconsin writer August Derleth (1909-1971). Comprised of sketchbook essays that alternate between swooning nature reveries and depictions of hardscrabble Midwestern lives, Walden West implores us to recognize the world in a grain of sand. Derleth’s microcosm is Sac Prairie, a thinly veiled composite of his Sauk City birthplace and the adjacent village of Prairie du Sac in south central Wisconsin. Throughout his career, he periodically and methodically added to what he called his “Sac Prairie Saga,” which grew to include nearly forty volumes in multiple genres, from literary and historical novels to short stories, poetry, and journals.
Derleth is a conflicted revivalist in Walden West, seeking on the one hand to emulate the immediacy with which Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau responded to the natural world, while equally aware that he can’t escape the Freudian lens of twentieth century anxiety. Walden West vividly captures a small-town populace increasingly alienated from nature, yet shadowed by an innate, often unconscious, connection to its rhythms and splendor. Moreover, because of his abiding enthusiasm for the horror fiction of writer H. P. Lovecraft (1890-1937)―creator of a dark parallel New England as insular and morbid as Emerson’s and Thoreau’s was open-aired and optimistic―Derleth clearly understands that there is poetry to be found in even the darkest night of the soul.
The Concord-bred Transcendentalism of Emerson and Thoreau was never a systematic or fully articulated philosophy. Rather, it was a radical ideology of personal revelation meant to be experienced (and expressed) individual by individual; a democratizing and in the same breath an enshrinement of human consciousness and its capacity for insight and ecstasy. An innately American philosophy, in other words, presumptuously universal one moment, awkwardly personal the next. August Derleth works from a similar palette, while at the same time darkening the hues and adding shadows to paths that once seemed horizonless and flooded with light.