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The Inconvenient Indian: A Curious Account of Native People in North America
The Inconvenient Indian is at once a “history” and the complete subversion of a history—in short, a critical and personal meditation that the remarkable Thomas King has conducted over the past 50 years about what it means to be “Indian” in North America.
Rich with dark and light, pain and magic, this book distills the insights gleaned from that meditation, weaving the curiously circular tale of the relationship between non-Natives and Natives in the centuries since the two first encountered each other. In the process, King refashions old stories about historical events and figures, takes a sideways look at film and pop culture, relates his own complex experiences with activism, and articulates a deep and revolutionary understanding of the cumulative effects of ever-shifting laws and treaties on Native peoples and lands.
This is a book both timeless and timely, burnished with anger but tempered by wit, and ultimately a hard-won offering of hope -- a sometimes inconvenient, but nonetheless indispensable account for all of us, Indian and non-Indian alike, seeking to understand how we might tell a new story for the future.
306 pages, ebook
First published November 13, 2012
About the author
Thomas King
121 books1,289 followersThomas King was born in 1943 in Sacramento, California and is of Greek and German descent. He obtained his PhD from the University of Utah in 1986. He is known for works in which he addresses the marginalization of American Indians, delineates "pan-Indian" concerns and histories, and attempts to abolish common stereotypes about Native Americans. He taught Native American Studies at the University of Lethbridge in Alberta, Canada, and at the University of Minnesota. He is currently a Professor of English at the University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. King has become one of the foremost writers of fiction about Canada's Native people.
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August 22, 2015
I learned a lot from this and was blown away by King’s ability to compress so much history by focusing on a limited set of themes. King does a great service in explaining the long history of Indian-White relations in North America so clearly and in using the sweep of the tragic failures to urge us all to do better in the future. This is no dry history, but a personalized account. I also appreciated his cushioning of uncomfortable truths with ironic humor and a sense that we are all facing the problems together.
Like most of you, I have only a limited picture of this history: the distorted background of the fiction of movies and TV, some details on focal times and places from a small set of relevant books I’ve read, and personal experiences with Indians and their culture from the various places I’ve lived. Maybe I’ve a better picture than many because of growing up in Oklahoma, reading more than a handful of relevant books, and having worked on a reservation at one point. Still this book filled some large gaps in the big picture and in a lot of details, especially about developments in Canada. King captures the embarrassing state of ignorance in the general population very aptly:
The sad truth is that, within the public sphere, within the collective consciousness of the general populace, most of the history of Indians in North America has been forgotten, and what we are left with is a series of historical artifacts and, more importantly, a series of entertainments. …As a series of entertainments, Native history is an imaginative cobbling together of fears and loathings, romances and reverences, facts and fantasies into a cycle of creative performances, in Technicolor and 3-D, with accompanying soft drinks, candy, and popcorn.
The author, a Cherokee professor of Native American literature, grew up wanting to play the cowboy instead of the Indian. He has a great riff on the appropriation of Indian themes in pop culture and commercial products. I never knew you could fold the Indian maiden on the “Land of Lakes” butter package to reveal a version with her charms showing. He draws you to an understanding of how society worships an invented Indian of the imagined past. I love King’s razor sharp portrayal of Indians in three categories: “Live”, “Dead”, and “Legal”:
For Native people, the distinction between Dead Indians and Live Indians is almost impossible to maintain. But North America doesn’t have this problem. All it has to do is hold the two Indians up to the light. Dead Indians are dignified, noble, silent, suitably garbed. And dead. Live Indianans are invisible, unruly, disappointing. And breathing. One is a romantic reminder of a heroic but fictional past. The other is simply an unpleasant, contemporary surprise. …
Dead Indians. Live Indians. In the end, it is an impossible tangle. Thank goodness there are Legal Indians. …Legal Indians are Live Indians, because only Live Indians can be Legal Indians, but not all Live Indians are Legal Indians.
I never knew the difference between how “Legal” Indians are determined in the U.S. versus Canada. The U.S. does it by certified membership in recognized tribes, usually confirmed by blood quantum, while our neighbor to the north designates “Status Indians” on an individual basis according to registration set at the time of treaties with particular tribes or bands. I also wasn’t aware that less than 40% of Indians by race are Legal Indians in each country, and those that are not in that category are pretty invisible to the national governments. It’s the Legal ones that are inconvenient and pesky:
While North America loves the Dead Indian and ignores the Live Indian, North America hates the Legal Indian. Savagely. The Legal Indian was one of those errors in judgment that North America made and has been trying to correct for the last 150 years.
Even though disease and conflict had dramatically reduced the tribes, there were still, in the minds of policy makers, too many Indians. Too many Indians, too many tribes, too many languages,. Indians were a great, sprawling mess. What was needed was a plan to give this snarl of cultures a definitive and manageable form. So, out of ignorance, disregard, frustration, and expediency, North America set about creating a single entity, an entity that would stand for the whole.
The Indian.
Or as J.R.R. Tolkien might have said, “One name to rule them all, One name to find them, One name to bring them all, and in the darkness bind them.”
Despite his irreverence, King calls a spade a spade, and there is no denying it:
Throughout the history of Indian-White relations in North America, there have always been two impulses afoot. Extermination and assimilation.
The means of extermination didn’t much matter. Bullets were okay. Disease was fine. Starvation was acceptable. In the minds of many, these were not so much cruelties as they were variations on the principles underlying the concept ‘survival of the fittest,’ a phrase that Herbert Spencer has fashioned in 1864 and that would become synonymous with Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection.
The second impulse, assimilation, argued for salvation and improvement.
Much of the policies that fit under the first category were indirect results of displacing them from their land. The death of about 4,000 Cherokees in the forced move from Georgia and North Carolina to Indian Territory, the “Trail of Tears”, was just the tip of the iceberg. The mass relocations between 1830 and 1840 cleared upwards of 100,000 Indians from lands east of the Mississippi, breaking the spirit of many tribes. If you get a chance to visit the National Indian Museum in Washington, DC, note the wall map of all the tribes in the mid-1700’s and the disappearance of about half of them in the map from the 20th century. Mass displacements and land grabs continued into the 20th century through eminent domain for numerous dam building projects and resource development initiatives in the U.S. and Canada. With few exceptions, tribal land is not considered legally owned by the Indians, but instead as federal land held in trust or long term loan for the subset of Legal Indians.
In discussing assimilation, King covers the sad history of attempts to disband tribes as a solution. Under the Allotment Act of 1887, reservation land would be broken up into parcels and given to individuals and families, e.g. 160 acres to a head of household:
Reservations would disappear. Indians would disappear. The ‘Indian Problem’ would disappear. Private ownership of land would free Indians from the tyranny of the tribe and traditional Native culture, and civilize the savage.
The effect was to liquidate reservations in Indian Territory and nine other states and, after the allotment, free up the surplus land for Whites and businesses. One estimate has it that 138 million acres of Native land in 1887 was reduced to 48 million acres, much of it desert. The policy was repealed only in 1934 with the Indian Reorganization Act. Under another version of “termination”, between 1953 and 1966, the House Concurrent Resolution 108 led to abolishment of 109 tribes as official subjects of federal supervision. Canada had its own variations on “enfranchisement” of tribal members by converting them into ordinary property owning citizens.
The other mass effort to resolve “the Indian problem” was through education. King makes it clear how the many of the devastating effects of the residential schools were part of a concerted plan of erasing Indian culture. A fellow named Pratt in the 1880’s in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, invented the system of boarding schools placed far from the Indian children’s communities and banned the speaking of their own language and cultural practices. His scheme: “Kill the Indian in him, and save the man.” The Catholics and the Protestants competed to gain as many converts as possible by this means. The recognition in government studies many years later that poor nutrition and health care at these schools led to mortality rates as high as 40% and to rampant physical, mental, and sexual abuse came too late for the more than 100,000 Indian children that passed through this system. Beginning in the 80’s various official bodies began to offer apologies for the policy, ending in 2008 with a public apology by Canadian Prime Minister Harper before the House of Commons and in 2009 President Obama signed a broader resolution of apology, although with no ceremony to mark its passage. Though King finds these messages to be heartfelt, he doubts their sincerity given the absence of reparations or openings for legal liability.
But even if our whole society acknowledges the tragedy of past sins, can’t we start fresh now and find a positive way to move forward? King sees hope in the activism that Indians now typically take in the face of unjust policies, garnering political power in the process. He also cites the examples of Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act in 1971 and Nunavut Land Claims Settlement of 1993, which included provisions of cash and Native corporate rights with much promise for economic sustainability and self-determination. His optimism at the end of the book is cautious but eloquent:
Are our traditions and languages worth the fight? Certainly the easier and more expedient option is simply to step away from who we are and who we wish to be, sell what we have for cash, and sink into the stewpot of North America.
With the rest of the bones.
…So, let’s agree that Indians are not special. We’re not …mystical. ..The fact of Native existence is that we live modern lives informed by traditional values and contemporary realities and that we wish to live those lives on our terms.
This book was loaned as an e-book by the publisher through the Netgalley program.
Like most of you, I have only a limited picture of this history: the distorted background of the fiction of movies and TV, some details on focal times and places from a small set of relevant books I’ve read, and personal experiences with Indians and their culture from the various places I’ve lived. Maybe I’ve a better picture than many because of growing up in Oklahoma, reading more than a handful of relevant books, and having worked on a reservation at one point. Still this book filled some large gaps in the big picture and in a lot of details, especially about developments in Canada. King captures the embarrassing state of ignorance in the general population very aptly:
The sad truth is that, within the public sphere, within the collective consciousness of the general populace, most of the history of Indians in North America has been forgotten, and what we are left with is a series of historical artifacts and, more importantly, a series of entertainments. …As a series of entertainments, Native history is an imaginative cobbling together of fears and loathings, romances and reverences, facts and fantasies into a cycle of creative performances, in Technicolor and 3-D, with accompanying soft drinks, candy, and popcorn.
The author, a Cherokee professor of Native American literature, grew up wanting to play the cowboy instead of the Indian. He has a great riff on the appropriation of Indian themes in pop culture and commercial products. I never knew you could fold the Indian maiden on the “Land of Lakes” butter package to reveal a version with her charms showing. He draws you to an understanding of how society worships an invented Indian of the imagined past. I love King’s razor sharp portrayal of Indians in three categories: “Live”, “Dead”, and “Legal”:
For Native people, the distinction between Dead Indians and Live Indians is almost impossible to maintain. But North America doesn’t have this problem. All it has to do is hold the two Indians up to the light. Dead Indians are dignified, noble, silent, suitably garbed. And dead. Live Indianans are invisible, unruly, disappointing. And breathing. One is a romantic reminder of a heroic but fictional past. The other is simply an unpleasant, contemporary surprise. …
Dead Indians. Live Indians. In the end, it is an impossible tangle. Thank goodness there are Legal Indians. …Legal Indians are Live Indians, because only Live Indians can be Legal Indians, but not all Live Indians are Legal Indians.
I never knew the difference between how “Legal” Indians are determined in the U.S. versus Canada. The U.S. does it by certified membership in recognized tribes, usually confirmed by blood quantum, while our neighbor to the north designates “Status Indians” on an individual basis according to registration set at the time of treaties with particular tribes or bands. I also wasn’t aware that less than 40% of Indians by race are Legal Indians in each country, and those that are not in that category are pretty invisible to the national governments. It’s the Legal ones that are inconvenient and pesky:
While North America loves the Dead Indian and ignores the Live Indian, North America hates the Legal Indian. Savagely. The Legal Indian was one of those errors in judgment that North America made and has been trying to correct for the last 150 years.
Even though disease and conflict had dramatically reduced the tribes, there were still, in the minds of policy makers, too many Indians. Too many Indians, too many tribes, too many languages,. Indians were a great, sprawling mess. What was needed was a plan to give this snarl of cultures a definitive and manageable form. So, out of ignorance, disregard, frustration, and expediency, North America set about creating a single entity, an entity that would stand for the whole.
The Indian.
Or as J.R.R. Tolkien might have said, “One name to rule them all, One name to find them, One name to bring them all, and in the darkness bind them.”
Despite his irreverence, King calls a spade a spade, and there is no denying it:
Throughout the history of Indian-White relations in North America, there have always been two impulses afoot. Extermination and assimilation.
The means of extermination didn’t much matter. Bullets were okay. Disease was fine. Starvation was acceptable. In the minds of many, these were not so much cruelties as they were variations on the principles underlying the concept ‘survival of the fittest,’ a phrase that Herbert Spencer has fashioned in 1864 and that would become synonymous with Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection.
