I'm preparing to read Tariq Ali's Islam Quintet, a five-novel fictional history of the Islamic world, for a group on Goodreads, so I decided to learn somewhat more about the author first. Today, he is probably best known for his novels and plays of the eighties and nineties, but in the sixties and seventies he was better known as a socialist and antiwar activist, and that's how I first heard of him at the time. This autobiography deals with that period of his life. The subtitle is ambiguous -- is this his autobiography from the sixties, or an "autobiography" of the Sixties? Actually, it's a bit of both.
The first sixty pages of the revised edition is a new introduction, asking the question why the Sixties are still such a controversial period, remembered with nostalgia by some of us, but vilified by others, and particularly the conservative/liberal media. The introduction also pays homage to some people from that time who have died in the intervening years, and gives a thumbnail sketch of various wars and other political developments up to 2005.
The original book begins with a chapter called "Preludes", which describes his childhood and adolescence from 1946 to 1962 in newly-independent Pakistan, but also chronicles year-by-year the major events of the period, such as the Chinese Revolution, Nasser's revolution in Egypt, Kruschev's revelations about Stalin, and the Cuban Revolution. He came from a secular left-wing family; his mother was an active member of the Communist Party. Tariq himself was basically sympathetic to the Maoists, until the 1967 massacre of the Indonesian communists caused him to question Mao's policies. In college, he became a leader of student demonstrations, and his family decided it was safer to pack him off to study at Oxford.
The next two chapters go from 1962 to 1967 and deal with his activities at Oxford and in the left of the Labour Party, and his eventually disillusionment with the Labour Party as Harold Wilson abandoned all his promises and showed himself as an obedient lieutenant of Washington, particularly in supporting the war in Vietnam. He describes among other things his meeting with Malcolm X at Oxford, the beginning of his work with the Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation, and the first British teach-ins around Vietnam. This is followed by a very interesting chapter about his fact-finding trip to Hanoi for the Russell Foundation's War Crimes Tribunal. The founding of the Vietnam Solidarity Campaign and the Black Dwarf magazine, the two axes of his political work for the next few years, are described in a short chapter.
There are three chapters focused on "The Year", 1968. The first and third are largely about the VSC, and are the real essence of the book; the second is about May '68 in France and the Prague Spring, neither of which he was able to witness first hand due to legal restrictions on his travel. This is also the time at which he joined the International Marxist Group, the British section of the (Trotskyist) Fourth International, which at the time had about fifty members, though it grew to about 200 as a result of the big anti-Vietnam War demonstrations of the next couple years. There was less about this than I was hoping for. I had had the impression that Ali was somewhat of an "ultraleft", but from this book it seems that much of his effort was to combat the more ultraleft elements within the VSC and keep the demonstrations from ending up in confrontations with the police or worse. He heads up one of the chapters with a perfect quotation from Lenin: "A terrorist is a Liberal with a bomb." A final chapter deals with the years 1969-1975, marked largely by defeats, and ending with the beginning of the long period of reaction which has more or less continued until the present. There is a sort of epilogue called "Heretics and Renegades", a "where are they now?" kind of thing which separates those who have retained the spirit of the sixties from those who sold out, and of course those who had died by 1987.
The book ends with an interview with John Lennon and Yoko Ono, added in the revised edition, which is interesting but not really connected to the rest of the book.
The real interest of the book to me was the description of the antiwar movement in England. The biggest weakness was its serious misunderstanding of the dynamics of the antiwar movement (and left politics in general) in the United States, one country that he never visited but relied on information about from visitors to the Black Dwarf offices. Ali greatly overestimates the role of SDS in the antiwar movement (in fact the national organization basically abandoned the antiwar movement after the first big demonstration) and dismisses the role of the American Socialist Workers Party as "aparatchniks pure and simple" (who actually played a major role in organizing the movement). This made clearer to me some of the polemics from that time, although I suspect that his remembrances may be colored by later factional developments. I would recommend this book to anyone wanting to know about the antiwar movement abroad, but suggest that it be read along with Fred Halstead's Out Now on the United States as a necessary corrective.