Special Edition Using SQL provides a comprehensive walk through of the SQL language. At the same time, this book is a useful reference to someone who is already an experienced database user and SQL programmer. It includes lots of information that will help you build, maintain, and manage a database. Topics covered include Database Design, Aggregating Query Results, Organizing Query Results, Real World Issues, Database Performance and Integrity, Database Security, Transactions, Stored Procedures, Database Management, Writing a Custom Loader in Perl, ODBC, DBI/DBD, JDBC, Web Publishing, and Tools for Web Publishing.
This is my favorite introduction to SQL - it gives a clear explanation of how to set up a database without being overly dogmatic. It explains the core concepts of relational databases and what SQL is doing, in addition to going into the specifics of SQL syntax.
As I write this review, the book is nearly 20 years old, so obviously any details about specific databases should at this point be completely ignored. However, it's still in print and also available used for next to nothing!