Before Bioethics: A History of American Medical Ethics from the Colonial Period to the Bioethics Revolution

by Robert Baker

Before Bioethics narrates the history of American medical ethics from its colonial origins to current bioethical controversies over abortion, AIDS, animal rights, and physician-assisted suicide. This comprehensive history tracks the evolution of American medical ethics over four centuries, from colonial midwives and physicians' oaths to medical society codes, through the bioethics revolution. Applying the concept of "morally disruptive technologies," it analyzes the impact of the stethoscope on conceptions of fetal life and the criminalization of abortion, and the impact of the ventilator on our conception of death and the treatment of the dying. The narrative offers tales of those whose lives were affected by the medical ethics of their era: unwed mothers executed by puritans because midwives found them with stillborn babies; the unlikely trio-an Irishman, a Sephardic Jew and in-the-closet gay public health reformer-who drafted the American Medical Association's code of ethics but received no credit for their achievement, and the founder of American gynecology celebrated during his own era but condemned today because he perfected his surgical procedures on un-anesthetized African American slave women. The book concludes by exploring the reasons underlying American society's empowerment of a hodgepodge of ex-theologians, humanist clinicians and researchers, lawyers and philosophers-the bioethicists-as authorities able to address research ethics scandals and the ethical problems generated by morally disruptive technologies.

To access the companion website for Before Bioethics: A History of American Medical Ethics from the Colonial Period to the Bioethics Revolution, please visit: http: //global.oup.com/us/companion.websites/...

496 pages, Hardcover

First published January 1, 2013

About the author

Robert Baker is William D. Williams Professor of Philosophy at Union College in Schenectady, New York, and Professor of Bioethics and Founding Director (Emeritus) of the Bioethics Program at Clarkson University–Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City. He is the author of Before Bioethics: A History of American Medical Ethics.

Reviews

[Eileen Johnson · Rating 5 out of 5]

Incredibly interesting. My favorite book by Baker.

[Laurie · Rating 5 out of 5]

This is an outstanding and eminently readable account of the issues and problems that moved control of medical ethics from the hands of reluctant physicians to the humanist philosophers and theologians who created the field of bioethics as it is today. It is fascinating and engaging, and, while I read it as a class text. it reads as a compelling narrative, and works for a professional or a lay audience.