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Adevărurile cucerite cu trudă şi convingere de Galilei în munca sa de om de ştiinţă liber s-au întors împotriva lui, fiindu-i imputate nu ca erori ştiinţifice, ci ca vini morale cu relevanţă penală. Nefasta împreunare dintre puterea religioasă şi cea politică îşi arogase dreptul de a decide ceea ce nu putea în fapt decide, anume falsitatea în materie de credinţă a ceea ce un om de ştiinţă gândeşte, raţional şi coerent, că este adevărat în materie de natură. Învinovăţind moral o convingere privitoare la adevarul unei descoperiri ştiinţifice şi al unor date verificate ştiinţific, se interzicea totodată, de frică, folosirea lor, dar şi consecinţele lor posibile şi mai ales implicaţiile lor religioase şi politice. Iar în încercarea sa extremă de a evita acele posibile implicaţii, Inchiziţia a decis să-i interzică lui Galilei de a mai crede în acele date, şi de aceea i-a impus, cum în anume locuri şi timpuri li s-a mai impus şi li se mai impune încă oamnilor de ştiinţă, să nu accepte ca fiind adevărat ceea ce el considera că este adevărat, să nu numească pe faţă lucrurile cu cuvintele în care le gândea el, ajungând asfel la cea mai neautentică şi umilitoare formă de gândire: conştiinţa apăsătoare de a te minţi pe tine însuţi. (Giorgio STABILE)

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First published January 1, 2010

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Galileo Galilei

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Galileo Galilei was a Tuscan (Italian) physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations, and support for Copernicanism. Galileo has been called the "father of modern observational astronomy", the "father of modern physics", the "father of science", and "the Father of Modern Science." The motion of uniformly accelerated objects, taught in nearly all high school and introductory college physics courses, was studied by Galileo as the subject of kinematics. His contributions to observational astronomy include the telescopic confirmation of the phases of Venus, the discovery of the four largest satellites of Jupiter, named the Galilean moons in his honour, and the observation and analysis of sunspots. Galileo also worked in applied science and technology, improving compass design.

Galileo's championing of Copernicanism was controversial within his lifetime. The geocentric view had been dominant since the time of Aristotle, and the controversy engendered by Galileo's presentation of heliocentrism as proven fact resulted in the Catholic Church's prohibiting its advocacy as empirically proven fact, because it was not empirically proven at the time and was contrary to the literal meaning of Scripture. Galileo was eventually forced to recant his heliocentrism and spent the last years of his life under house arrest on orders of the Roman Inquisition.

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