The second impulse, assimilation, argued for salvation and improvement.
Much of the policies that fit under the first category were indirect results of displacing them from their land. The death of about 4,000 Cherokees in the forced move from Georgia and North Carolina to Indian Territory, the “Trail of Tears”, was just the tip of the iceberg. The mass relocations between 1830 and 1840 cleared upwards of 100,000 Indians from lands east of the Mississippi, breaking the spirit of many tribes. If you get a chance to visit the National Indian Museum in Washington, DC, note the wall map of all the tribes in the mid-1700’s and the disappearance of about half of them in the map from the 20th century. Mass displacements and land grabs continued into the 20th century through eminent domain for numerous dam building projects and resource development initiatives in the U.S. and Canada. With few exceptions, tribal land is not considered legally owned by the Indians, but instead as federal land held in trust or long term loan for the subset of Legal Indians.
In discussing assimilation, King covers the sad history of attempts to disband tribes as a solution. Under the Allotment Act of 1887, reservation land would be broken up into parcels and given to individuals and families, e.g. 160 acres to a head of household:
Reservations would disappear. Indians would disappear. The ‘Indian Problem’ would disappear. Private ownership of land would free Indians from the tyranny of the tribe and traditional Native culture, and civilize the savage.
The effect was to liquidate reservations in Indian Territory and nine other states and, after the allotment, free up the surplus land for Whites and businesses. One estimate has it that 138 million acres of Native land in 1887 was reduced to 48 million acres, much of it desert. The policy was repealed only in 1934 with the Indian Reorganization Act. Under another version of “termination”, between 1953 and 1966, the House Concurrent Resolution 108 led to abolishment of 109 tribes as official subjects of federal supervision. Canada had its own variations on “enfranchisement” of tribal members by converting them into ordinary property owning citizens.
The other mass effort to resolve “the Indian problem” was through education. King makes it clear how the many of the devastating effects of the residential schools were part of a concerted plan of erasing Indian culture. A fellow named Pratt in the 1880’s in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, invented the system of boarding schools placed far from the Indian children’s communities and banned the speaking of their own language and cultural practices. His scheme: “Kill the Indian in him, and save the man.” The Catholics and the Protestants competed to gain as many converts as possible by this means. The recognition in government studies many years later that poor nutrition and health care at these schools led to mortality rates as high as 40% and to rampant physical, mental, and sexual abuse came too late for the more than 100,000 Indian children that passed through this system. Beginning in the 80’s various official bodies began to offer apologies for the policy, ending in 2008 with a public apology by Canadian Prime Minister Harper before the House of Commons and in 2009 President Obama signed a broader resolution of apology, although with no ceremony to mark its passage. Though King finds these messages to be heartfelt, he doubts their sincerity given the absence of reparations or openings for legal liability.
But even if our whole society acknowledges the tragedy of past sins, can’t we start fresh now and find a positive way to move forward? King sees hope in the activism that Indians now typically take in the face of unjust policies, garnering political power in the process. He also cites the examples of Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act in 1971 and Nunavut Land Claims Settlement of 1993, which included provisions of cash and Native corporate rights with much promise for economic sustainability and self-determination. His optimism at the end of the book is cautious but eloquent:
Are our traditions and languages worth the fight? Certainly the easier and more expedient option is simply to step away from who we are and who we wish to be, sell what we have for cash, and sink into the stewpot of North America.
With the rest of the bones.
…So, let’s agree that Indians are not special. We’re not …mystical. ..The fact of Native existence is that we live modern lives informed by traditional values and contemporary realities and that we wish to live those lives on our terms.
This book was loaned as an e-book by the publisher through the Netgalley program.
September 23, 2013
Great read! If the content wasn't so devastating it'd be a hilarious book. Thomas King is a skilled writer who magnificently rabbit-trails through 500 years of Indian/Settler history with his entertaining, laconic wit, unique eye and keen intelligence. Although it's a bit of an uncomfortable read if you happen to be (as I am) a white, Christian male: King, at one point refers to Christianity as the "gateway drug to supply-side capitalism." Ouch...
Read about:
- the white creation of the universal "Indian"
- Hollywood
- Indian Hobbyists
- Dead Indian/ Live Indian/ Legal Indian
- Treaties
- Indian Act
- Trail of Tears
- Conquest Religion/ Seduction Religion
- Old Unimprovable People
- the "Final Solution to the Indian Problem"
- Residential Schools
- AIM
- Land.
Always with an eye for the "ironic slant and chuckle" Thomas King's Inconvenient Indian gifts us with a privileged insider's look into why those damn Indians enduringly refuse to become gratefully "white and delightsome."
Anyone hoping to gain an understanding of the energy behind the current crisis in First Nations/ Canada relations should probably read this book. But I have to stress, once again, that despite the distressing darkness of the topic, Thomas King somehow turns out a thoroughly enjoyable read.
Read about:
- the white creation of the universal "Indian"
- Hollywood
- Indian Hobbyists
- Dead Indian/ Live Indian/ Legal Indian
- Treaties
- Indian Act
- Trail of Tears
- Conquest Religion/ Seduction Religion
- Old Unimprovable People
- the "Final Solution to the Indian Problem"
- Residential Schools
- AIM
- Land.
Always with an eye for the "ironic slant and chuckle" Thomas King's Inconvenient Indian gifts us with a privileged insider's look into why those damn Indians enduringly refuse to become gratefully "white and delightsome."
Anyone hoping to gain an understanding of the energy behind the current crisis in First Nations/ Canada relations should probably read this book. But I have to stress, once again, that despite the distressing darkness of the topic, Thomas King somehow turns out a thoroughly enjoyable read.
June 22, 2026
An introduction to Critical Race Theory vis-à-vis North American Aboriginals
There’s simply no way that you read Thomas King’s THE INCONVENIENT INDIAN and come out the other side with a single reaction. If you are a rational reader with any sense of fairness, tolerance, or compassion, you’re going to be shocked, disgusted, dismayed, embarrassed, disappointed, enlightened, amused, and angry … simultaneously. Thomas King characterizes the white man’s grouping of North America’s aboriginal population into three populations – dead Indians, live Indians, and legal Indians. And sadly, he accurately and succinctly summarizes the white man’s reaction to each group – the white man loves dead Indians; can’t see, ignores, and forgets live Indians; and hates legal Indians.
While the entire history of the red man’s treatment in North America at the hands of the white man is and has been atrocious since Europe’s first 16th century intrusions on this side of the Atlantic, King is quick to acknowledge that grand maxim, “You can’t judge the past by the present.” But he’s equally quick to point out that dodging the guilt for past conduct by trotting out that maxim is simply too convenient and, indeed, specious. “Ignorance has never been the problem. The problem was and continues to be unexamined confidence in western civilization and the unwarranted certainty of Christianity. And arrogance. Perhaps it is unfair to judge the past by the present, but it is also necessary.”
And to be a compassionate 21st century informed Canadian, reading Thomas King’s THE INCONVIENT INDIAN is also necessary. One can but hope that a book like this is put into the high school history curriculum. Perhaps then, a future partnership can be forged that will make something of the historical mess that North American has handed its first inhabitants.
Paul Weiss
There’s simply no way that you read Thomas King’s THE INCONVENIENT INDIAN and come out the other side with a single reaction. If you are a rational reader with any sense of fairness, tolerance, or compassion, you’re going to be shocked, disgusted, dismayed, embarrassed, disappointed, enlightened, amused, and angry … simultaneously. Thomas King characterizes the white man’s grouping of North America’s aboriginal population into three populations – dead Indians, live Indians, and legal Indians. And sadly, he accurately and succinctly summarizes the white man’s reaction to each group – the white man loves dead Indians; can’t see, ignores, and forgets live Indians; and hates legal Indians.
While the entire history of the red man’s treatment in North America at the hands of the white man is and has been atrocious since Europe’s first 16th century intrusions on this side of the Atlantic, King is quick to acknowledge that grand maxim, “You can’t judge the past by the present.” But he’s equally quick to point out that dodging the guilt for past conduct by trotting out that maxim is simply too convenient and, indeed, specious. “Ignorance has never been the problem. The problem was and continues to be unexamined confidence in western civilization and the unwarranted certainty of Christianity. And arrogance. Perhaps it is unfair to judge the past by the present, but it is also necessary.”
And to be a compassionate 21st century informed Canadian, reading Thomas King’s THE INCONVIENT INDIAN is also necessary. One can but hope that a book like this is put into the high school history curriculum. Perhaps then, a future partnership can be forged that will make something of the historical mess that North American has handed its first inhabitants.
Paul Weiss
December 2, 2020
Thomas King wrote the following at the beginning:
“The Inconvenient Indian” is
fraught with history, underlying narrative is a series of conversations and arguments that I’ve been having with myself and others for most of my adult life, and if there is any methodology in my approach to the subject, it draws more on storytelling techniques than historiography”.
“Any discussion of Indians in North America is likely to conjure at a certain amount of rage. And sorrow. Along with moments of irony and humor”.
When Thomas King was a child, Indians were Indians. “Sometimes Indians were Mohawks, or Cherokees or Crees or Blackfoot or Tlingits or Seminoles.
Eventually Indians became Amerindians, and Aboriginals and Indigenous People and American Indians. Lately, Indians have become First Nations in Canada and Native Americans in the United States, but the fact of the matter is that there has never been a good collective noun because there never was a collective to begin with”.
My daughter and her husband live in Calgary... ( they sent me this book), and there’s a little town in Alberta north of Jasper called Pocahontas, where you can rent a little cabin with a kitchenette in the heart of nature. Guests can relax, enjoy email at the Poco Cafe - and enjoy their hot springs.
I laughed when Thomas King said it was on his bucket list, to visit. I hope he had a chance to stay there. I wouldn’t mind spending a couple of nights there myself.
I loved Thomas writing. He made reading about the history intimate. He was often funny... yet he wrote & educated readers about the deeper truths, concerns and issues of native peoples in both Canada and the United States with more stories of substance than the fiction of the Almo massacre and Pocahontas.
“For us Live Indians, being invisible is annoying enough, but being inauthentic is crushing”.
Live Indians and Dead Indians came together at powwow ceremonies and art markets from Alberta to Arizona, Oklahoma to Ontario, the Northwest Territories to New Mexico.
“Dead Indians are dignified, noble, silent, suitably garbed. And dead. Live Indians are invisible, unruly, disappointing. And breathing. One is a romantic reminder of a heroic but sectional passed. The other is simply an unpleasant, contemporary surprise”.
... entertaining, enraging, informative and reflective—
The decline and destruction of the Indian tribes was eye opening.
Thomas King made no apologies for the history... but rather allowed us, the reader,
to experience the impact the culture had pushed aside to justify the compliances with western beliefs.
Treaties were made and abrogated in order for the Canadian and US government to easily take the land from Natives.
The expression of “Inconvenient Indians” and “Dead Indians” — “Real Indians” and “Legal Indians”, explain how the native peoples were/are perceived by the general population.
Packed with history, and humor.
King has a wonderful engaging sardonic style of writing, while thoroughly examining the horrific accounts of the European adventures in North America that still unfortunately continue today.
White history in North America was shameful.
King uncovers the uncomfortable truths — without beating whites over the head —
He simply educates with a witty personality.
The research was impeccable, and ambitious....
This would be a fantastic
historical discussion book for high school students in both United States and Canada.
Many thanks to my son-in-law, Adam, for sending me this book.
“The Inconvenient Indian” is
fraught with history, underlying narrative is a series of conversations and arguments that I’ve been having with myself and others for most of my adult life, and if there is any methodology in my approach to the subject, it draws more on storytelling techniques than historiography”.
“Any discussion of Indians in North America is likely to conjure at a certain amount of rage. And sorrow. Along with moments of irony and humor”.
When Thomas King was a child, Indians were Indians. “Sometimes Indians were Mohawks, or Cherokees or Crees or Blackfoot or Tlingits or Seminoles.
Eventually Indians became Amerindians, and Aboriginals and Indigenous People and American Indians. Lately, Indians have become First Nations in Canada and Native Americans in the United States, but the fact of the matter is that there has never been a good collective noun because there never was a collective to begin with”.
My daughter and her husband live in Calgary... ( they sent me this book), and there’s a little town in Alberta north of Jasper called Pocahontas, where you can rent a little cabin with a kitchenette in the heart of nature. Guests can relax, enjoy email at the Poco Cafe - and enjoy their hot springs.
