Though the collection is entitled THE HYMN TO LIFE, many of the poems are about death. At least in the first part. Death is, I suppose, a big part of life. And perhaps by commemorating the deaths of friends and celebrities, the poet hoped to celebrate their lives, to celebrate life itself.
The collection is broken into six parts: "Waterbury", "Elsewhere", "Loving You", "Evenings in Vermont", "The Faure Ballade", and "Hymn to Life".
The first part, "Waterbury", is almost entirely composed of poems about death. Indeed, the first part reads like one long elegy (as in "Beautiful Funerals" and "Mike"). And yet somehow the poet includes his signature humour (as in "Beautiful Funerals" and "Roxy"). It is worth mentioning that the first poem, "Beautiful Funerals", makes direct reference to Jessica Mitford, author of THE AMERICAN WAY OF DEATH...
He's no four-flusher, kind of con man (ask Jessica, Jessica knows). Has he a fish eye? Not necessarily. Is he a creep? Not on my street. Is he a ghoul? Oh get lost. - Beautiful Funerals.
"I get so bored on Sunday" with this here it is a blues and call it Sunday Blue - Roxy a Sunday blues
Frank O'Hara chats apart with Carole Lombard and James Dean while John O'Hara makes whoopee at a dignified gait with Scott Fitz- gerald and Nathanael West. And where is Papa? Honking where the wild goose goes... - Beautiful Funerals
Mike is dead. I can't talk to him.... - Mike
Notably, the poet returns to the death of Janis Joplin (in "Mike"), a subject he indirectly addressed in his previous collection, THE CRYSTAL LITHIUM...
I'm puttin' on Pearl (O Pearl) and The In White Wrappers (groovy group) or Company... - Janis Joplin's Dead: Long Live Pearl (from THE CRYSTAL LITHIUM)
Now Pearl - dead too: Janis Joplin sings on. - Mike
What sets the first part apart from the rest of the collection is the length and width. Here, the poet decided to make his poems uncommonly thin, with lines that average one to three words in length. What happens is, the first part starts wide and ends thin. If the pages were cut out of the book and spread out, it would create an interesting visual effect...
Who's the man with all that greenery, the shrubs, the velvet turf, who's the gink they all make fun of in tones not touched with awe?
"Good morning" what's- your-name. - In the round
(Note: "Gink" is not a racial epithet, though it may resemble one. "Gink" is a slang, meaning: "A man, especially one regarded as foolish or contemptible.")
The second part begins with an elegy of its own, "To Frank O'Hara". Frank O'Hara belonged to the New York School, along with Schuyler and many others. His premature death in 1966 touched all of the New York School poets. Certainly it touched Schuyler, who references O'Hara more than once in this collection.
Though the elegy is entitled "To Frank O'Hara", it is dedicated to Don Allen, a publisher and editor of O'Hara's poetry (in fact, he is directly referenced in O'Hara's "Personal Poem" from LUNCH POEMS)...
Frank O'Hara chats apart with Carole Lombard - Beautiful Funerals
like a race horse that just won the race steaming, eager to run only you used words. - To Frank O'Hara for Don Allen
To say that "many of the poems in the collection are about death" is to overlook the poems about life. Indeed, they collection is not only about life, but it is itself alive with the poet's exuberance and humour. While "To Frank O'Hara" is a celebration of life on the occasion of a death, "To Bob Dash" is a celebration of life on the occasion of a birthday. In fact, HYMN TO LIFE is dedicated "To Bob". Bob Dash was a poet and painter. Working as an editor for Noonday Press and an art critic for Arts and Art News in the 1950s, he was introduced to Schuyler and the rest of the New York School poets...
The lilacs here stand in lilac glory, cornucopias from Persia. And a white one too: to you I send their staunchness in beauty, to you there where the paint on canvas flows... - For Bob Dash on his birthday
Life is celebrated in many ways throughout the collection. Most prominently, the poet celebrates life with his signature/trademark innocence and playfulness. A form of optimism that is uncharacteristic of poets from the post-war era. Perhaps more characteristic of the hippie era? Though Schuyler is not aligned with the hippie movement. Indeed, he celebrates in many ways. Often descending into a sort of orgiastic silliness that finds its outlet in nonsense, the use of cliché, rambling, or any other number of exuberant expressions...
