What an enchanting story! This book has really made me wonder if I’ve been sleeping on historical fiction as a genre. It has been on my bookshelf for years, and i had no idea Jorasanko was about the Tagores. Nothing on the cover gives that impression (except maybe the review quote, which i neglected to read).
I think it’s really important to shift the focus away from acclaimed and celebrated men and shine it on those social structures, practices and women that made it possible for them to become great. And, of course, to know and understand these women in their own right. The author has done a great job demystifying the great Dwarkanath, Debendranath and Rabindranath, and shown us that, though we hail them in textbooks as incredible progressive men, they condoned appalling habits and practices. The book begins with the marriage of a 6-year old Genu wrapped in a silk saree and jewels. The author doesn’t show contempt or shock explicitly, and so it is up to us, as readers, to really understand the implications of these words. The women of the Tagore house live inside the abarodh (zenana) and they’re strictly forbidden from leaving it (so much so that it’s a celebrated fact that even the sun cannot witness them in life). The author and even the characters often use the words “inmates of Jorasanko” to describe these women, and that is so interesting as a subtle reproach.
Genu’s story is initially inspiring and i was especially enamoured by her invention of the nivi drape. When i read up on it, i found that most women of the abarodh, up until this time, used to wear sarees without undergarments since no males were allowed to enter and the women themselves wouldn’t step out at all. It’s so baffling now to imagine such a time. But anyway, as Genu matures, we see her become overbearing, despotic and controlling. We see how she seeks to influence all her brothers-in-law, and looks down upon the women in the Tagore household. Her dynamic of silent rivalry and contempt with Kadambari was so interesting to read. We see women like Swarnakumari and Sarala really strike out on their own, while those like Prafulla, Kadambari and Mrinalini suffer the neglect of their husbands and live such difficult lives. Sarada upholds the status quo while Jnanada works tirelessly to subvert it, and they compete with one another using jewels and men as their tools. I think what really stood out to me was the way relationships and feelings became so magnified and disfigured in the abarodh due to the restrictions and pathology of control, that breaking free was not just a physical act, but a social and emotional one too, taking whole lifetimes.
I really liked the court battle between Debendranath and Tripura Sundari, because it brought to the fore how even progressive figures from the 19th century found it so difficult to fathom why a woman might seek to control her own finances and live freely. We see so many shades of progressiveness in the characters (both men and women), yet they all carry their own peculiar conservative strains.
As for its biggest achievement, i think this book really made me see the great Rabindranath Tagore in a new light altogether. Since this book decenters from him, we see how he is often selfish, indifferent and cold towards his wife without so much as a thought. Sometimes he is shown as incredibly subversive and other times as being passive and giving into social pressures like child marriage and dowry. When Mrinalini falls sick and it doesn’t occur to him to go see her despite several pleas, we see how he repeats Jyotirindra’s mistakes and brings upon her the same fate as her beloved sister-in-law Kadambari. My heart broke for these women, over and over. This is an important book, and a well-written and enjoyable one at that.