I laughed when Thomas King said it was on his bucket list, to visit. I hope he had a chance to stay there. I wouldn’t mind spending a couple of nights there myself.
I loved Thomas writing. He made reading about the history intimate. He was often funny... yet he wrote & educated readers about the deeper truths, concerns and issues of native peoples in both Canada and the United States with more stories of substance than the fiction of the Almo massacre and Pocahontas.
“For us Live Indians, being invisible is annoying enough, but being inauthentic is crushing”.
Live Indians and Dead Indians came together at powwow ceremonies and art markets from Alberta to Arizona, Oklahoma to Ontario, the Northwest Territories to New Mexico.
“Dead Indians are dignified, noble, silent, suitably garbed. And dead. Live Indians are invisible, unruly, disappointing. And breathing. One is a romantic reminder of a heroic but sectional passed. The other is simply an unpleasant, contemporary surprise”.
... entertaining, enraging, informative and reflective—
The decline and destruction of the Indian tribes was eye opening.
Thomas King made no apologies for the history... but rather allowed us, the reader,
to experience the impact the culture had pushed aside to justify the compliances with western beliefs.
Treaties were made and abrogated in order for the Canadian and US government to easily take the land from Natives.
The expression of “Inconvenient Indians” and “Dead Indians” — “Real Indians” and “Legal Indians”, explain how the native peoples were/are perceived by the general population.
Packed with history, and humor.
King has a wonderful engaging sardonic style of writing, while thoroughly examining the horrific accounts of the European adventures in North America that still unfortunately continue today.
White history in North America was shameful.
King uncovers the uncomfortable truths — without beating whites over the head —
He simply educates with a witty personality.
The research was impeccable, and ambitious....
This would be a fantastic
historical discussion book for high school students in both United States and Canada.
Many thanks to my son-in-law, Adam, for sending me this book.
July 1, 2013
Tough one to review. King explicitly states at the outset it will be his own personal approach to a topic that spans 500+ years, consists of hundreds if not thousands of independent tribes (not a heterogeneous group - call them First Nations, Aboriginals, Native Americans, or Indians, as he prefers), and is fraught with legal, political, tribal and even linguistic complexity that crosses and differs across borders.
He acknowledges that he is more comfortable with fiction, and that he won't be presenting a scholarly, historical account filled with facts.
And he doesn't. Yet - as the chapters mount (once the Hollywood chapter is out of the way), the facts he does present, welded together by anger and - if you're familiar with his fiction, this is no surprise - the surehandedness of a seasoned story-teller, are as or more compelling than if this was more rigorously footnoted.
And, he's Thomas King - he's got authorly, as well as Indian, credibility. So we can cut him some slack for the occasional lapse into cherry-picking and/or a feigned non-chalant irony that started to grate on me a bit.
He's not trying to persuade the reader to a particular point of view or a preferred solution. Still, the book is persuasive - even if it needs to be read in context with a lot of other fictional and non-fictional explorations of the topic.
Even if you're pretty up to date with Native history, you'll probably pick up a few tidbits here and there. What you won't find are any easy answers - because there just aren't any to be found.
When you're dealing with 500 years of messy, brutal colonization, and fundamentally two very different worlds on a collision course, is there any definitive way to make sense of it? Don't we all have to grapple with it in our own way, coming at it from our own unique perspective - either as colonist or colonized?
For me, on this topic, the question is: what happens after "I'm sorry"? How do we move forward, and to where?
I'm surprised King didn't write about the Truth & Reconciliation Commission (he was covering a LOT of ground and being as even-handed as possible in his focus on US v. Canada; I wonder if some honing in on one or the other might have been beneficial?). Also, in a subsequent edition - if there is to be one - I imagine he will add commentary about the Idle No More movement (which really got going around the time this was first published) - I'd like to hear his take on both things.
As a digression, a month or so ago we had an event at work that brought together leaders from a bunch of First Nations groups. The event started with a brief welcome to "our" offices, then we turned it over to a Cree elder, who performed a smudging ceremony. She translated her prayers into English. She called on "the spirits of all the animals, the birds, the insects, the rocks and our ancestors of this land of the Mississaugas of the New Credit" - the band that currently has an outstanding land claim on the very ground on which we were standing. Subtle but powerful moment. We thought we were welcoming them. Our colossal arrogance - entirely unintentional - but still.
This is where King leaves off ... with the land, and who has it, who wants it, who "owns" it.
It's messy. And the only way through it, I think, is honest, authentic dialogue. This book is part of that dialogue.
Still, that dialogue is not going to fix anything. It won't erase the past or heal it. I'm not even sure it can carve out a constructive future.
But is there anything else?
He acknowledges that he is more comfortable with fiction, and that he won't be presenting a scholarly, historical account filled with facts.
And he doesn't. Yet - as the chapters mount (once the Hollywood chapter is out of the way), the facts he does present, welded together by anger and - if you're familiar with his fiction, this is no surprise - the surehandedness of a seasoned story-teller, are as or more compelling than if this was more rigorously footnoted.
And, he's Thomas King - he's got authorly, as well as Indian, credibility. So we can cut him some slack for the occasional lapse into cherry-picking and/or a feigned non-chalant irony that started to grate on me a bit.
He's not trying to persuade the reader to a particular point of view or a preferred solution. Still, the book is persuasive - even if it needs to be read in context with a lot of other fictional and non-fictional explorations of the topic.
Even if you're pretty up to date with Native history, you'll probably pick up a few tidbits here and there. What you won't find are any easy answers - because there just aren't any to be found.
When you're dealing with 500 years of messy, brutal colonization, and fundamentally two very different worlds on a collision course, is there any definitive way to make sense of it? Don't we all have to grapple with it in our own way, coming at it from our own unique perspective - either as colonist or colonized?
For me, on this topic, the question is: what happens after "I'm sorry"? How do we move forward, and to where?
I'm surprised King didn't write about the Truth & Reconciliation Commission (he was covering a LOT of ground and being as even-handed as possible in his focus on US v. Canada; I wonder if some honing in on one or the other might have been beneficial?). Also, in a subsequent edition - if there is to be one - I imagine he will add commentary about the Idle No More movement (which really got going around the time this was first published) - I'd like to hear his take on both things.
As a digression, a month or so ago we had an event at work that brought together leaders from a bunch of First Nations groups. The event started with a brief welcome to "our" offices, then we turned it over to a Cree elder, who performed a smudging ceremony. She translated her prayers into English. She called on "the spirits of all the animals, the birds, the insects, the rocks and our ancestors of this land of the Mississaugas of the New Credit" - the band that currently has an outstanding land claim on the very ground on which we were standing. Subtle but powerful moment. We thought we were welcoming them. Our colossal arrogance - entirely unintentional - but still.
This is where King leaves off ... with the land, and who has it, who wants it, who "owns" it.
It's messy. And the only way through it, I think, is honest, authentic dialogue. This book is part of that dialogue.
Still, that dialogue is not going to fix anything. It won't erase the past or heal it. I'm not even sure it can carve out a constructive future.
But is there anything else?
April 25, 2016
”[For] me at least, writing a novel is buttering warm toast, while writing a history is herding porcupines with your elbows.”
I might never have read this book, had it not been a selection for my real-life book club. I thoroughly enjoyed the author’s novel The Back of the Turtle last year—it was one of my 5 star selections. His humour and style are both very appealing to me and reading it was like buttering warm toast. But I’m not much of a non-fiction history reader. I feel like I did my time reading history while taking my Canadian Studies degree, and now I want to concentrate on fiction and non-history non-fiction, if you understand me there.
So, I approached this book with trepidation. And what can I possibly say about Thomas King’s The Inconvenient Indian? It is well written—I would expect nothing less from so able an author. He herded his porcupines well.
It is tough. Tough on the dominant society, as it should be. For me, it was tough to read. I imagine as a white Canadian reading this, I felt very much like men feel when they read feminist critiques of modern society. A bit bewildered—okay, I know that things need to change, but how? I didn’t come out of this book with a clear idea of what should be done or if there is anything that I can do to improve the situation.
I would have appreciated a bibliography or a few notes or something—to point me to other reading material should I decide to pursue one of the topics he references.
An important book in the Canadian conversation and one that should be read widely, perhaps taught in our high schools.
February 7, 2017
The Inconvenient Indian is, as it states, an account of some events that have occurred in the history of the Native people of North America. It isn’t necessarily a chronological history, but more of a layman’s introductory guide into this subject. So for a reader such as myself, this book was the perfect place to start.
The book covers a wide variety of topics such as (mis)representation of Indians in Hollywood, implications of mandatory residential schools, temporary treaties, wars, the (mis)conception of what Indians ‘want’, and more. While he does generalize at times, he is fair about providing examples that support his generalizations to quite a large extent. He tears apart common myths, stereotypes, and fabricated histories of Native people by Whites.
At times we even get an overview of the White-Indian relationships and how they’ve consistently disadvantaged the Indians. In forms of either annihilation or assimilation, Whites have continually sought to deal with this ‘Indian problem’ that doesn’t seem to go away. US Presidents such as John F. Kennedy and Obama as well as Canadian PM’s like Stephen Harper, despite coming out fair and liberal in the media, have grossly neglected the abuses of the Native people while also claiming they’ve never really involved themselves in Indian societies anyway. As King states,
King further breaks down the way North America has classified Natives into little boxes with labels such as Legal Indian, Live Indian, and Dead Indian (or Status or non-Status Indian in Canada). Despite the complexity of Native people and their tribes, they’ve been bundled up together unfairly and so the absolute ignorance of Whites continues to thrive even today.
Despite all of this holding truth, he also admits that Native people have their own set of faults and that sometimes they’ve ended up kicking themselves in the gut because of petty issues. One of the things that stands out most here is that Native people, just as Whites, also had slaves and despite the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863, some Natives refused to give up this practice. While it would be unfair to judge them by the standards of the ‘civilized White people’, slavery in the end is still slavery and there aren’t a lot of grey areas in this.
In the end, I took two things away from this book in attempting to understand why/how Indian-White relationships work (or don’t work). First of which is the misconception that all Native people are the same, that they share the same culture, history, etc. They do not. To assume so is unfair to an entire continent of people and leads to more misunderstandings, prejudice, and unjust systems. Second, often Indians seemed to be asked the question, ‘what do Indians want?’ and very clearly this is the wrong question. It’s never been about what Indians want. It’s about what Whites want. To pretend so otherwise is a sloppy perspective of North America’s history.
King writes this book with a lot of emotions, anger and frustration the most obvious. Despite the fact that this will rub some readers the wrong way, I can both understand and sympathize with his tone of voice. This is his history so yes, this is personal.
The book covers a wide variety of topics such as (mis)representation of Indians in Hollywood, implications of mandatory residential schools, temporary treaties, wars, the (mis)conception of what Indians ‘want’, and more. While he does generalize at times, he is fair about providing examples that support his generalizations to quite a large extent. He tears apart common myths, stereotypes, and fabricated histories of Native people by Whites.
At times we even get an overview of the White-Indian relationships and how they’ve consistently disadvantaged the Indians. In forms of either annihilation or assimilation, Whites have continually sought to deal with this ‘Indian problem’ that doesn’t seem to go away. US Presidents such as John F. Kennedy and Obama as well as Canadian PM’s like Stephen Harper, despite coming out fair and liberal in the media, have grossly neglected the abuses of the Native people while also claiming they’ve never really involved themselves in Indian societies anyway. As King states,
“…in the political world, apologies seem to have little to do with responsibility, and it appears that one can say ‘I’m sorry’ and ‘I’m not responsible’ in the same breath.”
King further breaks down the way North America has classified Natives into little boxes with labels such as Legal Indian, Live Indian, and Dead Indian (or Status or non-Status Indian in Canada). Despite the complexity of Native people and their tribes, they’ve been bundled up together unfairly and so the absolute ignorance of Whites continues to thrive even today.
Despite all of this holding truth, he also admits that Native people have their own set of faults and that sometimes they’ve ended up kicking themselves in the gut because of petty issues. One of the things that stands out most here is that Native people, just as Whites, also had slaves and despite the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863, some Natives refused to give up this practice. While it would be unfair to judge them by the standards of the ‘civilized White people’, slavery in the end is still slavery and there aren’t a lot of grey areas in this.
