These 49 talks, written & in part delivered by Orwell from 12/20/41, to 3/13/1943, over the BBC, were designed to counter the lies & misrepresentations being broadcast via Axis radio stations. West has restored most of the passages that were deleted by the Ministry of Information censor & provides clarifying footnotes, some of which identify clear foreshadowings of the novelist's Nineteen Eighty-Four. Orwell not only reported on weekly developments in the main theaters of war but on campaigns such as the invasion of Madagascar & early raids on the coast of Europe. The commentaries are followed by an appendix containing a selection of Axis broadcasts, including a German account of the British victory at El-Alamein & a talk by "Lord Haw-Haw" on the Communist threat to Great Britain. Admirers of Orwell will be interested to see how a writer of his stature perceived the war as it progressed week by week. The texts of his talks & the Axis broadcasts in the appendix provide a rare look at a propaganda war.
Eric Arthur Blair was an English novelist, poet, essayist, journalist and critic who wrote under the pen name of George Orwell. His work is characterised by lucid prose, social criticism, opposition to all totalitarianism (both fascism and stalinism), and support of democratic socialism.
Orwell is best known for his allegorical novella Animal Farm (1945) and the dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), although his works also encompass literary criticism, poetry, fiction and polemical journalism. His non-fiction works, including The Road to Wigan Pier (1937), documenting his experience of working-class life in the industrial north of England, and Homage to Catalonia (1938), an account of his experiences soldiering for the Republican faction of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939), are as critically respected as his essays on politics, literature, language and culture.
Orwell's work remains influential in popular culture and in political culture, and the adjective "Orwellian"—describing totalitarian and authoritarian social practices—is part of the English language, like many of his neologisms, such as "Big Brother", "Thought Police", "Room 101", "Newspeak", "memory hole", "doublethink", and "thoughtcrime". In 2008, The Times named Orwell the second-greatest British writer since 1945.
This is the propaganda Orwell was working on during his time at the BBC, for broadcast to India, and it's bad, very bad, bombastic, patronising and blandly written. Interesting only for those who want to explode the tedious Saint George cult (as if his naming names wasn't enough) or for fans of Nineteen Eighty-Four who want to find its roots in Orwell's own day job and his deep self-hatred (all the praise of Stalin here must have eaten him up especially). Even some of the same phrases are used - 'bringing the war within measurable distance of its end victory!' - as those in the telescreen broadcasts in that book.
"De una carta de Lady Oxford al Daily Telegraph, sobre la cuestión de la economía de guerra:
Como la mayoría de las casas de Londres están abandonadas, hay pocas diversiones. […] En cualquier caso, la mayoría de los habitantes ha tenido que prescindir de sus cocineras e irse a vivir a los hoteles.
Por lo visto, nada ni nadie podrá enseñar nunca a este gente que el otro noventa y nueve por ciento de la población existe". 3 de junio de 1940
"Siempre, cuando camino por las estaciones de metro, me enferma la publicidad, las estúpidas caras que te miran y los estridentes colores, la general y frenética lucha por inducir a la gente a que gaste trabajo y material consumiendo inútiles lujos o dañinas drogas"
14 de junio de 1940
"No es que quiera morir, claro: tengo mucho por lo que vivir, a pesar de la mala salud y de no tener hijos" 24 de junio de 1940
Me gusta como se va describiendo la entrada en guerra, desde la inicial indiferencia al peligro, las primeras medidas, la aceptación, los conflictos entre si usar máscara de gas o no, este diario de 1940-1942, me hizo recordar mi 2020-2022, solo que la duda era sobre usar mascarilla, no máscara antigas y uno estaba encerrado en su casa, no en un refugio subterráneo.
Sensibilidad adelantada a su época para preocuparse de como sufrían los perros durante los bombardeos, incluido el suyo, llamado Marx. Varios nombres censurados o con siglas sin identificar, al menos en mi edición, así que no se puede saber la identidad de muchos de los que apoyaban al nazismo o despreciaban a los judíos.
Cuando describe su trabajo en la BBC: "El ambiente es una mezcla entre una escuela para señoritas y un asilo de lunáticos, y todo lo que hacemos en este momento es inútil, o un poco peor que inútil" (14 de marzo de 1942) Sorprende la cantidad de rumores, que ahora nos parecen absurdos: que Rusia solo tendrán una guerra ficticia con Alemania, que Japón invadirá Rusia, que Alemania le prometió su independencia a la India, una posible invasión inglesa a España etc.
Curiosidades como cuando cuenta que Wells le dijo que era "una mierda" y la vergonzosa cobardía de la Iglesia a favor del Eje (27 de marzo de 1942) o las críticas a Gandhi (3 de abril de 1942). También las dudas sobre la masacre de Lidice, que no tuvo en cuenta Binet para su libro, al menos de lo que recuerdo.
