"Despite all our propaganda attempts to convince you otherwise, AI is alarmingly easy to produce; the human brain isn’t unique, it isn’t well-tuned, and you don’t need eighty billion neurons joined in an asynchronous network in order to generate consciousness. And although it looks like a good idea to a naive observer, in practice it’s absolutely deadly."
This is Charles Stross' 2002 short story collection. (Expanded in 2005 to include "Lobsters".)
"Antibodies" (2000) -- A mathematician publishes a proof that can render all encryption algorithms ineffective. Suddenly, low-functioning AI can bootstrap itself to the next level, which means a technological singularity must be just around the corner.
"Bear Trap" (2000) -- After the Singularity, humanity lives in uneasy subjugation to a bewildering variety of sentient AI lifeforms. Stock speculator Alain Blomenfeld is on the run from many of them, having sparked an intergalactic bear market that has plunged the cosmos into financial ruin. His life depends on being able to differentiate between human and construct, reality and unreality.
"Extracts from the Club Diary" (1998) -- In Victorian England, at a dinner party hosted by Oscar Wilde, two men form a gentlemen's club of coffee fanatics. The club exists in secret for 130 years, working on ways to create the perfect brew. Along the way, they revolutionize science, aviation, and weapons of war. However, nature's most perfect coffee bush may wipe out all humankind eventually…
"A Colder War" (2000) -- In this alternate history, Nazis discover an Elder Thing under the ice shelf in Antarctica, along with a gate that connects our world to Lovecraft's Dreamlands. This story has an interesting premise--How would the events of "At the Mountains of Madness" have changed our history?--but it falls flat. Most of the narrative is given to detailing a new variation of the Iran-Contra Affair.
"TOAST: A Con Report" (1998) -- In the mid-2030's, old hackers gather to reminisce about the beginning of the computer revolution. Some of them choose to use nanotechnology to create new bodies with conscious continuity to their current selves. This story predicts wearables, 3D printing, IoT, and internet addiction--all escalated into the realm of absurdity.
"Ship of Fools" (1995) -- On December 31, 1999, a group of IT professionals take a Caribbean cruise to wait out the collapse of civilization when the mainframes fail. This is a fun story, and it captures the various aspects of Y2K hysteria that I remember.
"Dechlorinating the Moderator" (1996) -- After we max out the potential of computers and biotech, the next hot trend will be particle physics. This humorous near-future piece imagines out-of-control conventions where whiz-kids build pocket universes and study subatomic particles with half-lives of a billionth of a second.
"Yellow Snow" (1990) -- A twenty-first century drug dealer alters his genes to produce heroin in his urine and travels back in time to 1984. He expects to get rich, but he finds himself in a parallel universe where drugs, abortion, and "anything you want to do to yourself in private" have been legal since 1933. Written in the cyberpunk style made popular by William Gibson.
"Big Brother Iron" (2002) -- The People's Computer is compromised by a saboteur, causing a Party Member's shipment of heroin to go missing. O'Brien must find it or risk the Ministry of Love. This story is a sequel to George Orwell's 1984, set fifty years later. Orwell's horrifying totalitarian state has become bloated, corrupt, and lazy (based on Brezhnev's Russia).
"Lobsters" (2001) -- Manfred Macx is contacted by a rogue Moscow Windows NT User Group AI that has been hacked by digitized lobster brains in cyberspace… Don't worry, it all makes sense in the end. This novelette was voted one of the Top Ten of the 21st century by Locus Magazine. This is the original published version "tweaked slightly for 2000-era technologies", according to the author, not the rewritten version that forms the first chapter of the novel Accelerando.