What does it mean to be human? In Bladerunner – for some reason I've never read the original, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, story – the question is explored from the point of the view of the humans. The replicants are the baddies, mostly by virtue of their lack of humanity (or, more technically, memories). Because they aren't human, we don't trust them, we keep them under tight control and even exterminate them whenever they step outside of the boundaries we set for them.
Anne Charnock's debut novel, A Calculated Life, explores the question from the other side. Instead of replicants we have simulants, but the principle is the same. The simulants are artificially created humans, grown fully formed rather than born, they are created with specific task superiority. While they generally seem to be treated well – some people seem happy to treat them as equals, they're clearly fêted by their employers as they excel at whatever they were purchased for. People seem to want to humanise them, presumably in order to avoid having to think about their real status. And their real status becomes increasingly clear. Expected to live in communal hostels, they eat together, socialise almost exclusively with each other and observe strict curfews and schedules. It becomes increasingly clear though, that like the replicant's assumed life off-world, the simulants have only to step out of line and they will be disappeared, their contracts fulfilled by another. Their 'employers' don't really seem to have much choice about this.
Our narrator, Jayna, is one such simulant. Her ability is to process large amounts of data and spot patterns that an 'ordinary' augmented human would be unable to. She's employed by an agency to create reports that allow them and their clients to make money from these patterns and trends. This day to day of her work, and her down time back at the hostel with other simulants, is overlaid with her development from a naive, unquestioning, drone as she starts to try and explore what being human is like for non-simulants. Initially this is because she believes understanding the people that make up the data she analyses will make her a better analyst but, before long, she's doing it for herself, for her own curiosity. Once she no longer fits the programming though it's only a matter of time before she comes to the attention of the Constructor.
The world building is excellent, set in a Manchester of the near future, humanity has split into economic strata – the haves, the have-nots, and the simulants are a new addition to all this. The Bladerunner comparison feels very apt. Instead of the dark and oppressive noir of future LA, in the future Manchester, the haves run businesses or have high-paid jobs, BBQs and houses in the suburbs. The have-nots live in favela like enclaves outside the cities and those that are lucky enough to have menial jobs commute in, the rest fight to scrape a living in the enclave. It's not always night either.
This book, the ideas, the style and Jayna's journey, fascinated me from the start. For large parts of it I genuinely had no idea where Charnock was taking me, but I was really hoping she wasn't going to fuck it up. A slight wobble in the middle where some bits could probably have been tightened up hardly qualifies – it's a debut novel after all...