In the end, I took two things away from this book in attempting to understand why/how Indian-White relationships work (or don’t work). First of which is the misconception that all Native people are the same, that they share the same culture, history, etc. They do not. To assume so is unfair to an entire continent of people and leads to more misunderstandings, prejudice, and unjust systems. Second, often Indians seemed to be asked the question, ‘what do Indians want?’ and very clearly this is the wrong question. It’s never been about what Indians want. It’s about what Whites want. To pretend so otherwise is a sloppy perspective of North America’s history.
King writes this book with a lot of emotions, anger and frustration the most obvious. Despite the fact that this will rub some readers the wrong way, I can both understand and sympathize with his tone of voice. This is his history so yes, this is personal.
May 5, 2016
Just last week, CBC News announced it was closing comments on articles about indigenous peoples, because at the moment, it cannot guarantee sufficient moderation to sustain polite discourse. In addition to the usual trolls, some people were writing hate speech motivated by a misconception of the state of indigenous peoples in Canada. And while this is reprehensible, it probably shouldn’t be surprising. We white people are very good at ignoring indigenous people—until we want their land, that is.
The Inconvenient Indian: A Curious Account of Native People in North America is Thomas King’s attempt to make some kind of sense of the conflicting narratives and myths created about the European occupation of North America. I approached this book as someone who is interested in gaining a deeper awareness of indigenous perspectives on indigenous issues. I’m already sympathetic to these ideas and have a surface-level understanding of some of the challenges Indigenous people face as a result of colonialism. I don’t think this book would work for someone who, say, is not so sympathetic or is actively labouring under the types of misconceptions that I hear all-too-often in Thunder Bay.
Unlike Stephen Harper, I have no trouble admitting that Canada has a history of colonialism. As King demonstrates in the Chapter 7, “Forget About It,” that colonialism is ongoing. It has never stopped. And while I thought I understood this prior to reading The Inconvenient Indian, the implications of this continuum of colonialism only crystallized for me after reading this book.
We don’t learn enough about our history of colonialism in schools. It’s convenient, for instance, for us to subscribe to the fiction that we aren’t responsible for anything that happened before 1867. That was Britain and France, we say—blame those European powers! (Strangely enough, we’re quite happy to claim we “won” the War of 1812 despite not being a country back then, either.) But for all the noise that provincial governments make about curricula, indigenous peoples were largely absent from my education. And while I understand now that the colonization and oppression of indigenous people is ongoing, it took King’s book to help me connect these two ideas—that is to say, our education system leaves us ignorant because colonialism is ongoing. I learned about the slavery and the triangle trade in history class, because these things are done and gone, and we can talk about them as “terrible tragedies” with the required distance of history. (N.B., I know that slavery is still a huge problem in Canada, and similarly, racism against black people is an ongoing issue we need to deal with as a society. But slavery is underground instead of legalized, and while racism against black people is endemic and systemic, it is not codified in our laws the way it is with indigenous people and the Indian Act.) But talking about our history with indigenous nations requires us to look at how things are “better” now … and as King points out, over and over in this book, things aren’t better; we’re just adept at discriminating in new and creative ways.
It’s this cyclical view that was the gamechanger for me here. I knew we had been colonialist in the past, and I knew we were being colonialist now, but King lines everything up and connects the dots in a way that shows how our current attitudes emerged from past ones. And so I can see now that a statement I might have made previously, like, “The situation of indigenous peoples in Canada is still pretty bad, but it has gotten a lot better in recent years” is just woefully inaccurate. Although it’s true that some bands and nations have made great strides in some areas, others have seen setbacks; it’s so difficult to quantify whether things are getting better or worse, because overall our society remains hostile and racist.
Disagree? I refer you to the CBC comments section.
Naturally, being a teacher, I’m all for education. But King has a wet blanket for me, too; he puts it very elegantly in the final chapter:
He does go on to say, “If nothing else, an examination of the past—and of the present, for that matter—can be instructive,” so education is helpful—just not enough on its own. Because when you get right down to it, our governments, past and present, have always known what they were doing. They want “inconvenient Indians” to disappear. They wish that indigenous peoples were relegated to history like they are so often portrayed in Hollywood. And if we truly are a democracy where governments reflect the will of the people—where governments refuse to take a stand about land rights or missing and murdered women or police brutality because it would mean upsetting affluent white voters—then the will of the people sucks, and we should be ashamed.
I was reading a recent issue of National Geographic, and it had an article about a national park in Scandinavia. It mentioned the Sami people, indigenous peoples of that area. I did a doubletake. I didn’t know there were people indigenous to that area! (I knew there are plenty of indigenous cultures in various parts of the world, just not there.) Our society is not interested in highlighting the diversity of indigenous cultures anywhere, because it would mean admitting that we need to talk to the members of these cultures, to treat them like human beings, to deal with them fairly. And we can’t do that, because they have land we want. Land we deserve, I guess, because we’re better at exploiting it?
I should note that the above tirade is my own and not King’s. Actually, despite his hefty cynicism, King is fairly conciliatory in tone. He’s not here to accuse or point fingers at white people in general; he’s not saying you are a bad person. But acknowledging our privilege and the way we interact with our racist society is important.
As King mentions, this is all about the land. It’s not just a problem of racism; it’s a problem of capitalism. We live in a world that rewards a certain perspective, one in which property and people are both commodities valued only for what they can produce, not their intrinsic qualities. This is a noxious philosophy, but it has made many people rich, and so they defend it. And, unfortunately, attempts to improve or replace this system have sometimes backfired spectacularly.
The Inconvenient Indian is an account of indigenous peoples in North America rather than a history. King explains this choice in the prologue, and I understand. He’s not here to be a scholar—others have done that. He’s here to make a point. He does so eloquently and exhaustively. Each chapter is full of facts (as much as he maligns them) and anecdotes and impressive lists of dates and events. At every turn, he confronts us with the reality that the Canadian and American governments have never dealt with indigenous peoples in good faith, have broken treaties and promises whenever it suited them, and have alternatively attempted to exterminate or legislate indigenous people out of existence.
It’s a grim story. But it is our story. And King does, to his credit, try to end on a happy note. While he can’t point to things getting better, he highlights two “recent” massive land claims (in Alaska and in the creation of Nunavut) that have set some precedents. And he reminds us that whatever the past and present holds, the future is yet unwritten: indigenous cultures and people can change, just as the rest of society can change.
If we will it.
So educate yourself. Read this book. Get uncomfortable. Talk about racism. Challenge your behaviour and the behaviour of the friends. This won’t go away unless we do something about it.
The Inconvenient Indian: A Curious Account of Native People in North America is Thomas King’s attempt to make some kind of sense of the conflicting narratives and myths created about the European occupation of North America. I approached this book as someone who is interested in gaining a deeper awareness of indigenous perspectives on indigenous issues. I’m already sympathetic to these ideas and have a surface-level understanding of some of the challenges Indigenous people face as a result of colonialism. I don’t think this book would work for someone who, say, is not so sympathetic or is actively labouring under the types of misconceptions that I hear all-too-often in Thunder Bay.
Unlike Stephen Harper, I have no trouble admitting that Canada has a history of colonialism. As King demonstrates in the Chapter 7, “Forget About It,” that colonialism is ongoing. It has never stopped. And while I thought I understood this prior to reading The Inconvenient Indian, the implications of this continuum of colonialism only crystallized for me after reading this book.
We don’t learn enough about our history of colonialism in schools. It’s convenient, for instance, for us to subscribe to the fiction that we aren’t responsible for anything that happened before 1867. That was Britain and France, we say—blame those European powers! (Strangely enough, we’re quite happy to claim we “won” the War of 1812 despite not being a country back then, either.) But for all the noise that provincial governments make about curricula, indigenous peoples were largely absent from my education. And while I understand now that the colonization and oppression of indigenous people is ongoing, it took King’s book to help me connect these two ideas—that is to say, our education system leaves us ignorant because colonialism is ongoing. I learned about the slavery and the triangle trade in history class, because these things are done and gone, and we can talk about them as “terrible tragedies” with the required distance of history. (N.B., I know that slavery is still a huge problem in Canada, and similarly, racism against black people is an ongoing issue we need to deal with as a society. But slavery is underground instead of legalized, and while racism against black people is endemic and systemic, it is not codified in our laws the way it is with indigenous people and the Indian Act.) But talking about our history with indigenous nations requires us to look at how things are “better” now … and as King points out, over and over in this book, things aren’t better; we’re just adept at discriminating in new and creative ways.
It’s this cyclical view that was the gamechanger for me here. I knew we had been colonialist in the past, and I knew we were being colonialist now, but King lines everything up and connects the dots in a way that shows how our current attitudes emerged from past ones. And so I can see now that a statement I might have made previously, like, “The situation of indigenous peoples in Canada is still pretty bad, but it has gotten a lot better in recent years” is just woefully inaccurate. Although it’s true that some bands and nations have made great strides in some areas, others have seen setbacks; it’s so difficult to quantify whether things are getting better or worse, because overall our society remains hostile and racist.
Disagree? I refer you to the CBC comments section.
Naturally, being a teacher, I’m all for education. But King has a wet blanket for me, too; he puts it very elegantly in the final chapter:
Ignorance has never been the problem. The problem was and continues to be unexamined confidence in western civilization and the unwarranted certainty of Christianity. And arrogance. Perhaps it is unfair to judge the past by the present, but it is also necessary.
He does go on to say, “If nothing else, an examination of the past—and of the present, for that matter—can be instructive,” so education is helpful—just not enough on its own. Because when you get right down to it, our governments, past and present, have always known what they were doing. They want “inconvenient Indians” to disappear. They wish that indigenous peoples were relegated to history like they are so often portrayed in Hollywood. And if we truly are a democracy where governments reflect the will of the people—where governments refuse to take a stand about land rights or missing and murdered women or police brutality because it would mean upsetting affluent white voters—then the will of the people sucks, and we should be ashamed.
I was reading a recent issue of National Geographic, and it had an article about a national park in Scandinavia. It mentioned the Sami people, indigenous peoples of that area. I did a doubletake. I didn’t know there were people indigenous to that area! (I knew there are plenty of indigenous cultures in various parts of the world, just not there.) Our society is not interested in highlighting the diversity of indigenous cultures anywhere, because it would mean admitting that we need to talk to the members of these cultures, to treat them like human beings, to deal with them fairly. And we can’t do that, because they have land we want. Land we deserve, I guess, because we’re better at exploiting it?
I should note that the above tirade is my own and not King’s. Actually, despite his hefty cynicism, King is fairly conciliatory in tone. He’s not here to accuse or point fingers at white people in general; he’s not saying you are a bad person. But acknowledging our privilege and the way we interact with our racist society is important.
As King mentions, this is all about the land. It’s not just a problem of racism; it’s a problem of capitalism. We live in a world that rewards a certain perspective, one in which property and people are both commodities valued only for what they can produce, not their intrinsic qualities. This is a noxious philosophy, but it has made many people rich, and so they defend it. And, unfortunately, attempts to improve or replace this system have sometimes backfired spectacularly.
The Inconvenient Indian is an account of indigenous peoples in North America rather than a history. King explains this choice in the prologue, and I understand. He’s not here to be a scholar—others have done that. He’s here to make a point. He does so eloquently and exhaustively. Each chapter is full of facts (as much as he maligns them) and anecdotes and impressive lists of dates and events. At every turn, he confronts us with the reality that the Canadian and American governments have never dealt with indigenous peoples in good faith, have broken treaties and promises whenever it suited them, and have alternatively attempted to exterminate or legislate indigenous people out of existence.
It’s a grim story. But it is our story. And King does, to his credit, try to end on a happy note. While he can’t point to things getting better, he highlights two “recent” massive land claims (in Alaska and in the creation of Nunavut) that have set some precedents. And he reminds us that whatever the past and present holds, the future is yet unwritten: indigenous cultures and people can change, just as the rest of society can change.
If we will it.
So educate yourself. Read this book. Get uncomfortable. Talk about racism. Challenge your behaviour and the behaviour of the friends. This won’t go away unless we do something about it.
July 25, 2018
I'm glad Thomas King let us know, at the outset, that this book would not be a traditional or comprehensive history text. I'm glad he let his anger show for the repeated abuses and murders committed in Canada and the US of first nations people. This book tells of a very different set of historical events from the ones we were taught in school: a history extremely sanitized and completely without regret or sorrow for the hatred and violence directed at indigenous peoples. While I was frequently upset and angry while reading this book, I actually found myself laughing out loud at King's sardonic and ironic assessments. Also, though the subject matter is not enjoyable, Thomas King's text was illuminating.
