I've been working with shaders in Unity for a few months now, learning most of what I needed from the internet as I went. This can be a tiresome process, scouring forums and unanswered question postings for a hint when you have a problem. This book, Unity Shaders and Effects Cookbook, put out by Packt Publishing, is a solid read for someone looking to learn a bit more about the inner workings of shaders, and how to put that to use for their own projects.
The learning curve for shaders is notoriously difficult, so it's no surprise that books aimed at beginners are hard to find. Unity Shaders and Effects Cookbook is no exception, as it feels aimed at readers with a basic understanding, who are looking to move into an intermediate understanding. The writing is easy enough to understand, with relevant screenshots to help the reader grasp these difficult subjects.
Some of the example shaders seem more complex than they need be to get a point across, so I suggest bearing with it and ignoring the excess code you don't grasp until you're further along in the book. Since shaders are also very hard to debug, you'll likely have to leave all the code provided, whether you understand it yet or not, in order for the shader to compile and display correctly. By the end of the book, you should have a solid understanding of what each shader is doing.
As an added bonus, if you decide to go with an eBook version, there are some helpful weblinks provided for extra reference.