Tomorrow is another day. But then, so was yesterday. You have garlic on your breath. And a toy steamer. Poised at the keys. Let me see your tongue. Just as I thought. It's coated. In twelve years these shoes won't owe you a cent. Drink up. She gave him the brush-off. Just imagine. Maraschino cherry, where have you been all my life? Go peddle your papers. Here comes the night, a slow motion tidal wave. Where do you go in your sleep? Take me with you. In a sliced orange you might expect to find the golden section. That photograph. It's an amenity. Happiness wells up, and a vee of geese pass overhead. Happiness! Isn't that all that Matters? - Bleeding Gums
The newspaper comes. It has a bellyful of bad news. The sun is not where it was. Nor is the moon. Once so flat, now so round.... - The sky eats up the trees
Even darker subjects are rendered into lightness or ridiculousness by Schuyler's poetical voice. The poet express this process best as "Bad news is a funny kind / of breakfast." (The sky eats up the trees) This is not the same sentiment as Erma Bombeck's "thin line that separates laughter and pain, comedy and tragedy..." This is not the same sentiment as Mel Brooks's "tragedy is when I stub my toe, comedy is when you fall into an open manhole and die..." This is the optimism of Schuyler...
"We can make each other happy." Radiant clarity, why, today, do I think of death? - Labor Day
And for no reason my eyes and the sky fill with tears. Two kinds of weather and if you never cry, well, then you don't. - So Good
The collection is full of interesting references. In the second part, there are references to Kaspar Hauser (in "Eyes at the Window") and Umberto D (in "Gray, intermittently blue, eyed hero"), among other things...
Kaspar Hauser waits at the station. He has something he urgently wishes to say... - Eyes as the Window
Deep in its penetrable blank unclarity you see the little frizzy-headed maid in Umberto D, knocked up, grinding coffee and from ducts in rain rivulets seep two slow tears.... - Gray, intermittently blue, eyed hero
In the poem "Gray, intermittently blue, eyed hero", Schuyler addresses several lines to the fog, thanking it, albeit with less formality than W. H. Auden...
No summer sun will ever dismantle the global gloom cast by the Daily Papers, vomiting in slip-shod prose the facts of filth and violence that we’re too dumb to present: our earth’s a sorry spot, but for this special interim, so restful yet so festive, Thank You, Thank You, Thank You, Fog. - W. H. Auden, "Thank You, Fog" (from THANK YOU, FOG)
Thanks, fog: it's handy, getting to know someone so instantly you don't want to know them any better or further. "Fog, you may go now. It's time for all good little angels to go upstairs and fly" blueward through blue. - Gray, intermittently blue, eyed hero
Indeed, the poems of this collection may retain Schuyler's comedic and somewhat rambling voice, but the style and structure is varied. Often alluding to or mimicking other poets, such as Auden. One poem in particular, "Labor Day", resembles the poetry of Robert Creeley, a poet of the Black Mountain College...
What I say to people don't mean I don't love,
what I do don't do, don't don't do enough. - Robert Creeley, "Blues" (from LATER)
Not what I think or see (I can't: sun in my eyes) or remember, or will be - what do I know of that? - or never knew or know for sure, just this day its clarity... - Labor Day
The third part, like the fourth part of THE CRYSTAL LITHIUM, is entitled "Loving You". Not surprisingly, the poems of this part are predominantly love poems...
So delicate, so tender, so strong. It was like that when we kissed and smiled. Nothing lasts forever, but this way is so much better than any other when I missed you so.... - Was It
And when I thought, "Our love might end" the sun went right on shining - Daylight
And I see, clear as light, your body naked on our bed and the white line at the bottom of your belly the sun drew where you wore your trunks. I can't wait. Til Thursday, love. - Up
You're having fun I hope. I hope so so much. It's not that I think of you all the time. But I think of you a lot.... - Saturday Night
Fortunately the love poems of this part aren't overly romantic or sentimental or otherwise nauseating. No matter how many times the poet flips his poetical coin, it always seems to land comedic side up...
I'll bet you like pissing in the sea. People who don't seem off to me.... - You're
I studied sand and the sand-like freckles on your back and, smaller than small, one blackhead (later removed) - A blue towen
In a poem entitled "Poem", the poet includes a reference to Vermont in October. The feeling of déjà vu. Indeed, the state of Vermont and the month of October seem to find their way into his poems often...
The thought of harm from you is far from me as those Vermont hills, en- flamed, in October, as I by you, in their seasonal rush.... - Poem
Books litter the bed, leaves the lawn. It lightly rains. Fall has come: unpatterned, in the shedding leaves. - October
The hills that last year in early October I saw enflamed and raging are now the browns and grays of lichened bark... - A Vermont Diary, November 1 (from THE CRYSTAL LITHIUM)
October hangs in grape bunch lights among the leaves of a giant tree whose leaves are not unlike grape leaves... - Evening Wind (from THE CRYSTAL LITHIUM)
The fourth part, following the poet's preoccupation with Vermont, is entitled "Evenings in Vermont". However, neither the state of Vermont nor the month of October are not as prominent a part of this part as the reader would expect...