March 16, 2025
4.0 Stars
This was a fantastic account of the historical and current indigenous experience on both sides of the borders. At times, it was hilarious. Other times, it was harrowing. Such an important, yet digestible read.
This was a fantastic account of the historical and current indigenous experience on both sides of the borders. At times, it was hilarious. Other times, it was harrowing. Such an important, yet digestible read.
October 1, 2021
4.5 stars
This was a very interesting and informative book and I really enjoyed the authors satirical sense of humor. It was however just a tad bit more history book than I usually like. Although I understand the importance, there were a lot of lists of dates, places and events. Maybe he should have listened to his wife when it came to the lists. :)
Definitely recommend this book, there is a lot to learn and take away from it and the writing style overall is very readable.
This was a very interesting and informative book and I really enjoyed the authors satirical sense of humor. It was however just a tad bit more history book than I usually like. Although I understand the importance, there were a lot of lists of dates, places and events. Maybe he should have listened to his wife when it came to the lists. :)
Definitely recommend this book, there is a lot to learn and take away from it and the writing style overall is very readable.
August 17, 2015
Not as good as I expected, given the buzz. Too bad, because there is a need for an accessible review of North American history from a Native perspective. Such a book could do much to engage Canadians and Americans with Native issues.
Unfortunately, this book isn't that, and it can't seem to decide what it is. At times it reads like a light and sarcastic opinion piece, other times we get lists of names and historical places with too little context. The net result is a book too hollow to satisfy a reader who wants to dive into First Nations history, and yet too dry to be a lightweight and quick read.
Unfortunately, this book isn't that, and it can't seem to decide what it is. At times it reads like a light and sarcastic opinion piece, other times we get lists of names and historical places with too little context. The net result is a book too hollow to satisfy a reader who wants to dive into First Nations history, and yet too dry to be a lightweight and quick read.
November 10, 2025
My only non-fiction recommendation of the year.
Absolutely brilliant book on the history of indigenous people in North America in a powerful voice of frustration mixed with impeccable sarcasm & wit. 🪶 ✊
The author narrates the history of the indigenous people with insights of pop culture & their own experience of activism. They do a fantastic job showing how all aspects of (de)colonialism, continued biases and ever-shifting laws work together to repress the indigenous population of North America (more focus on the US than Canada).
INCREDIBLY EASY TO READ! If you are interested in the topic but worried about getting through a non-fiction book fear not. Difficult topics are addressed in a sarcastic tone that makes ridiculous arbitrary persecution of First Nations clear & astounding.
I’m angry and here is why you should be too.
Absolutely brilliant book on the history of indigenous people in North America in a powerful voice of frustration mixed with impeccable sarcasm & wit. 🪶 ✊
The author narrates the history of the indigenous people with insights of pop culture & their own experience of activism. They do a fantastic job showing how all aspects of (de)colonialism, continued biases and ever-shifting laws work together to repress the indigenous population of North America (more focus on the US than Canada).
INCREDIBLY EASY TO READ! If you are interested in the topic but worried about getting through a non-fiction book fear not. Difficult topics are addressed in a sarcastic tone that makes ridiculous arbitrary persecution of First Nations clear & astounding.
I’m angry and here is why you should be too.
December 27, 2012
Thomas King makes facts, if not palatable, readable. However, when I say "readable" I mean that you will no longer forget them AND they will change your way of looking at life, history and "Indians". This particular book should be required reading in all North American high schools. Rather than have a segment of curriculum in elementary school for the study of "Aboriginal peoples" what schools need to do is put King and Richard Wagamese on the required reading lists for all students. And dare I add teachers. Perhaps then we'd stop studying a dead culture and realize that for all the genocidal efforts First Nations, Indians, Indigenous people are still here. Yes, we are inconvenient, but we have survived and we have no intention of going away quietly or otherwise.
His treatment is light handed and fair, but no matter who you are, you will learn something and be changed.
His treatment is light handed and fair, but no matter who you are, you will learn something and be changed.
February 3, 2015
A reader looking for a history of Native Americans in Canada and the United States (it is that) should be aware that this work is better labeled a book of essays written by a Native American focusing on the injustices that occurred after whites discovered the continent. And King does a good job of it. It’s a continuously bleak topic, but he interjects humorous asides and anecdotes to make it bearable.
There will likely be many, many detractors arguing how opinionated King is, or that he didn’t bring up this topic or that. Or whatever. My guess is that whatever those complaints are, they have been addressed many times over in history books. But that isn’t what he set out to do. He goes through history outlining loss of land, broken treaties, and defeats. He provides a First Persons/Native analysis of why his peoples come up with the short end of the stick. He also discusses the intent and attitude of white people from a First Persons/Native American viewpoint.
He tries to look for bright spots, but even today, the successes of tribes against governments are few. Even legislators who intend to help, often do not consult native Americans or wind of with legislation that is detrimental rather than helpful. There is some buying of land and putting it in trust, but there are many other negative outcomes – (for example, think fracking.)
Since I finished this book, I’ve been noticing current issues I’ve come across in the newspaper regarding Native Americans.
-One is the horrifying conditions of government Indian schools. The amount of money put toward them since 2008 is abysmal. Here in Minnesota, a suburban legislator proposed state money for infrastructure at the Leech Lake reserve (without consulting the tribe, as usual) and totally pissing off the national legislator attempting to get money for the school. Just watch, this little feud, will likely leave the reservation school with nothing gained.
-One of the wealthiest tribes (casino money) in the country exists in the south suburbs of the Twin Cities. They are buying land and putting it into trust. However, they are also giving back and covering the cost of many civic expenditures. One county commissioner in particular is extremely opposed to all of this – because it takes money out of the tax base and leaves the land unreachable. Hmmm……interesting what happens when the shoe is on the other foot.
-The last article I’d like to mention was a travel page story about a woman who had visited some remote southwestern state canyon inhabited by some small tribe. (It was beautiful and stunning and quiet, but I’ll bet she didn’t visit it in the heat of summer.) The tours are led by natives and they were told that if they were lucky a particular “character” would visit in the evening. One of the points King talks about is how much whites love dead Indians – both literally and figuratively, meaning those in caraicture/stereotype wearing headdress or warpaint. Well, this “character” was more traditionally dressed and told stories…..well, the writer was thrilled!!!!
King does, toward the end of the book, discuss some solutions/public policy that could address current white-indian relations. But, I believe the book would have been more effective had it had two sections. The first, being most of the book he’s written. And a second section of suggestions for public policy wonks. I think King is well-enough versed in current issues to have done this and I think the book could have served a wider purpose.
There will likely be many, many detractors arguing how opinionated King is, or that he didn’t bring up this topic or that. Or whatever. My guess is that whatever those complaints are, they have been addressed many times over in history books. But that isn’t what he set out to do. He goes through history outlining loss of land, broken treaties, and defeats. He provides a First Persons/Native analysis of why his peoples come up with the short end of the stick. He also discusses the intent and attitude of white people from a First Persons/Native American viewpoint.
He tries to look for bright spots, but even today, the successes of tribes against governments are few. Even legislators who intend to help, often do not consult native Americans or wind of with legislation that is detrimental rather than helpful. There is some buying of land and putting it in trust, but there are many other negative outcomes – (for example, think fracking.)
Since I finished this book, I’ve been noticing current issues I’ve come across in the newspaper regarding Native Americans.
-One is the horrifying conditions of government Indian schools. The amount of money put toward them since 2008 is abysmal. Here in Minnesota, a suburban legislator proposed state money for infrastructure at the Leech Lake reserve (without consulting the tribe, as usual) and totally pissing off the national legislator attempting to get money for the school. Just watch, this little feud, will likely leave the reservation school with nothing gained.
-One of the wealthiest tribes (casino money) in the country exists in the south suburbs of the Twin Cities. They are buying land and putting it into trust. However, they are also giving back and covering the cost of many civic expenditures. One county commissioner in particular is extremely opposed to all of this – because it takes money out of the tax base and leaves the land unreachable. Hmmm……interesting what happens when the shoe is on the other foot.
-The last article I’d like to mention was a travel page story about a woman who had visited some remote southwestern state canyon inhabited by some small tribe. (It was beautiful and stunning and quiet, but I’ll bet she didn’t visit it in the heat of summer.) The tours are led by natives and they were told that if they were lucky a particular “character” would visit in the evening. One of the points King talks about is how much whites love dead Indians – both literally and figuratively, meaning those in caraicture/stereotype wearing headdress or warpaint. Well, this “character” was more traditionally dressed and told stories…..well, the writer was thrilled!!!!
King does, toward the end of the book, discuss some solutions/public policy that could address current white-indian relations. But, I believe the book would have been more effective had it had two sections. The first, being most of the book he’s written. And a second section of suggestions for public policy wonks. I think King is well-enough versed in current issues to have done this and I think the book could have served a wider purpose.
January 26, 2013
so Tom King (and i can call him that cause everyone in Guelph knows him as Tom rather than Thomas) is very upfront about the fact that this is a personal story for him. yes, he says, there are facts - documented 100% accurate historically-documented facts within The Inconvenient Indian ....but .... as a First Nations story-teller, he knows you will never get the whole picture from facts alone. and he is happy to add the filling between the facts ... a filling rich in his experiences and impressions and perceptions. by sharing bits of information -like why he calls it a curious 'account' rather than history- he lets the reader know. and seriously? how can it (the genocide of his ancestors) not be personal?? Despite King’s assertion that this is not a history, there certainly is a lot of history included. honestly I find the factual details the least interesting. i much prefer it when King is a little whimsical …. like here on page 79
‘In Beckett’s play, as everyone knows, Godot never arrives. In the Native version, Europeans never leave. In some ways I envy Vladimir and Estagon. Who knows what unfortunate turns their lives might have taken had Godot managed to land on their shores?’
Or when he presents ideas that aren’t exactly his own original thoughts but still very much from his own perspective, like these little gems:
‘Missionary work in the New World was war.’ from page 103
‘Land has always been the defining element of Aboriginal culture. Land contains the languages, the stories, and the histories of a people.’ from page 218. he goes on to say that the non-native society -not particular individuals mind you - but the overall hive-mind attitude regarding land is more about what it is worth … it has value not for it’s mere existence, but for what can be gotten from it. it is very difficult for those two worlds to relate to each other …. impossible for them to co-exist in the same space, at the same time.
‘The problem was and continues to be unexamined confidence in western civilization and the unwarranted certainty of Christianity.’ from page 265 kind of sums up King's view, and it makes absolute sense to me. the western mindset has little tolerance for opposing views. sure we love Thai food and Russian novels and go to yoga and meditation classes … we love to travel and experience other places. BUT ... we do all these things from the safe and sanctimonious, privileged place that only comes with being a member of the dominant culture. we do all these things knowing we will be comfortable and safe. we have HUGE expectations of our government to come to our rescue should we travel a little to far off the beaten path and fall of the edge of ‘the civilized world’. and yeah sure we criticize our government …. but it comes across as whining more than genuine demand for change. King is right about the hive-mind of the western world. comfort and abundance and privilege and security binds us to capitalism and Christianity and all the ills of the world that come with them.
‘In Beckett’s play, as everyone knows, Godot never arrives. In the Native version, Europeans never leave. In some ways I envy Vladimir and Estagon. Who knows what unfortunate turns their lives might have taken had Godot managed to land on their shores?’
Or when he presents ideas that aren’t exactly his own original thoughts but still very much from his own perspective, like these little gems:
‘Missionary work in the New World was war.’ from page 103
‘Land has always been the defining element of Aboriginal culture. Land contains the languages, the stories, and the histories of a people.’ from page 218. he goes on to say that the non-native society -not particular individuals mind you - but the overall hive-mind attitude regarding land is more about what it is worth … it has value not for it’s mere existence, but for what can be gotten from it. it is very difficult for those two worlds to relate to each other …. impossible for them to co-exist in the same space, at the same time.
