A ribald novel filled with menace and despair - like a bad Rabelaisian trip. That's what Aleshkovsky wrote in "Kangaroo." "Kangaroo" is a prolonged paean to freedom, and an at times hilarious indictment of the Communists who kill it. What Aleshkovsky shows is that political zealotry, an unshakable belief history is determined and that it points toward Communism, leads inexorably to a false reality, built of lies and reliant on terror. Solzhenitsyn argued that one of the problems with Communism - and this is true ultimately of all collectivist enterprises - is the lying becomes institutionalized, people survive only by lying and cheating. One sees how this spins out in "Kangaroo."
The novel is told in the first person, that of Fan Fanych, "an international crook," talking to his friend, Kolya. Fan is a Zelig-type character who at various times encounters Hitler in Munich and Stalin during the Yalta conference. All of this is wrapped up in his odyssey after he is tried and sentenced for a crime a computer devised, namely the "vicious rape and murder of an aged kangaroo in the Moscow Zoo on a night between July 14, 1789, and January 9, 1905." I first read "Kangaroo" in the 80s, read it a few times over the next ten years, and now returned for the first time in the new millennium. It remains as scary and funny as ever.
The jokes start right away. For example, the constantly changing photographs in Fan Fanych's "No. 3 (Deluxe)" cell of the "entire history of the revolutionary movement in Russia." Examples: "So-called famine in the Ukraine," "Stalin crying bitterly over Kirov's corpse," "Zdhanov burning Anna Akhmatov's poetry," etc. (etcetera also being one of Fan's aliases).
- A recurring character is the woman who sells Fan beer on a Moscow street corner, always ripping him off so at one point he pretends he asked, "please, just foam."
- He apologizes to wolves, sharks and rats for calling Bolsheviks "wolves," "sharks," and "rats."
- Eventually, Fan is moved to a camp as he demanded with "those who stormed the Winter Palace" (a lie made famous in an Eisenstein movie) and some of Lenin's closest cronies. They remain committed Bolsheviks in their frozen prison where they must eat slop and spend their days killing rats. At one point he laments the old deluded Communists, "just wanted to get me interested in studying Party history, which was the equivalent of liquidating me, and maybe even more effective."
- Aleshkovsky describes the USSR as an attempt to "turn the old world inside out" based on the ravings of "Karpo Marx." "I tell you, Kolya, you should never turn anything. I certainly don't want to get to the Last Judgment to find me and Karpo Marx accused of trying to change the world. No thanks! The world doesn't forgive men who try to turn it inside out."
- He describes the USSR during the terrible time of WWII, and how the Bolsheviks on top never pay a price. "So I'm traveling through the length and breadth of our boundless motherland. I see some people suffering, burying their families, swelling up from starvation, searching for food in the fields and factories and camps twenty hours a day. And other people just stuff themselves, they swallow up sausages and bank notes and foreign currency and gold and diamonds. Now I can see the monolithic unity of the Soviet people: it's misery, Kolya, sheer misery. The whole thing's fucked."
- At Yalta, Stalin must deal with his right foot which, to the chagrin of the left, snipes at Stalin that "you're an asshole and a shit and soon you will die."
- It helps to know Soviet history, as Aleshkovsky makes jokes about that throughout. At one point he rejiggers a famous Bolshevik slogan from before their 1917 coup saying, "but here...I'm sorry, all power belongs to the soviets."
- In the end, freed from the camp after Krushchyev takes power, Fan has joyous, drunken days in Moscow where he seeks out Kidalla, the KGB man with whom he'd had a relationship and who supervised his case, and even the zookeeper. "Greed has finished off more than one crook, you know," he tells Kolya. "And one day it's going to do in Soviet power - sucking people's blood just for laughs, destroying innocent souls, wearing out their strength and keeping the human spirit humiliated for half a century."
Aleshkovsky taught me as an undergraduate and I've always had a soft spot for him. My Russian was atrocious but Yuz liked me and we would sit sometimes on the steps of the Russian House with a bottle of vodka. As our drinking progressed, Yuz would harmlessly ogle the coeds (who couldn't hear or understand him anyway) and eventually drift into despair for Russia. "Yata," he'd tell me, "you have it soooo good - you're young, there are pretty women all around....But, my God, oh, it's so awful, Yata, you can't imagine. Just nuke them."
That was the vodka talking, of course, but his pain struck home. As it does in "Kangaroo." Absolutely highly recommended.