Философия общего дела

by Nikolai Fyodorovich Fyodorov, Николай Федоров

Николай Федорович Федоров - русский религиозный мыслитель и философ, один из основоположников так называемого "русского космизма".
Современники называли Николая Федорова "московским Сократом ", лучшие умы эпохи - Л.Н.Толстой иФ.М. Достоевский - считали его гением. Федоров - автор философского проекта достижения бессмертия для всех живущих и воскрешения мертвых, один из первых философов, осмысливших взаимоотношения Человека и Космоса. Федорова чтили как предшественника и предсказателя своих открытий Вернадский, Циолковский и Королев. Когда в XX веке русский человек проложил дорогу в Космос, европейская пресса откликнулась на это событие статьей "Два Гагарина", напоминая о том, что Николай Федоров был незаконным сыном князя Гагарина. В историю философии Николай Федоров вошел как ниспровергатель классической немецкой философии, а также непримиримый оппонент Фридриха Ницше.

Genres: Philosophy, Russia, Religion, Nonfiction, Classics, Essays, History

752 pages, Hardcover

First published January 1, 1906

About the author

Nikolai Fyodorovich Fyodorov (Russian: Никола́й Фёдорович Фёдоров; surname also Anglicized as "Fedorov", June 9, 1829 – December 28, 1903) was a Russian Orthodox Christian philosopher, who was part of the Russian cosmism movement and a precursor of transhumanism. Fyodorov advocated radical life extension, physical immortality and even resurrection of the dead, using scientific methods.

Fyodorov's parents were the (noble) Pavel Ivanovich Gagarin and Elisaveta Ivanova, a woman of lower-class nobility.

He studied at the Richelieu Lyceum in Odessa. From 1854 to 1868, he served as a teacher in various small Russian towns. In 1878, he joined the Rumyantsev Museum staff as a librarian. Fyodorov opposed the idea of property of books and ideas and never published anything during his lifetime. His selected articles were printed posthumously with the title Philosophy of the Common Task (also known as Philosophy of Physical Resurrection).

Fyodorov was a futurist, who theorized about the eventual perfection of the human race and society (i.e., utopia), including radical ideas like immortality, revival of the dead, space and ocean colonization. His writings greatly influenced mystic Peter Uspensky. He also had direct contact with early rocket theorist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, who visited the library where he worked over a 3-year period. He was also known to Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoyevsky.

Leo Tolstoy had the highest opinion of Fyodorov. They were quite friendly, and shared many ideas in the 1880s and early 90s. But Fyodorov refused to see Tolstoy again after 1892, because of their ideological differences. That was the time of some food shortages in Russia because of poor harvest. Tolstoy published in the London Daily Telegraph an article accusing the Russian government of not doing enough for the peasants, which displeased many Russian conservatives.

While Fyodorov shared with Tolstoy many religious ideas, he was also a church-going Christian who cared very much for the Orthodox ritual observance. This was also a big stumbling block between them.

Reviews

[Felix Delong]

Fedorov is absolutely, right. A visionary. A way ahead of his time. The philosophy of common goal is the only path forward for humanity other than obliteration. Although the style is a bit dated and the Christian perspective is not really my cup of tea I feel a deep connection to the man. I just wish more people were thinking like this.

[Tom]

I see why SF authors name check Fedorov now. This is the good kind of crazy.

[Wilson]

A little inaccessible to me just because I know nothing about theology, but I still found it pretty engaging

[York]

Absolutely incoherent nonsense.

[Fernando Borretti]

The foresight to have written this in the 19th century is incredible.

[Невен Паштар]

Идеја (програм) Фјодорова је истински јединствена...Али, што рече Г. Флоровски: он је "пре свега својеглав него смео мислиоц." Због својеглавости 5.
Мада, има ту доста конфузије и понављања казаног...