‘The problem was and continues to be unexamined confidence in western civilization and the unwarranted certainty of Christianity.’ from page 265 kind of sums up King's view, and it makes absolute sense to me. the western mindset has little tolerance for opposing views. sure we love Thai food and Russian novels and go to yoga and meditation classes … we love to travel and experience other places. BUT ... we do all these things from the safe and sanctimonious, privileged place that only comes with being a member of the dominant culture. we do all these things knowing we will be comfortable and safe. we have HUGE expectations of our government to come to our rescue should we travel a little to far off the beaten path and fall of the edge of ‘the civilized world’. and yeah sure we criticize our government …. but it comes across as whining more than genuine demand for change. King is right about the hive-mind of the western world. comfort and abundance and privilege and security binds us to capitalism and Christianity and all the ills of the world that come with them.
read-nonfiction
January 20, 2026I picked this up in a little lending library a few weeks ago. I couldn’t help wondering if it was there because someone didn’t want it on their shelf anymore, given the revelations about King’s ancestry.
There are a lot of people with legitimate reasons for being angry but I’m not the aggrieved party here so I’d feel, um, fake to start sanctimoniously wagging my finger. It’s one of the (usual) times when I’m better off listening than talking. This has gotten so routine that it’s hardly surprising anymore. Buffy Sainte-Marie used up all my shock and that left mixed feelings, mostly just disappointment. I know people who revered her. I don’t know anyone who felt that strongly about King, to most he was the guy predominately white institutions like the cbc and major universities trotted out every time they needed an indigenous voice. So the anger I’ve noticed during the fallout is less nuanced, though not entirely.
And maybe King really didn’t know, right? Well other people did. There were murmurs for a long time. And as a scholar of native studies with admittedly no ties to any Cherokee community, he might have been more sceptical of “family lore” with no documentation or community accountability.
But look, I’m wagging that finger. So I’ll stick to the book. I only got as far as the 4th or 5th chapter. Not that it was a bad book, but to say it is an awkward reading experience now is putting it far too mildly. It’s not just a history book, it is a personal meditation where he uses his supposed heritage as the lens through which it looks at the world. You can barely go a page without his use of first person plural pronouns “we” “us” “our”, and it would require the objectivity of a saint not to cringe a little every single time.
The historical facts in the book haven’t changed, and neither has his gift for storytelling. But I can’t read him anymore, it’s like watching a Woody Allen movie. Maybe things are less cut and dry than I give them credit for but there’s enough stink that I don’t want to be in the same room, the experience is too badly tainted. Tough luck guys.
There are a lot of people with legitimate reasons for being angry but I’m not the aggrieved party here so I’d feel, um, fake to start sanctimoniously wagging my finger. It’s one of the (usual) times when I’m better off listening than talking. This has gotten so routine that it’s hardly surprising anymore. Buffy Sainte-Marie used up all my shock and that left mixed feelings, mostly just disappointment. I know people who revered her. I don’t know anyone who felt that strongly about King, to most he was the guy predominately white institutions like the cbc and major universities trotted out every time they needed an indigenous voice. So the anger I’ve noticed during the fallout is less nuanced, though not entirely.
And maybe King really didn’t know, right? Well other people did. There were murmurs for a long time. And as a scholar of native studies with admittedly no ties to any Cherokee community, he might have been more sceptical of “family lore” with no documentation or community accountability.
But look, I’m wagging that finger. So I’ll stick to the book. I only got as far as the 4th or 5th chapter. Not that it was a bad book, but to say it is an awkward reading experience now is putting it far too mildly. It’s not just a history book, it is a personal meditation where he uses his supposed heritage as the lens through which it looks at the world. You can barely go a page without his use of first person plural pronouns “we” “us” “our”, and it would require the objectivity of a saint not to cringe a little every single time.
The historical facts in the book haven’t changed, and neither has his gift for storytelling. But I can’t read him anymore, it’s like watching a Woody Allen movie. Maybe things are less cut and dry than I give them credit for but there’s enough stink that I don’t want to be in the same room, the experience is too badly tainted. Tough luck guys.
November 19, 2014
I have never read any of Thomas King's fiction. This is a curious omission, given how much I've liked the other media of his I've run across, from the Massey Lecture The Trouble With Stories to the halcyon days when the CBC Radio ran The Dead Dog Cafe. (The episode where Gracie and Jasper were writing political slogans will always be near and dear to my heart. I still know the Stockwell Day one off by heart.)
Note: The rest of this review has been withdrawn due to the changes in Goodreads policy and enforcement. You can read why I came to this decision here.
In the meantime, you can read the entire review at Smorgasbook
Note: The rest of this review has been withdrawn due to the changes in Goodreads policy and enforcement. You can read why I came to this decision here.
In the meantime, you can read the entire review at Smorgasbook
January 7, 2015
In The Inconvenient Indian, Thomas King presents both a personal and historical view of the long history of Indian-white interactions in North America since the first explorations and settlements. Using historical facts, occasional humor, much appropriate irony in the face of events, and personal anecdotes, he presents an outline of 500 years of failed and broken compacts and treaties, attempts of varying success to, essentially, declare the Indian gone from this territory -- or at least remove their Indian-ness from them.
In his introduction, King writes,
Truth be known, I prefer fiction. I dislike the way
facts try to thrust themselves upon me. I'd rather
make up my own world. Fictions are less unruly than
histories. The beginnings are more engaging, the
characters more cooperative, the endings more in line
with expectations of morality and justice.
But his task is history and "writing history is herding porcupines with your elbows". After reading this book, you will understand exactly what King means and know who or what those porcupines may be.
King makes a distinction between early explorers and colonists, finding that
Explorers who treated with Indians in the early years
tended to report on Indian-White relationships in
generally positive terms. Colonists, who had to live with
Indians, were more disposed to dwell on what they saw as
the darker side of Native character. Armed with the
divine imperative to subdue the earth, they were, no doubt,
annoyed that the virgin lands they had imagined, the
empty wildernesses they had been promised, were occupied,
and, gazing through the lens that seventeenth-century
Christianity provided, most were only able to see the
basic dichotomy that framed their world, a world that was
either light or dark, good or evil, civilized or savage.
(loc 376)
And this attitude would color relationships for the hundreds of years to follow, to the present day, including the land grabs and creation of reservations or reserves in the United States and Canada, the appropriation of resources, the virtual kidnapping of children and elimination of the right to native custom and religious practice.
I strongly recommend reading this book for several reasons. King has lived the life---he knows what he is writing about and has been "there" at some of the telling moments in the U.S. and Canada over the past several decades. He knows North American history. He also knows how to write in an engaging, sometimes folksy, style that momentarily eases the sting of his words. But these are stings that it is important to hear and feel.
A copy of this book was provided by the publisher through NetGalley in return for an honest review.
In his introduction, King writes,
Truth be known, I prefer fiction. I dislike the way
facts try to thrust themselves upon me. I'd rather
make up my own world. Fictions are less unruly than
histories. The beginnings are more engaging, the
characters more cooperative, the endings more in line
with expectations of morality and justice.
But his task is history and "writing history is herding porcupines with your elbows". After reading this book, you will understand exactly what King means and know who or what those porcupines may be.
King makes a distinction between early explorers and colonists, finding that
Explorers who treated with Indians in the early years
tended to report on Indian-White relationships in
generally positive terms. Colonists, who had to live with
Indians, were more disposed to dwell on what they saw as
the darker side of Native character. Armed with the
divine imperative to subdue the earth, they were, no doubt,
annoyed that the virgin lands they had imagined, the
empty wildernesses they had been promised, were occupied,
and, gazing through the lens that seventeenth-century
Christianity provided, most were only able to see the
basic dichotomy that framed their world, a world that was
either light or dark, good or evil, civilized or savage.
(loc 376)
And this attitude would color relationships for the hundreds of years to follow, to the present day, including the land grabs and creation of reservations or reserves in the United States and Canada, the appropriation of resources, the virtual kidnapping of children and elimination of the right to native custom and religious practice.
I strongly recommend reading this book for several reasons. King has lived the life---he knows what he is writing about and has been "there" at some of the telling moments in the U.S. and Canada over the past several decades. He knows North American history. He also knows how to write in an engaging, sometimes folksy, style that momentarily eases the sting of his words. But these are stings that it is important to hear and feel.
A copy of this book was provided by the publisher through NetGalley in return for an honest review.
February 7, 2017
I'd give this one a 3.5*s easily becuase I learned A LOT from this book about Indians/First Nations/Aboriginal people of North America. I would certainly say that this was a good start point to indroduce me to a history of the continent and the people who live within it, but I did also feel a little bombarded with facts at some points of the book.
This is a book put together by Thomas King - A native Indian. He wanted to show an overview of some of the atrocities and achievements for Aboriginal peoples within Canada and the USA in just under 300pages - that's a big thing to try and do, and yet I think he did a pretty good job of it.
What I liked a lot about this is that it feels really cohesive. Each point leads into the next and the cyclical nature of the history he's recounting also helped with this. As for the 'story' it's more of a meander through the various important cases. Some of which are widely known, most of which are not. This is really the story of how Indians and First Nations people have had their land stolen time and time again by the Whites.
The things I found a little harder about this read were the sheer number of dates, examples and figures we're shown. There;s such a lot of history to cover that it ends up taking up pages of the book with factual data. I don't say it's not interesting - it is - but there's also some pages where I just felt I couldn't take all of it in as much as I wanted to.
The other element which was both hit and miss for me was the cynicism/humour of this tale. We see this through the (self-proclaimed) bias of King and he's chomping at the bit to tell us about these horror stories, lives, and cases. I loved the passion and I think sometimes it worked great in between the examples to include a but of wit/humour. At other times I think it didn't come over as well as he'd hoped and it fell a little flat for me.
Overall I really found this to be a fascinating (if one you need to concentrate on) read. I would definitely recommend it and it's kickstarted a real interest in finding out more for me (which is always good). I look forward to reading more on the First Nations, and I would give this a solid 3.5*s rating :)
This is a book put together by Thomas King - A native Indian. He wanted to show an overview of some of the atrocities and achievements for Aboriginal peoples within Canada and the USA in just under 300pages - that's a big thing to try and do, and yet I think he did a pretty good job of it.
What I liked a lot about this is that it feels really cohesive. Each point leads into the next and the cyclical nature of the history he's recounting also helped with this. As for the 'story' it's more of a meander through the various important cases. Some of which are widely known, most of which are not. This is really the story of how Indians and First Nations people have had their land stolen time and time again by the Whites.
The things I found a little harder about this read were the sheer number of dates, examples and figures we're shown. There;s such a lot of history to cover that it ends up taking up pages of the book with factual data. I don't say it's not interesting - it is - but there's also some pages where I just felt I couldn't take all of it in as much as I wanted to.
The other element which was both hit and miss for me was the cynicism/humour of this tale. We see this through the (self-proclaimed) bias of King and he's chomping at the bit to tell us about these horror stories, lives, and cases. I loved the passion and I think sometimes it worked great in between the examples to include a but of wit/humour. At other times I think it didn't come over as well as he'd hoped and it fell a little flat for me.
Overall I really found this to be a fascinating (if one you need to concentrate on) read. I would definitely recommend it and it's kickstarted a real interest in finding out more for me (which is always good). I look forward to reading more on the First Nations, and I would give this a solid 3.5*s rating :)
August 29, 2022
This is a history book and a biting one. King gives us an overview of Canadian and American native people's history with governments, broken promises and the way they were always ignored what was theirs.
December 4, 2018
Selten sitze ich an einer Rezension und weiß nicht, wie ich anfangen soll. Ich muss zugeben, Thomas King hat mich mit seiner Strukturierung dieses Buches ein wenig verwirrt. Oh, dass sie nicht chronologisch ist, ist nicht mein Problem, das finde ich nachvollziehbar. King erklärt dies folgendermaßen:
„We do NOT know the past in chronological sequence. It may be convenient to lay it out anesthetized on the table with dates pasted on here and there, but what we know by ripples and spirals eddying out from us and from our time“. (Seite xi)
Da hat er meine volle Zustimmung.
Nur kann ich auch keine klare Gliederung nach Themen erkennen. Jetzt bitte nicht denken, dass ich das Buch nicht gut fand; nur weil ich nicht ganz durchsteige, was die Struktur des Buches angeht, ist es ja nicht schlecht, nein, ich mochte es wirklich. Ich gehe einfach einmal auf das ein, was ich besonders eindrücklich fand.
Das fängt damit an, dass King auf einen Aspekt der Geschichte eingeht, der mir besonders wichtig ist, und zwar dass Geschichtsschreibung meistens nicht subjektiv ist und daher ausgewogen zu betrachten ist.