That bluet breaks me up, tiny spring flower late, late in dour October. - The Bluet
The sky suddenly is streaked with fire at only 4:45 in the afternoon. Ir evening. Day- light saving time is over.... - Evenings in Vermont
Dreaming of a white Vermont, scratched by alders and firs. - Afterward
The poems of this part are heavily descriptive. They are descriptive of a time and a place that may or may not be the month of October and the state of Vermont. However the reader decides to interpret/attribute these poems, they seem to lack the humour of the earlier parts...
Flies buzz in the window pane. It is their dying season. The house is painted grey. The fields befuzz themselves with milkweed silk.... - "From the next . . ."
But those shivering, hovering late moths, the size of big snowflakes: what were they doing there, so late in the year? - The Day
But that's not to suggest that this part is devoid of humour...
Winter knocks at the door. Don't let it in.... - The Day
And that dog that leapt out at me! How I hate him, how he scares me. "You're a good dog," I said in feigned placating tones.... - Evenings in Vermont
Everything seems to be either gray or blue (sometimes both)...
Standing and watching through the drizzle how the mist and further edge of pond merge into one grayness, a colour called drained-of-blueness. - Standing and Watching
Down the valley a line of far- off mountains are deeper, bluer than the sky.... - Sunset
The day is gray as stone... - The Day
After two rainy days, a sunny one of cloud curds breaking up in blue. - Evenings in Vermont
The fifth part, "The Fauré Ballade", is composed entirely of the long poem, "The Fauré Ballade". I don't know whether or not "The Fauré Ballade" qualifies as a poem. The idea of "what is a poem?" seems to be in constant flux. Here, the poet does not refer to "The Fauré Ballade" as a poem but as an anthology of quotes, misquotes, and (no doubt) misremembered remarks...
The quotes are derived from a vast number of sources. The majority (if not all of them) are poets. The poet most prominently featured is Frank O'Hara, who appeared earlier in the collection. Many of the O'Hara quotes are undoubtedly derived from the extensive correspondence exchanged by the two poets (available in its own published volume)...
The pearls dropped loudly on the floor. - Frank O'Hara
What a hot day it is! for Jane and me above the scorch - Frank O'Hara
My dear, you have to smile LIKE THE SUN. - Frank O'Hara
All things are tragic when a mother watches! - Frank O'Hara
moment of infinitely salty air! - Frank O'Hara
and moon-like, too, the gentle Norma Shearer - Frank O'Hara
In addition, Schuyler quotes notable poets such as Wallace Stevens and Arthur Rimbaud. Along with John Ashbery and Kenneth Koch, also of the New York School...
The intelligence is part of the comedy of life. - Wallace Stevens
Ta tête se détourne: le nouvel amour! Ta tête se retourne, - le nouvel amour! - Arthur Rimbaud
Sometimes I wish the raggle-taggle gypsies would come and take me away. - John Ashbery
They saw her standing in that simple field. - Kenneth Koch
The fifth part, "Hymn to Life", is composed entirely of the long poem, "Hymn to Life"...
