I've only read the first two essays since I still have to find the actual book, but I'd like to go ahead and log it because of how great they are. The first essay, "After Joyce," almost makes me feel like a genius. They almost exactly coincide with my own thoughts on art that I've cooked up over the years. I probably didn't "actually" come up with them on my own, since I've always known about Barthelme's quote that "The writer is one who, embarking upon a task, does not know what to do," which I got from George Saunders. But there are some new insights here in these essays which are profound to me.
AFTER JOYCE
Here there are two notions which struck me as amazing. (1) First is the idea that fictions ought to be objects in the world, like mental structures. When thinking about creating my own fictions, I've always thought that the only way that this venture of my mine would be worthy is if it could be analogous in form and pleasure as like someone dancing or a piece of music. That's the benchmark, or the worthiness for it even existing; otherwise, I see it as a gross artificiality, and act of hubris that should be committed immediately to the trashnbin. And so I've always thought that the best fictions would be as undeniable as a tree in the wind, as a natural and REAL part of the world, not an artificial construction. Barthelme captures this ideas perfectly. (2) Second is the Valéry quote, which talks about fiction as if they ought to be a sport. Ever since reading Barthelme's fictions did I come to see ideal fiction in this way. It's almost a corollary of the first notion, that they are mental structures. The only station of a fiction writer is to develop fictions, and it is to be thought almost analogously as engaging in sport, where one must follow one's own (often unstate.d, just poetic) rules rigorously, with regards to motif, structure, patterning, to develop poetic meaning, and then to know when to stop writing and move on to the next fiction. This isn't cynical or anything. I just think it's a good model for thinking about the process. The second you start thinking about things like "intention" and "purpose" you start losing at the game, and you're no longer really engaging in fiction writing. This brings me to the next essay.
NOT-KNOWING
Ever since reading Beckett especially, I've had the thought that the best fiction is written by writing "on the surface of the brain." That is, writing from an ecstatic place of heightened intensity, understanding, and emotion. Writing in a place beyond your normal, boring, quotidian, waking self. Writing as close to the hardware and the 1s and 0s of yourself as possible, so that you can write fiction that is not artificial and that is honest and sincere. This, I feel, is pretty equivalent to Barthelme's dictum that art can only be made authentically from a place of not-knowing. The idea from a lot of popular books out there on writing, with all the planning and outlining they tell you to do, is complete garbage. It's false. It's terrible advice. No, I don't have to write out character biographies before I embark on my story. As Barthelme says, "I discover this [or that fact] by writing the sentence that announces it." But despite this state of not-knowing, there, miraculously, are still "rules," and those who can understand these two things will have the best chance of writing good fiction. These "rules" aren't really rules, more like intuitions, as Barthelme says: "The more serious the artist, the more problems he takes into account and the more considerations limit his possible initiatives." In this essay, Barthelme claims that is was with Stéphane Mallarmé that that ontological status of the poem changed from being a representation of the world to being an object of the world. People have called Mallarmé's work, "a whisper that is so close to silence," and this makes a lot of sense to me. I've always thought that art, especially written art, can be thought of as bright excitations out of the Void. The Void is pure. Endurable. Already perfect. So any excitation ought to really--and I mean really--justify its own existence. To me, a justified excitation of the Void would be something like a whisper that is close to silence, something that is natural, fresh, and without hubris. Hard to do. To me, when I'm writing, I'm always very suspicious, to begin with, of the justification of writing anything at all, and not just being silent, like a Zen monk. But when the art is good, I know it's worth it. Good art is that which inspires but also resists interpretation. It is magic! Hard to do. Good art is where no single interpretation can exhaust or empty it. Good are is genuinely searching, yearning. Art is a true account of the activity of the mind.
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And so, I have yet to read the rest of the essays and interviews in this work, as I need to get my hands on it. But so far, even with just these two pieces, I am very happy with how my own conceptions of art have developed very closely with what Barthelme outlines here.