„Most of us think that history is the past. It’s not. History is the stories we tell about the past.“ (Seite 2-3)
King nennt daraufhin ein Beispiel für ein Hinweisschild auf ein angeblich von Indianern verübtes Massaker, bei dem 295 Weiße getötet worden sein sollen. Ein Massaker, das es nie gegeben hat. Jemand hat es sich ausgedacht, eine Geschichte darüber erzählt, andere haben sie weitergegeben, ein Schild wurde aufgestellt und schon wurde aus einer Lüge Geschichte.
Besonders frappierend für mich ist, wie ausgeprägt der Rassismus gegenüber Indianern in der amerikanischen Geschichte war. Folgende Worte stammen von Theodore Roosevelt:
„I don’t go so far as to think that the only good Indians are dead Indians, but I believe nine out of every ten are, and I shouldn’t like to inquire too closely into the case of the tenth.“ (Seite 55)
An dieser Stelle schlägt King eine Brücke zur Gegenwart. Das Indianerbild scheint auch heute noch bestimmt vom „Dead Indian“, dem Indianer der Vergangenheit. Moderne Indianer, die Fernsehgeräte besitzen, will keiner, sie haben „authentisch“ zu sein, Federn zu tragen, Pferde zu reiten und Trommel zu spielen. Echte Indianer sehen nicht fern.
„Live Indians are fallen Indians, modern, contemporary copies, not authentic Indians at all, Indians by biological association only“. (Seite 65)
King erläutert aufschlussreich, wie Indianer noch heute wirtschaftlich und rechtlich benachteiligt werden. Dabei geht es natürlich vorrangig um die Glücksspielindustrie und die Frage des Landbesitzes, für letzteren bringt King nahezu absurde Beispiele, die in einem Fall dazu führten, dass Land in Besitz von First Nations-Indianern halb so viel wert war, als wenn dasselbe Land Weißen gehörte.
Am Ende des Buches steht ein Interview mit Thomas King, in dem vieles noch klarer wird. Kings Buch ist viel mehr als ein Geschichtsbuch, es zeigt auch, womit Indianer sich noch heute in Nordamerika konfrontiert sehen.
Ich hoffe, ihr seht mir diese chaotische Rezension nach. Eine Leseempfehlung spreche ich in jedem Fall aus.
„We do NOT know the past in chronological sequence. It may be convenient to lay it out anesthetized on the table with dates pasted on here and there, but what we know by ripples and spirals eddying out from us and from our time“. (Seite xi)
Da hat er meine volle Zustimmung.
Nur kann ich auch keine klare Gliederung nach Themen erkennen. Jetzt bitte nicht denken, dass ich das Buch nicht gut fand; nur weil ich nicht ganz durchsteige, was die Struktur des Buches angeht, ist es ja nicht schlecht, nein, ich mochte es wirklich. Ich gehe einfach einmal auf das ein, was ich besonders eindrücklich fand.
Das fängt damit an, dass King auf einen Aspekt der Geschichte eingeht, der mir besonders wichtig ist, und zwar dass Geschichtsschreibung meistens nicht subjektiv ist und daher ausgewogen zu betrachten ist.
„Most of us think that history is the past. It’s not. History is the stories we tell about the past.“ (Seite 2-3)
King nennt daraufhin ein Beispiel für ein Hinweisschild auf ein angeblich von Indianern verübtes Massaker, bei dem 295 Weiße getötet worden sein sollen. Ein Massaker, das es nie gegeben hat. Jemand hat es sich ausgedacht, eine Geschichte darüber erzählt, andere haben sie weitergegeben, ein Schild wurde aufgestellt und schon wurde aus einer Lüge Geschichte.
Besonders frappierend für mich ist, wie ausgeprägt der Rassismus gegenüber Indianern in der amerikanischen Geschichte war. Folgende Worte stammen von Theodore Roosevelt:
„I don’t go so far as to think that the only good Indians are dead Indians, but I believe nine out of every ten are, and I shouldn’t like to inquire too closely into the case of the tenth.“ (Seite 55)
An dieser Stelle schlägt King eine Brücke zur Gegenwart. Das Indianerbild scheint auch heute noch bestimmt vom „Dead Indian“, dem Indianer der Vergangenheit. Moderne Indianer, die Fernsehgeräte besitzen, will keiner, sie haben „authentisch“ zu sein, Federn zu tragen, Pferde zu reiten und Trommel zu spielen. Echte Indianer sehen nicht fern.
„Live Indians are fallen Indians, modern, contemporary copies, not authentic Indians at all, Indians by biological association only“. (Seite 65)
King erläutert aufschlussreich, wie Indianer noch heute wirtschaftlich und rechtlich benachteiligt werden. Dabei geht es natürlich vorrangig um die Glücksspielindustrie und die Frage des Landbesitzes, für letzteren bringt King nahezu absurde Beispiele, die in einem Fall dazu führten, dass Land in Besitz von First Nations-Indianern halb so viel wert war, als wenn dasselbe Land Weißen gehörte.
Am Ende des Buches steht ein Interview mit Thomas King, in dem vieles noch klarer wird. Kings Buch ist viel mehr als ein Geschichtsbuch, es zeigt auch, womit Indianer sich noch heute in Nordamerika konfrontiert sehen.
Ich hoffe, ihr seht mir diese chaotische Rezension nach. Eine Leseempfehlung spreche ich in jedem Fall aus.
May 27, 2014
I wasn’t able to read the whole thing before my NetGalley loan expired, but a thorough skim convinced me that King’s is a witty, engaging cultural history of Native American and First Nations peoples. King is of Cherokee descent himself; he was born in California and lived in Alberta and Ontario before settling in Minnesota.
If his tone occasionally comes across as cynical, can you blame him? The story of native peoples in North America is one of constant setbacks and broken promises. Education initiatives and missionaries have often done more harm than good, and it’s a slap in the face to call casinos “the new buffalo.” Removal policies have been compounded by the insult of using reservations for resource mining and landfills. Land is crucial to native peoples’ struggle for individual and collective identity, but is so often denied.
Even after statements from North America’s leaders acknowledged that assimilation policies were wrong (Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper said “We are sorry” in 2008, and Barack Obama sent an official apology resolution through Congress in December 2009), it is hard to see how governments can ever make amends. The legal status of native peoples is not in stasis – as in the enduring image of the silent, noble savage – but, rather, constantly in flux.
My favorite chapter was the second one, “The End of the Trail,” about depictions of Native Americans in art, film, television and fiction. People prefer idealized “Dead Indians” to the live ones, King argues, whether they appear in cowboy movies or on Land O’ Lakes butter packets. It’s so much easier and less embarrassing for us when those pesky Indians are contained in such ways.
One can’t help but feel guilty by association when reading a book like this one, but King is a charming guide through the history everyone needs to know.
If his tone occasionally comes across as cynical, can you blame him? The story of native peoples in North America is one of constant setbacks and broken promises. Education initiatives and missionaries have often done more harm than good, and it’s a slap in the face to call casinos “the new buffalo.” Removal policies have been compounded by the insult of using reservations for resource mining and landfills. Land is crucial to native peoples’ struggle for individual and collective identity, but is so often denied.
Even after statements from North America’s leaders acknowledged that assimilation policies were wrong (Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper said “We are sorry” in 2008, and Barack Obama sent an official apology resolution through Congress in December 2009), it is hard to see how governments can ever make amends. The legal status of native peoples is not in stasis – as in the enduring image of the silent, noble savage – but, rather, constantly in flux.
My favorite chapter was the second one, “The End of the Trail,” about depictions of Native Americans in art, film, television and fiction. People prefer idealized “Dead Indians” to the live ones, King argues, whether they appear in cowboy movies or on Land O’ Lakes butter packets. It’s so much easier and less embarrassing for us when those pesky Indians are contained in such ways.
One can’t help but feel guilty by association when reading a book like this one, but King is a charming guide through the history everyone needs to know.
June 20, 2020
I believe I had too high of expectations for this book. King is focused on giving the reader an overview on the history of false promises given to the native peoples of North America and also exploring the identity and expectations of identity of native peoples. I wanted more focused information I could readily recall in conversation to communicate the shitty situation America and Canada have created for the people who loved this land first. Overall, I didn't get as much out of this as I was hoping, but that's mostly my own fault.
August 29, 2022
Aug 27, 9am ~~ Review asap. Learned something from an ACLU newsletter this morning that needs to be mentioned, so have to ponder a bit more.
Aug 29, 245pm ~~ In my Thomas King project this year, I started off planning to read just his fiction, since I had about three or four titles to reread and a few others new-to-me. Then I went ahead and got The Truth About Stories, and that inspired me to order this book, which talks about many of the topics brought up in TTAS.
But this 2012 book looks deeper, covers more territory, and brings to light incidents that too many people probably have never known about. I know I was surprised. Of course, spending my childhood in Arizona the version of history I was taught was that Indians were always the bad guys. The most I ever questioned that was while watching The Lone Ranger on television. I liked Tonto better: prettier horse, cool clothes, and he was the one who always got The Lone Ranger out of trouble.
Once I escaped from formal education I did begin to think about the other side of the story, but it was not until I spent eight years living in Mexico that I really began to see ancient and modern history from the point of view of the invaded and not the invader. Thanks to that new awareness I was better able to understand this book and the author's views.
This book will make the reader blush with shame at what our so-called heroes of pioneer days have done. This book will make the reader angry at what our government has done and continues to do. This book will make the reader wonder what can be done to change things before it is too late.
This book shows the efforts made over the centuries to eliminate, eradicate, and exterminate the people who lived in North America before any Europeans arrived. Why is such hatred and fear still around? The very day after I finished this book, all full of disgust and anger at the way things have gone, I got a newsletter from the American Civil Liberties Union about an upcoming case in the Supreme Court. I am quoting two paragraphs from that newsletter just to show that stupidity never stops. And here is a link about the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA), a federal law enacted in 1978. I don't know about you, but I was shocked that it took so darned long to create such a law in the first place. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_...
Here is what the ACLU says is coming up:
ICWA aims to address the forced separation of Native children and families and represents a small step toward acknowledging the centuries of genocidal violence that underpin this case. Beginning in the early 1800s, the architects of the Federal Indian Boarding School Program designed the program to erase the Indigenous identities of Native people. The government snatched children as young as four years old from their families and sent them to militarized boarding school institutions designed to destroy their Native identities and culture, often hundreds of miles away from their tribal homelands.
This November, the U.S. Supreme Court will hear oral arguments in Brackeen v. Haaland, a case that challenges the constitutionality of ICWA. If the Supreme Court rules ICWA unconstitutional, it could have devastating consequences for Native children, families and tribes while simultaneously putting the existence of tribes in jeopardy. That’s why the ACLU and the ACLUs of Northern California, Alaska, Arizona, Maine, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington and Wyoming filed an amicus brief with the Supreme Court today urging the court to uphold the constitutionality of ICWA.
So will this action by the ACLU do any good? Or will greed and hatred and fear continue to stomp on the invaded? I will give you three guesses about what Thomas King might say here. And the first two don't count.
Please read this book.
I want to be optimistic about society and the future and all that, but sometimes I can't help but agree with the final line of so many of Thomas King's poems in his collection 77 Fragments:
But there is no hope.
Aug 29, 245pm ~~ In my Thomas King project this year, I started off planning to read just his fiction, since I had about three or four titles to reread and a few others new-to-me. Then I went ahead and got The Truth About Stories, and that inspired me to order this book, which talks about many of the topics brought up in TTAS.
But this 2012 book looks deeper, covers more territory, and brings to light incidents that too many people probably have never known about. I know I was surprised. Of course, spending my childhood in Arizona the version of history I was taught was that Indians were always the bad guys. The most I ever questioned that was while watching The Lone Ranger on television. I liked Tonto better: prettier horse, cool clothes, and he was the one who always got The Lone Ranger out of trouble.
Once I escaped from formal education I did begin to think about the other side of the story, but it was not until I spent eight years living in Mexico that I really began to see ancient and modern history from the point of view of the invaded and not the invader. Thanks to that new awareness I was better able to understand this book and the author's views.
This book will make the reader blush with shame at what our so-called heroes of pioneer days have done. This book will make the reader angry at what our government has done and continues to do. This book will make the reader wonder what can be done to change things before it is too late.
This book shows the efforts made over the centuries to eliminate, eradicate, and exterminate the people who lived in North America before any Europeans arrived. Why is such hatred and fear still around? The very day after I finished this book, all full of disgust and anger at the way things have gone, I got a newsletter from the American Civil Liberties Union about an upcoming case in the Supreme Court. I am quoting two paragraphs from that newsletter just to show that stupidity never stops. And here is a link about the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA), a federal law enacted in 1978. I don't know about you, but I was shocked that it took so darned long to create such a law in the first place. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_...