The wind rests its cheek upon the ground and feels the cool damp And lifts its head with twigs and small dead blades of grass Pressed into it as you might at the beach rise up and brush away The sand. The day is cool and says, “I’m just staying overnight.” The world is filled with music, and in between the music, silence And varying the silence all sorts of sounds, natural and man made: There goes a plane, some cars, geese that honk and, not here, but Not so far away, a scream so rending that to hear it is to be Never again the same. “Why, this is hell.” Out of the death breeding Soil, here, rise emblems of innocence, snowdrops that struggle Easily into life and hang their white enamel heads toward the dirt And in the yellow grass are small wild crocuses from hills goats Have cropped to barrenness. The corms come by mail, are planted. Then do their thing: to live! To live! So natural and so hard Hard as it seems it must be for green spears to pierce the all but Frozen mold and insist that they too, like mouse-eared chickweed, Will live. The spears lengthen, the bud appears and spreads, its Seed capsule fattens and falls, the green turns yellowish and withers Stretched upon the ground. In Washington, magnolias were in bud. In Charlottesville early bulbs were up, brightening the muck. Tomorrow Will begin another spring. No one gets many, one at a time, like a long Awaited letter that one day comes. But it may not say what you hoped Or distraction robs it of what it once would have meant. Spring comes And the winter weather, here, may hold. It is arbitrary, like the plan Of Washington, D.C. Avenues and circles in asphalt web and no One gets younger: which is not, for the young, true, discovering new Freedoms at twenty, a relief not to be a teen-ager anymore. One of us Had piles, another water on the knee, a third a hernia—a strangulated Hernia is one of life’s less pleasant bits of news—and only One, at twenty, moved easily through all the galleries to pill Free sleep. Oh, it’s not all that bad. The sun shines on my hand And the myriad lines that criss-cross tell the story of nearly fifty Years. Sorry, it’s too long to relate. Once, when I was young, I Awoke at first light and sitting in a rocking chair watched the sun Come up beyond the houses across the street. Another time I stood At the cables of a liner and watched the wake turning and Turning upon itself. Another time I woke up and in a bottle On a chest of drawers the thoughtful doctor had left my tonsils. I Didn’t keep them. The turning of the globe is not so real to us As the seasons turning and the days that rise out of early gray —The world is all cut-outs then—and slip or step steadily down The slopes of our lives where the emotions and needs sprout. “I Need you,” tree, that dominates this yard, thick-waisted, tall And crook branched. Its bark scales off like that which we forget: Pain, an introduction at a party, what precisely happened umpteen Years or days or hours ago. And that same blue jay returns, or perhaps It is another. All jays are one to me. But not the sun which seems at Each rising new, as though in the night it enacted death and rebirth, As flowers seem to. The roses this June will be different roses Even though you cut an armful and come in saying, “Here are the roses,” As though the same blooms had come back, white freaked with red And heavily scented. Or a cut branch of pear blooms before its time, “Forced.” Time brings us into bloom and we wait, busy, but wait For the unforced flow of words and intercourse and sleep and dreams In which the past seems to portend a future which is just more Daily life. The cat has a ripped ear. He fights, he fights all The tom cats all the time. There are blood gouts on a velvet seat. Easily sponged off: but these red drops on a book of Stifter’s, will I remember and say at some future time, “Oh, yes, that was the day Hodge had a torn ear and bled on the card table?” Poor Hodge, battered like an old car. Silence flows into my mind.... - Hymn to Life
My favourite passages...
who stops and looks at a street sign, turns, hesitates and goes off like the actor one often feels: "Frowns, looks at watch, goes off" and in the sky cloud words melt and all run together. - Two
Unexpected as a tear when someone reads a poem you wrote for him: "It's this line here...." - The Bluet
Given the overwhelming pleasure and giddiness I feel reading the title poem to this book, I'm sad and embarrassed not to have read the book before. Schuyler has this very sweet, personable, and intimate note to his poetry. He handles the world with so much delicacy. It's like he's having a tender relationship with the whole world. And, as a reader, you get to share in that tenderness. And one of the biggest pleasures for me is the split between ultra-privacy, where it feels like Schuyler is just recording the world for his own benefit and conscious sharing, where it feels like Schuyler knows I'm along with him while he's recording. It's hard to explain this dynamic, really. But it makes me so happy and cozy. He's depressed. And he's funny. And he's cynical. And he's hopeful. And all these different stances towards the day just collage together.
Realised on this read that in Hymn to Life (the long poem, an April poem), Schuyler is thinking of Eliot, so that "breeding / Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing / Memory and desire, stirring / Dull roots with spring rain" becomes:
"Out of the death breeding Soil, here, rise emblems of innocence, snowdrops that struggle Easily into life and hang their white enamel heads toward the dirt And in the yellow grass are small wild crocuses from hills goats Have cropped to barrenness. The corms come by mail, are planted. Then do their thing: to live! To live! So natural and so hard Hard as it seems it must be for green spears to pierce the all but Frozen mold and insist that they too, like mouse-eared chickweed, Will live."
What a response: a refusal of the way Eliot transforms the world into a numinous lament; instead, for Schuyler, there is only the immediate - and that is itself a reason for celebration, for cherishing life's interstices.
"One Gull coasts by, unexpected as a kiss on the nape of the neck."
"The days slide by and we feel we must Stamp an impression on them. It is quite other. They stamp us, both Time and season so that looking back there are wide unpeopled avenues Blue-gray with cars on them, parked either side, and a small bridge that Crosses Rock Creek has four bison at its corners, out of scale Yet so mysterious to childhood, friendly, ominous, pattable because Of bronze."