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Globalization: Perak's Rise, Relative Decline, and Regeneration
Written by Sultan Nazrin Shah - the author of the highly acclaimed works Charting the Economy and Striving for Inclusive Development - this book is a pioneering study of the many economic and social changes in the natural resource-rich Malaysian state of Perak over the last two centuries.
When globalization first took hold and international trade networks broadened and deepened in the first half of the 19th century, and a new capitalist world order emerged in the second, Perak was a key player. Its tin was in high demand in Western industrializing countries and foreign capital, labour, and technology propelled it forward. By 1900, Perak accounted for almost half of Malaya's tin output and a staggering quarter of world output, with its prosperity making it the Malay peninsula's commercial hub. Likewise, during the global rubber boom that began in the early 20th century as cars were mass produced for the first time, Perak was the largest rubber-producing state in the peninsula.
This book brings together a range of key sub-themes - economic geography, the institutional legacy of colonialism, increasing federal government centralization, forces of economic agglomeration, and human migration - which drove Perak's fortunes in sometimes dramatic economic cycles and ultimately led to the collapse of its tin and rubber industries and the migration of many of its young and skilled.
The book concludes by looking forward, analysing Perak's characteristics, and extrapolating lessons from formerly wealthy industrial centres originally blessed with natural resources but subsequently left behind by new waves of globalization, such as Cornwall and Sheffield in the United Kingdom, and Pittsburgh and Scranton in the United States. With a new vision Perak can regenerate itself and once again emerge triumphant against a tough global background-Covid-19, war, and deglobalization.
When globalization first took hold and international trade networks broadened and deepened in the first half of the 19th century, and a new capitalist world order emerged in the second, Perak was a key player. Its tin was in high demand in Western industrializing countries and foreign capital, labour, and technology propelled it forward. By 1900, Perak accounted for almost half of Malaya's tin output and a staggering quarter of world output, with its prosperity making it the Malay peninsula's commercial hub. Likewise, during the global rubber boom that began in the early 20th century as cars were mass produced for the first time, Perak was the largest rubber-producing state in the peninsula.
This book brings together a range of key sub-themes - economic geography, the institutional legacy of colonialism, increasing federal government centralization, forces of economic agglomeration, and human migration - which drove Perak's fortunes in sometimes dramatic economic cycles and ultimately led to the collapse of its tin and rubber industries and the migration of many of its young and skilled.
The book concludes by looking forward, analysing Perak's characteristics, and extrapolating lessons from formerly wealthy industrial centres originally blessed with natural resources but subsequently left behind by new waves of globalization, such as Cornwall and Sheffield in the United Kingdom, and Pittsburgh and Scranton in the United States. With a new vision Perak can regenerate itself and once again emerge triumphant against a tough global background-Covid-19, war, and deglobalization.
592 pages, Hardcover
Published September 24, 2024
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About the author
Sultan Nazrin Shah
6 books14 followersHis Royal Highness Sultan Nazrin Shah is the Ruler of the state of Perak, Malaysia. He is a descendant of a dynasty dating back to 1528. He was born Raja Nazrin Shah on 27 November 1956.
Following the tradition of succession in the Sultanate of Perak, he was made Raja Kechil Besar, a Titled Prince to the throne, by the Dewan Negara Perak (Council of State), on 16 February 1984. He then became the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) on 15 April 1987. Upon the demise of his father, His Royal Highness Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah, on 28 May 2014, the Dewan Negara proclaimed Raja Nazrin Shah as the 35th Sultan of Perak, styled as Sultan Nazrin Muizzuddin Shah. His enthronement, almost a year later, took place on 6 May 2015.
Besides his constitutional duties in Malaysia, Sultan Nazrin Shah served as co-Chair of the United Nations High-Level Panel on Humanitarian Financing 2015. He was Malaysia’s Special Envoy for Interfaith and Inter-civilisational Dialogue at the United Nations Alliance of Civilisations (UNAOC).
At home, His Royal Highness is Chancellor of the University of Malaya—Malaysia’s oldest university. He is also the Colonel-in-Chief of the Regiment of Royal Engineers and of the Royal Medical Corps in the Malaysian Armed Forces.
Sultan Nazrin Shah is an Honorary Fellow of Worcester College, Oxford, and of Magdalene College and St. Edmund’s College, both Cambridge. He is a Trustee of the Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies, University of Oxford; Royal Fellow of the Malaysian Institute of Defense and Security; Royal Fellow of the Malaysian Institute of Strategic and International Studies; Royal Fellow of the Institute of Public Security of Malaysia; Royal Patron of the Institute of Diplomacy and Foreign Relations of Malaysia; and Royal Patron (formerly, Financial Ambassador) of the Malaysia International Islamic Financial Centre.
His Royal Highness received his early education at Jalan Kuantan Primary School, and thereafter at St. John’s Institution, both in Kuala Lumpur. He subsequently went on to finish his schooling at The Leys School, Cambridge, in the United Kingdom. He then read Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE) at the University of Oxford. In addition to his BA degree from Oxford, the Sultan holds a Master’s degree in Public Administration (Kennedy School of Government) and a PhD in Political Economy and Government, both from Harvard University. He has also received honorary degrees from universities in the United Kingdom and Japan.
Sultan Nazrin Shah is married to Tuanku Zara Salim. They have a son, Raja Azlan Muzzaffar Shah and a daughter Raja Nazira Safya.
Following the tradition of succession in the Sultanate of Perak, he was made Raja Kechil Besar, a Titled Prince to the throne, by the Dewan Negara Perak (Council of State), on 16 February 1984. He then became the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) on 15 April 1987. Upon the demise of his father, His Royal Highness Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah, on 28 May 2014, the Dewan Negara proclaimed Raja Nazrin Shah as the 35th Sultan of Perak, styled as Sultan Nazrin Muizzuddin Shah. His enthronement, almost a year later, took place on 6 May 2015.
Besides his constitutional duties in Malaysia, Sultan Nazrin Shah served as co-Chair of the United Nations High-Level Panel on Humanitarian Financing 2015. He was Malaysia’s Special Envoy for Interfaith and Inter-civilisational Dialogue at the United Nations Alliance of Civilisations (UNAOC).
At home, His Royal Highness is Chancellor of the University of Malaya—Malaysia’s oldest university. He is also the Colonel-in-Chief of the Regiment of Royal Engineers and of the Royal Medical Corps in the Malaysian Armed Forces.
Sultan Nazrin Shah is an Honorary Fellow of Worcester College, Oxford, and of Magdalene College and St. Edmund’s College, both Cambridge. He is a Trustee of the Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies, University of Oxford; Royal Fellow of the Malaysian Institute of Defense and Security; Royal Fellow of the Malaysian Institute of Strategic and International Studies; Royal Fellow of the Institute of Public Security of Malaysia; Royal Patron of the Institute of Diplomacy and Foreign Relations of Malaysia; and Royal Patron (formerly, Financial Ambassador) of the Malaysia International Islamic Financial Centre.
His Royal Highness received his early education at Jalan Kuantan Primary School, and thereafter at St. John’s Institution, both in Kuala Lumpur. He subsequently went on to finish his schooling at The Leys School, Cambridge, in the United Kingdom. He then read Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE) at the University of Oxford. In addition to his BA degree from Oxford, the Sultan holds a Master’s degree in Public Administration (Kennedy School of Government) and a PhD in Political Economy and Government, both from Harvard University. He has also received honorary degrees from universities in the United Kingdom and Japan.
Sultan Nazrin Shah is married to Tuanku Zara Salim. They have a son, Raja Azlan Muzzaffar Shah and a daughter Raja Nazira Safya.
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