Najbolj popularno delo pisatelja Karla Maya, ki je imelo vpliv s strani Harriet Beecher Stowe, je zgodba o mladem apaškem poglavarju, ki jo pripoveduje njegov bledokoži prijatelj in krvni brat Old Shatterhand. Odvija se na jugozahodu Združenih držav v zadnji četrtini devetnajstega stoletja, ko je indijanski način življenja ogrožen s prvo čezkontinentalno železnico. Vinetou, edini indijanski poglavar, ki bi lahko združil različna rivalska plemena, je umorjen. Njegova tragična smrt napoveduje smrt celotne rase.
Osnovna Mayeva tema v tem delu - kot tudi v drugih delih - je razmerje med agresijo, rasizmom in versko nestrpnostjo.
Karl Friedrich May (also Karol May) was one of the best selling German writers of all time, noted mainly for books set in the American Old West, (best known for the characters of Winnetou and Old Shatterhand) and similar books set in the Orient and Middle East. In addition, he wrote stories set in his native Germany, in China and in South America.
May also wrote poetry and several plays, as well as composing music; he was proficient with several musical instruments. May's musical version of "Ave Maria" became very well known.