Con este diario me doy cuenta que Orwell sigue siendo un autor clásico poco conocido y quizás hasta incomprendido. Con un vida extraordinaria y sin la pose de otros en esa onda como Hemingway.
An interesting book if one is in the business of influencing the public. Orwell wrote scripts and did commentary for the BBC Radios India service. So he was fighting the propaganda war with the Japanese. Sections of the Indian public were not so much pro-Japanese as anti-Empire so he did have hearts and minds to capture. The way he did this was to be about as honest as he could be about the progress of the war. The writing is fluid and measured. His insights into the grand strategy of the war is as good anything written with 50 years hindsight.
Orwell da una buena idea sobre la situación en la India, el efecto de Dunkerke, las repercusiones de Barbarroja y la moral de Inglaterra en esa época. Recomendado.
This book is a collection of news briefings written by Orwell, which were to be broadcast in India during World War II. At the time there was a concern that the propaganda being produced by the Axis powers would harm Indian support for the war effort. On a weekly basis Orwell was provided with translations of current Axis propaganda with a summaries of the actual war situation, from which he would produce his news briefings. It was during this period that he became exposed to the wealth of propaganda which could be used to manipulate a society. He used this experience, as well as the information of the treatment of Japanese and German occupied countries as a foundation for the depiction of societies and propaganda in "Animal Farm" and "1984". Overall a good read which provides some very insightful assessments of the progress of WWII.
A fascinating story about how Eric Blair was employed by the BBC to broadcast to India during the Second World War. It's a story of contradictions: Orwell believed in Indian independence, yet his role was to convince the Indians that they were better of under British rule than they would be if they were 'liberated' by the Japanese.
An honest man, Orwell had to lie, or at least fudge the truth, in order to get the approved story across. Mind you, reading these broadcasts I am struck at how honest the government was in reporting setbacks and outright defeats.
The other cross that Orwell had to bear was that he detested Stalin and Stalinism, and yet Russia was the great ally whose exploits had to be praised to the skies. His teeth must have been firmly gritted as he read out some of the reports.
El genio literario de Orwell, su compromiso político, sus dotes de observación y análisis de la situación mundial, inclusive algunas posturas (propias de la época) abiertamente racistas (la aseveración etnocentrista de que "los europeos son una raza superior a los turcos"). Todo está aquí y nos ayuda a conocer mejor al autor que fue George Orwell.
La gente de Sexto Piso hizo un buen trabajo (aunque no impecable en términos editoriales). Sin duda una cronología de cómo se vivió la Segunda Guerra Mundial en Inglaterra (de 1940 a 1942) hubiera sido de gran ayuda para entender mucho mejor lo que es narrado en el volumen. Una grata adición a las obras de Orwell en español: excelente formato y a un buen precio.
Fascinating lecture. Orwell describes its everyday perception about the development of the Second World War as news unfold. Gradual changes in Londoners actions, day to day advances in the French and North African battles, as well as political moves in the UK and India.
This books submerges the reader in the slow development of a war from the point of view of a culturally-informed and critic citizen. Orwell asses news as they arrive and tries to extract information about what is really happening in a time when the public in London shifts from non concern to hysteria regarding the war.
La verdad es que este diario me ha gustado mucho. No es un diario íntimo, sino de guerra, con los acontecimientos que Orwell considera narran el transcurso de dos períodos de ésta. Es muy interesante entrar en ese tipo de intimidad que no es tan explorada: cuáles son los intereses históricos y políticos en el momento en que suceden. Sobre todo, siendo Orwell una persona tan interesada en la política y que llega a ser corresponsal de la BBC para dar y expedir reportes y propaganda, su mirada hacia su presente es muy reveladora: cómo funciona el aparato propagandístico, la ridiculez de agentes políticos que hoy en día son considerados héroes, la cotidianidad de los bombardeos, actos cívicos deplorables, los diferentes periódicos y sus corrientes políticas, los procesos de independencia de la India (y su injerencia alemana), etc.
Este diario saca esta época de la era mítica en que hoy en día son colocados por las clases de historia, y las traen a lo humano.
Tal vez mi error fue interesarme por este libro. Ocurre que lo que yo necesitaba (o creia que necesitaba, o creia que debia) era leer una de sus obras cumbres (Rebelion en la Granja o 1984) Y como no queria hacerlo, entonces, me interese por este "otro" libro de Orwell que si me interesaba por tratarse de la Segunda Guerra (por aquellos dias, mi mayor tema de lectura) Y asi fue como fue a parar con este libro que es un chasco. Ni Orwell lo leeria.
Interessante quadro "dal vivo" sull'esperienza della guerra inglese. È particolarmente sconvolgente leggere come anche chi è universalmente considerato uno dei più brillanti analisti politici del Novecento abbia sbagliato ogni previsione!