In view of the ubiquity of the use of standard RT-PCR, the main objective of this volume is to provide novel, useful applications of RT-PCR. These include some useful adaptions and application that are relevant to the wider research communities who are already familiar with the basic RT-PCR protocol. For example, a variety of different adaptions are described that have been employed to obtain quantitative data from RT-PCR. Quantitative RT-PCR provides the ability to accurately measure changes/imbalances in specific mRNA expression between normal and diseased tissues. RT-PCR has afforded many opportunities in diagnostics, allowing sensitive detection of RNA viruses such as HIV and HCV. RT-PCR facilities many diverse techniques in research, including in situ localization of mRNA, antibody engineering, and cDNA cloning. In particular, this volume highlights how RT-PCR, microarray technology, HPLC and time-resolved fluorimetry. This volume will stimulate the reader towards diverse new ways in which this remarkable technique can facilitate the molecular aspects of their biomedical research.