A challenging read, a challenging time in history. Gordon Thomas and Max Morgan-Witts' harrowing account of the fateful 1939 voyage of the German passenger ship, the St. Louis, poses its challenges as a readable book for its devastating details. 1939 was a challenging period of world history as sparks and fire of the caustic cauldron of the times finally exploded into World War II. The voyage that is chronicled in "Voyage of the Damned: A Shocking True Story of Hope, Betrayal, and Nazi Terror," is laced with doom and gloom, with only occasional glimpses of hope.
With the Nazi's rise to power in Germany, and Hitler's "final solution"in full execution, 900-plus people, mostly European Jewish refugees, boarded the Hapag St. Louis ship in Hamburg in May 1939 on a voyage to safety in Havana, Cuba...at least that was the plane. From the relatively poor to the exceedingly wealthy, the fleeing, traumatized men, women and children set sail with hope in their hearts for a new life in a new world. Lead by noble Captain Schroeder, the journey from Hamburg to Havana should have been routine. It wasn't.
Needless to say, humanity was at its lowest ebb in 1939. Desperate for action, the Jewish refugee organizations throughout the world sought out salvation for the unwanted German Jews with any country that would have them. Sadly, most countries refused to accept a giant ship filled with Jewish immigrants. Great Britain leaned into ignorance, believing that St. Louis passengers were mostly criminals and undesirables. In the midst of The Depression, the United States of America leaned into isolationism, Nationalism and anti-semitism. On top of all that, Great Britain, the United States, and other countries had strict quotas of how many refugees they would allow to accept into their borders, and most were already filled up by the time the St. Louis set sail.
Enter Cuba, a beautiful country in the Caribbean, plagued with corruption. Unbeknownst to the St. Louis, and Hapag, and the Jewish refugee organizations, the director of immigration in Cuba was a shady hustler, corrupt as they come. Despite repeated assurances (and prominent payments) that all of the passengers on the St. Louis will land safely in Havana, the fact remained that immigration director Manuel Benitez Gonzalez had no such guarantee. His relationship with Cuban dictator Federico Laredo Brú was spotty, and Bru had just passed an ordinance essentially banning any further foreign refugees. Worse than that. The Nazi propaganda chief had spread horrible, anti-semitic lies about the Jewish people, flaming the flames of anti-semitism in Cuba.
As a result, despite some fortunate passengers making it ashore in Havana, and despite many misguided efforts to appease the Cuban government, the majority of the Jewish refugees were rejected by Cuba, and sent away. Despite some hopeful plans to sail to other countries, communication between people and parties were dysfunctional, and eventually, the St. Louis was forced to return to Europe, with the fate of most of the remaining passengers doomed.
With a background of ignorance, indifference, corruption and hatred, the St. Louis had little chance of fulfilling the promise of its intended journey. With 1001 cooks in the kitchen stirring up the pot, and few people and organizations agreeing on anything, the St, Louis was doomed from the start. Despite a strong, brave and compassionate ship captain, the St. Louis' crew had its share of Nazi sympathizers, and one Nazi spy. Some of the passengers were too traumatized and tortured by Nazi persecution before they even set foot on the St. Louis. Others fared poorly from not knowing their own fate, and a feeling of foreboding. The result? Distress and depression on board, with at least two suicides that were reported.
Especially if one is ignorant of the details of what happened to the St. Louis in 1939, "Voyage of the Damned: A Shocking True Story of Hope, Betrayal, and Nazi Terror" expertly takes you there, step-by-step, and allows the reader to get a sense of what it was like back in '39, and all of the missteps and attempts at heroism that were undertaken on and off the St. Louis. One can't help but feel the impending doom and devastation through each and every page. As a result, the act of reading of the book itself became doom-laden, and hard to stomach at times.
"Voyage of the Damned: A Shocking True Story of Hope, Betrayal, and Nazi Terror" reads like a novel, and at times makes one wonder how the authors managed to paint such a visceral portrait of what transpired back in '39. The book provides fascinating detail and educational facts of what the world was like back then, and what a horrible time it was for all of humanity, especially the European Jews. Aside from the two deaths that occurred on the St. Louis voyage (and a suicide attempt that later lead to death), all of the passengers initially survived the journey back to Europe, finally finding sanctuary in countries outside of Germany. Unfortunately, later in 1939 Germany invaded Poland, World War II began, and the majority of the surviving St. Louis passengers were murdered in the Holocaust. Some escaped to Spain and Switzerland, some made it to Great Britain, Cuba and the United States, yet others landed in countries that were soon occupied by Nazis: Holland, Belgium and France.
It never should have happened. "Voyage of the Damned: A Shocking True Story of Hope, Betrayal, and Nazi Terror" never should have been written. Yet it DID happen, and thankfully Gordon Thomas and Max Morgan-Witts took the time to tell the story of that sad St. Louis voyage. It's a story that needs to be told, and never forgotten. If we can not learn from history, if we deny ourselves the devastating events from the past, then we are doomed to repeat it. "The Human Experiment" is still ongoing. It can be beautiful loving. However, as evident in Voyage of the Damned: A Shocking True Story of Hope, Betrayal, and Nazi Terror," mankind's morality can collapse too quickly unless we work hard and fight to keep ourselves in check.