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Los empeños de una casa

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Juana Inés de la Cruz

264 books322 followers
Juana Inés de la Cruz was born in a town in the Valley of Mexico to a Creole mother Isabel Ramírez and a Spanish military father, Pedro Manuel de Asbaje. As a child, she learned Nahuatl (Uto-Aztec language spoken in Mexico and Central America) and read and write Spanish in the middle of three years. Thanks to her grandfather's lush library, Juana Inés de la Cruz read the Greek and Roman classics and the theology of the time, she learned Latin in a self-taught way. In 1665, admired for her talent and precocity, she was lady-in-waiting to Leonor Carreto, wife of Viceroy Antonio Sebastián de Toledo. Sponsored by the Marquises of Mancera, she shone in the viceregal court of New Spain for her erudition and versifying ability. In 1667, Juana Inés de la Cruz entered a convent of the Discalced Carmelites of Mexico but soon had to leave due to health problems. Two years later she entered the Order of St. Jerome, remaining there for the rest of her life and being visited by the most illustrious personalities of the time. She had several drawbacks to her activity as a writer, a fact that was frowned upon at the time and that Juana Inés de la Cruz always defended, claiming the right of women to learn. Shortly before her death, she was forced by her confessor to get rid of her library and her collection of musical and scientific instruments so as not to have problems with the Holy Inquisition, very active at that time. She died of a cholera epidemic at the age of forty-three, while helping her sick companions. The emergence of Sor Juana De La Cruz in the late seventeenth century was a cultural miracle and her whole life was a constant effort of stubborn personal and intellectual improvement.

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Displaying 1 of 1 review
Profile Image for Raúl.
Author 10 books60 followers
June 27, 2025
No es una obra brillantísima Los empeños de una casa, ni desde el punto de vista dramatúrgico ni desde el lírico. Lo mejor de su texto es que crea una fiesta barroca, en que a la obra propiamente dicha en tres jornadas, suma un prólogo y epílogo musical con figuras alegóricas en honor de los virreyes de México, asistentes a la función. Y que entres los actos encontramos en ambos casos una letrilla elogiosa, dedicada a los virreyes, y un pequeño sainete, el con la particularidad de que en el de segundo a tercera jornada dse expone una situación metateatral en que se hace chufla del presunto autor de la pieza. Tenemos así el juego de que la obra es realmente un a propósito de la comedia española y una imitación de sus tópicos. Los amores cruzados, el enredo y el malentendido la llenan, con el equívoco aumentado por la oscuridad y la confusión de personalidades por el vestuario, llegando incluso al travestismo y añadiendo, en el caso de los criados, una actitud que roza la rebeldía contra sus inconscientes e infantiles amos.

La casa (quitando una escena en el primer acto fuera de contexto y alguna incongruencia) es el gran eje de esta obra, y se muestra polimórfica, se metamorfosea y al final impone, tras los cambios producidos por el equívoco, su lógica inflexible como constructo legal cuyas reglas se deben cumplir.

Una obra de Sor Juana que por su valor revulsivo y si metateatralidad sigue muy viva.
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