Richard III by William Shakespeare
There are multiple adaptations of Richard III – one of the latest has Ian McKellen portraying the infamous king as a Nazi dictator, although the swastika is changed into a different symbol, with the intention perhaps to make the symbol more general, standing in for any tyranny.
In the world we have today, Richard III would make many listeners, viewers or readers of the play think of the Orange Donald, who, although not as villainous as the Duke of Gloucester – at least not openly – but given that he leads the most powerful nation on earth, his nefarious ways would have much more impact.
“Now is the winter of our discontent
Made glorious summer by this sun of York;
And all the clouds that lour'd upon our house
In the deep bosom of the ocean buried.”
These are some of the greatest lines ever written and rendered by Laurence Olivier, in the Old Vic Theater production, they become glorious- they are probably available on the BBC site.
It is a sign of progress – perhaps – but also an indication that the world is changing in some bizarre direction to see that works of Shakespeare are – if not yet banned – marked by some politically correct activists for different causes.
Richard III is one of the ultimate negative heroes, a Super Villain, for he declares his intentions openly, early on: I am determined to prove a villain and hate the idle pleasures of these days.
Perhaps one of the most extraordinary scenes is the one in which the Duke of Gloucester seduces the widow of the man he had killed, although she rejects and spits on him to begin with.
Some would see this as the measure of the infamy of this evil, vicious, perverted man, while others could condemn the ease with which the woman transforms from a grieving, suffering human being to a companion for a murderer.
Richard, Duke of Gloucester insists that his love for Lady Anne Neville alone, widow of Edward of Westminster, is the reason why he acted as he did and therefore he should be not just forgiven, but promoted to her bedchamber.
No matter what we feel about the hero – who is one of the most loathsome, despicable, abominable, abhorrent (and the list can go on) characters in literature – the act of conquering Anne Neville is also one of the most shocking one can read about.
There is of course the image of Henry VIII – together with some other exemplary dark knights, agent of evil – who has killed not only a few of his many wives, but so many of his opponents, those who resisted his change of religion.
To get the ultimate power, ascend on the throne of England, the repugnant, vile Duke of Gloucester is prepare to do anything, kill his relatives, the children who might later threaten and challenge his legitimacy…
“Conscience is but a word that cowards use,
Devised at first to keep the strong in awe.”
If we think about history in contemporary terms, we could think about fake news and the values that people fight for today- for instance the aforementioned of the free, democratic world is a sad modern version of Richard III:
The Donald loves tyrants like Kim of North Korea, Xi and Putin – examples come from other places: Duterte or Abdel Fatah al-Sisi – expresses admiration for their intelligence and their hold on power, for he would like to be elected for life in the United States.
The values have been distorted, as Richard III dismissed conscience, truth, insisting on what we call now “fake news”, with people divided into two camps- those who support Trump are willing to accept him if he shoots someone on the street, while the rest have already had enough to wish him gone for good.
“And thus I clothe my naked villany
With old odd ends stolen out of holy writ;
And seem a saint, when most I play the devil.”
The above lines are about Richard III, but they could well describe Donald Trump, Vladimir Putin, Xi Jinping, Eduardo Duterte, Maduro, Erdogan, Kim Jong Un and so many others.
Recently, the remains of the former, vile king Richard III have been found in a parking lot, somewhere in Great Britain