Toward the middle of John Dalton’s Heaven Lake, Vincent Saunders reflects that “a line of experience was taking shape.” A young “Jesus teacher” from Red Bud, Illinois, Vincent travels to the small village of Toulio, Taiwan, to teach English and convert locals. Dalton’s narrative chronicles Vincent’s physical and spiritual journey from Illinois to Toulio, from Hong Kong to Urumchi, and, finally, from Urumchi back to Toulio. In many ways, Heaven Lake is a travel narrative, one featuring an unlikely, often unlikable, protagonist who encounters a series of devastations and disappointments during his voyages.
Vincent arrives in Toulio in 1989, four months after the tragedy at Tiananmen Square. He is filled with naïve optimism and the desire to please Reverend Phillips, the teacher who trained him in Taipei. With Vincent, Dalton constructs a complex character, one who can be impetuous and colonizing and oblivious to the consequences of his actions. Growing up in a religious family and a small, Midwestern town, Vincent wends his way toward sexual maturity. In Illinois, he chose not to consummate his relationship with his childhood sweetheart, but in Toulio he eventually comes to instruct Trudy, an odd, displaced student of his, both in matters of English and sex. Trudy is the aggressor, and Vincent lets her draw a new “line of experience,” one that leads Vincent to the next part of his voyage: a struggle with faith and honesty.
To complicate matters, Vincent becomes involved with Mr. Gwa, a Taiwanese businessman and quasi underground-world figure. Gwa wants to pay Vincent to travel from Toulio to Urumchi and marry Kai-ling, with whom Vincent thinks Gwa is in love. At that time, Taiwanese citizens couldn’t marry Mainland Chinese in China. Gwa explains to Vincent, “There’s no law against it, but there’s no procedure, no paperwork, no communication on either side that would make such a marriage possible.” Gwa’s plan: Vincent will marry Kai-ling in Urumchi and return with her to Toulio, where they will dissolve the marriage and then Gwa will marry Kai-ling.
At first Vincent refuses, but after Trudy’s brother finds out about Vincent and his sister, severely beats Vincent, and promises nightly beatings as long as Vincent remains in Toulio, he accepts Gwa’s offer. Following the beating, Vincent adopts an extremely malleable relationship with the truth. He lies to dampen the fallout from his actions and contorts the truth for convenience. He needs to leave Toulio immediately, but he doesn’t want to be disgraced. When he writes a letter to Reverend Phillips to explain why he’s abandoning his missionary post, he pledges “to compose this letter with as much honesty as circumstances allowed.” Earlier in the novel, Vincent realizes that “I could come to believe almost anything I say or do.”
Heaven Lake is divided into five parts. Vincent starts his voyage across Mainland China in the novel’s third part, and this is where Vincent loses his boyish naivete as he gradually awakens to the world’s horrors and inequalities. Dalton renders Vincent’s voyages across the Mainland with beautiful, lyrical prose. This third section of Heaven Lake contains some of the most memorable writing about place I’ve ever read. For many readers, Mainland China in the late ‘80s/early ‘90s is exotic, unfamiliar terrain. Dalton points out, “Just as places, regions, cities differed from one another in elevation and climate and population, so, too, did they vary in terms of a distinct, self-evident, and shared sense of well-being.” Vincent’s journey takes him to Lanzhou in west-central China, “the most unhappy place he had ever visited” and ultimately to Urumchi. Vincent remarks that Urumchi “wasn’t a city that harbored much real interest in liability or personal suffering.”
By the time he reaches Urumchi, Vincent has shed most of his optimism; in its place, a weary disillusionment. “He did not know where this new brand of cynicism was leading him; if to a remote, closed-hearted place, then fine, he thought so be it.” His time in Urumchi, and his sham courting of Kai-ling also doesn’t unfold the way Vincent expected. Vincent discovers that Kai-ling doesn’t love Gwa and is engaged to another young man. Vincent has to explain this situation to Gwa via a series of telexes, and his initial job as Kai-ling’s faux suitor expands into myriad roles: “family adviser, a schemer, a debt collector, a hanger-on.”
When Kai-ling rejects Vincent/Gwa’s marriage offer, this draws another complicated line of experience for Vincent. The events that transpire during Vincent’s remaining time in Urumchi and his trip back to Toulio make him realize “It’s a grayer, more complicated world than I ever imagined.” Heaven Lake isn’t so much a coming-of-age novel as a narrative that pulverizes an entitled youth oblivious to his white privilege. There’s also redemption, and even love, for Vincent by the end of the novel. Vincent re-evaluates his faith, and his travels have opened him to a more realistic sense of wonder. “You could occasionally be awed by the mystery. You could sometimes love the mystery as devoutly as the believers loved their gods.”
Dalton is an outstanding fiction writer who explores desire, faith, and truth through complicated, unforgettable characters and gorgeous, evocative prose. Perhaps his ultimate authorial gift is the unflinching manner in which he asks readers to confront the consequences of their own desires and actions. He often seems to ask, What would you do if you were Vincent? How would you make amends and take responsibility if you had fucked up in ways that had irreversible effects on the lives of others?