Here is what the ACLU says is coming up:
ICWA aims to address the forced separation of Native children and families and represents a small step toward acknowledging the centuries of genocidal violence that underpin this case. Beginning in the early 1800s, the architects of the Federal Indian Boarding School Program designed the program to erase the Indigenous identities of Native people. The government snatched children as young as four years old from their families and sent them to militarized boarding school institutions designed to destroy their Native identities and culture, often hundreds of miles away from their tribal homelands.
This November, the U.S. Supreme Court will hear oral arguments in Brackeen v. Haaland, a case that challenges the constitutionality of ICWA. If the Supreme Court rules ICWA unconstitutional, it could have devastating consequences for Native children, families and tribes while simultaneously putting the existence of tribes in jeopardy. That’s why the ACLU and the ACLUs of Northern California, Alaska, Arizona, Maine, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington and Wyoming filed an amicus brief with the Supreme Court today urging the court to uphold the constitutionality of ICWA.
So will this action by the ACLU do any good? Or will greed and hatred and fear continue to stomp on the invaded? I will give you three guesses about what Thomas King might say here. And the first two don't count.
Please read this book.
I want to be optimistic about society and the future and all that, but sometimes I can't help but agree with the final line of so many of Thomas King's poems in his collection 77 Fragments:
But there is no hope.
December 3, 2019
UGHH. Since this book was rated fairly decently on here, I decided to check it out. I was hoping for an objective, balanced look into the history of the Native peoples in North America.
What I got, instead, was ~200+ pages of "White Man Bad".
I suppose this quote - right at the start, should have been my first clue:
"The Inconvenient Indian is fraught with history, the underlying narrative is a series of conversations and arguments that I’ve been having with myself and others for most of my adult life, and if there is any methodology in my approach to the subject, it draws more on storytelling techniques than historiography. A good historian would have tried to keep biases under control. A good historian would have tried to keep personal anecdotes in check. A good historian would have provided footnotes.
I have not."
Well, alrighty then...
Although the book is written in a decently interesting style, it is neither a history of Natives in North America, nor is it even remotely nuanced, balanced, or objective. The author spends almost all of this books' roughly 200 pages trying to convince you how all the problems with the Natives are the fault of the evil White man. He doesn't mention any of the tribal warfare or conflict that were endemic to Native societies long before the White man arrived; a detail he conveniently omits. He dedicates *one* sentence in the book to addressing the glaringly obvious crippling social problems found in Native societies, but not without adding a snide follow-up remark directed at "The Man":
"And while we’re on the subject of Native failings, I should probably own up to the alcoholism, drug abuse, poverty, crime, and corrupt leadership that plague many of the reserves and reservations. The news media have certainly been helpful in bringing these matters to public notice, and I salute the fifth estate for their simple-minded diligence."
It is certainly true that the Natives have been treated very poorly in the past, and many still today; the issue is very complex. Horrible treatments of the Natives took place, and efforts to address the problem have either been inadequate, ineffectual, or both.
Something the author doesn't seem to realize, though, is that - in accordance with historical precedent - a conquered people don't usually get to dictate terms to the people who conquered them...
This can be unfair, but life is not fair.
It is also not clear from reading this book what the author would like to see for Native peoples. He doesn't seem to approve of the reservations, or Indian status, but then doesn't also approve of efforts to integrate Natives into Western culture, either. He dedicates one chapter to Native "sovereignty", whatever that means. Does he realistically think that a minority group of people should be allowed to set up a parallel society inside North American countries? I'm not sure, but it sounded like that.
He also seems to think that blocking roadways and train tracks, occupying land, and violence should all be viable tools in the Native political toolkit. I'm not sure he has thought through, or will like the outcome of attempting to bring violence against a group of people who have a literal Army...
He also has some curious ideas about the role of Natives in the founding of the countries of North America:
"...Instead, Native people weren’t even mentioned in the document. Canada was the confluence of three founding peoples, Aboriginal, English, and French, but the Accord acknowledged only the English and French streams."
No, the Native people did not "create" Canada. The country of Canada was a creation of a conglomeration of the English and the French, based on their European models. Inhabiting the land does not a country create...
In conclusion, this was a dumpster-fire of a book. I would not recommend it, unless you are feeling particularly masochistic...
1 star.
What I got, instead, was ~200+ pages of "White Man Bad".
I suppose this quote - right at the start, should have been my first clue:
"The Inconvenient Indian is fraught with history, the underlying narrative is a series of conversations and arguments that I’ve been having with myself and others for most of my adult life, and if there is any methodology in my approach to the subject, it draws more on storytelling techniques than historiography. A good historian would have tried to keep biases under control. A good historian would have tried to keep personal anecdotes in check. A good historian would have provided footnotes.
I have not."
Well, alrighty then...
Although the book is written in a decently interesting style, it is neither a history of Natives in North America, nor is it even remotely nuanced, balanced, or objective. The author spends almost all of this books' roughly 200 pages trying to convince you how all the problems with the Natives are the fault of the evil White man. He doesn't mention any of the tribal warfare or conflict that were endemic to Native societies long before the White man arrived; a detail he conveniently omits. He dedicates *one* sentence in the book to addressing the glaringly obvious crippling social problems found in Native societies, but not without adding a snide follow-up remark directed at "The Man":
"And while we’re on the subject of Native failings, I should probably own up to the alcoholism, drug abuse, poverty, crime, and corrupt leadership that plague many of the reserves and reservations. The news media have certainly been helpful in bringing these matters to public notice, and I salute the fifth estate for their simple-minded diligence."
It is certainly true that the Natives have been treated very poorly in the past, and many still today; the issue is very complex. Horrible treatments of the Natives took place, and efforts to address the problem have either been inadequate, ineffectual, or both.
Something the author doesn't seem to realize, though, is that - in accordance with historical precedent - a conquered people don't usually get to dictate terms to the people who conquered them...
This can be unfair, but life is not fair.
It is also not clear from reading this book what the author would like to see for Native peoples. He doesn't seem to approve of the reservations, or Indian status, but then doesn't also approve of efforts to integrate Natives into Western culture, either. He dedicates one chapter to Native "sovereignty", whatever that means. Does he realistically think that a minority group of people should be allowed to set up a parallel society inside North American countries? I'm not sure, but it sounded like that.
He also seems to think that blocking roadways and train tracks, occupying land, and violence should all be viable tools in the Native political toolkit. I'm not sure he has thought through, or will like the outcome of attempting to bring violence against a group of people who have a literal Army...
He also has some curious ideas about the role of Natives in the founding of the countries of North America:
"...Instead, Native people weren’t even mentioned in the document. Canada was the confluence of three founding peoples, Aboriginal, English, and French, but the Accord acknowledged only the English and French streams."
No, the Native people did not "create" Canada. The country of Canada was a creation of a conglomeration of the English and the French, based on their European models. Inhabiting the land does not a country create...
In conclusion, this was a dumpster-fire of a book. I would not recommend it, unless you are feeling particularly masochistic...
1 star.
July 2, 2020
It is weird how hard it is to care about the plight of the American Indian. I wonder if this is how Israelis feel about Palestinians and every other dominant group feels about the minority they traditionally abuse. I mean, I want to care. I care about various other peoples who face oppression at the hands of white folks. But why do I feel so little when it comes to these human beings in my own backyard?
This understanding that even most bleeding heart liberals lack the emotional energy to call for change permeates this excellent book. My cousins are Native, my classmates were Native. The Natives stage demonstrations not too far from where I live. While nobody I know wishes ill on them, we don't really wish anything on them at all. We just seem to want to forget (and hope that they forget, too, so we can steal more of their land, as King makes clear: No Indian Treaty, he says, has ever not resulted in them losing land.)
Just to bolster this claim, I checked Facebook. Out of the 50 most recent posts on a Canadian progressive group, just two (incidentally the 25th and 50th) were about Indigenous issues, and they had like two comments and three likes between them. That's very out of the ordinary compared to what the interactions for most other posts looked like.
So if the victims of the greatest genocide in history, a genocide which depopulated almost two entire continents of almost a hundred million people, have a hard time winning the sympathy of a bunch of BDS-activists and leftists, what could they possibly do to win our recognition of their rights from the broader population?
The only times I ever hear talk about the "Indians", as most people still say, is when they are demonstrating. Usually it is when they've put up a roadblock. It is not a very uncommon occurrence, I can recall several times it has happened in my short life. Now and then, CBC might have a short piece on murdered indigenous women, but even that only comes up once or twice a year and hardly attracts much spectacle.
Perhaps I've been wrong in these observations. There is one other reason why Indian affairs is brought up, and it is the most common: "I think I'm like 1/64th Native, do you think I can get free glasses?" I've always found these discussions quite awkward. To them, their supposed First Nations heritage is nothing but a gimmick to get a handout. This benefit from the Canadian government, and others like it, are all that Nativeness is worth to most people.
And yet life goes on. The alcoholism and the suicides, which is pretty much what whites think is their entire way of life, goes on and on, more suffering, more death, all of it needless, none of it arousing the indignation or the spirit of revolution and change that they would if we were talking about any other people. It's all in the periphery, all in the open but over to the side enough that we can pretend we don't see it.
My opening observation might be wrong, too. Maybe it isn't so weird after all. We, the White Man, came and butchered and massacred by the thousands. We're worse even than the Nazis, in terms of the scale and thoroughness of our genocide. That's a pretty hard past to reckon with (maybe we should look to Germany and how they make peace with their past?), with the scraggly band of survivors shut up on their reservations as the living reminder of the cruelty we would prefer to pretend is not within us. Our entire dual continent of the Americas has been bathed in the blood of its own children and then the land itself has been transformed into private parcels that we, the interloper, the usurper, the murderer, continue to fight and to kill over. Welcome to America.
This understanding that even most bleeding heart liberals lack the emotional energy to call for change permeates this excellent book. My cousins are Native, my classmates were Native. The Natives stage demonstrations not too far from where I live. While nobody I know wishes ill on them, we don't really wish anything on them at all. We just seem to want to forget (and hope that they forget, too, so we can steal more of their land, as King makes clear: No Indian Treaty, he says, has ever not resulted in them losing land.)
Just to bolster this claim, I checked Facebook. Out of the 50 most recent posts on a Canadian progressive group, just two (incidentally the 25th and 50th) were about Indigenous issues, and they had like two comments and three likes between them. That's very out of the ordinary compared to what the interactions for most other posts looked like.
So if the victims of the greatest genocide in history, a genocide which depopulated almost two entire continents of almost a hundred million people, have a hard time winning the sympathy of a bunch of BDS-activists and leftists, what could they possibly do to win our recognition of their rights from the broader population?
The only times I ever hear talk about the "Indians", as most people still say, is when they are demonstrating. Usually it is when they've put up a roadblock. It is not a very uncommon occurrence, I can recall several times it has happened in my short life. Now and then, CBC might have a short piece on murdered indigenous women, but even that only comes up once or twice a year and hardly attracts much spectacle.
Perhaps I've been wrong in these observations. There is one other reason why Indian affairs is brought up, and it is the most common: "I think I'm like 1/64th Native, do you think I can get free glasses?" I've always found these discussions quite awkward. To them, their supposed First Nations heritage is nothing but a gimmick to get a handout. This benefit from the Canadian government, and others like it, are all that Nativeness is worth to most people.
And yet life goes on. The alcoholism and the suicides, which is pretty much what whites think is their entire way of life, goes on and on, more suffering, more death, all of it needless, none of it arousing the indignation or the spirit of revolution and change that they would if we were talking about any other people. It's all in the periphery, all in the open but over to the side enough that we can pretend we don't see it.
My opening observation might be wrong, too. Maybe it isn't so weird after all. We, the White Man, came and butchered and massacred by the thousands. We're worse even than the Nazis, in terms of the scale and thoroughness of our genocide. That's a pretty hard past to reckon with (maybe we should look to Germany and how they make peace with their past?), with the scraggly band of survivors shut up on their reservations as the living reminder of the cruelty we would prefer to pretend is not within us. Our entire dual continent of the Americas has been bathed in the blood of its own children and then the land itself has been transformed into private parcels that we, the interloper, the usurper, the murderer, continue to fight and to kill over. Welcome to America.
January 15, 2013
Sure, the author knows his stuff, and certainly he shares his knowledge with wit and appealing style, but I'm left feeling that it is just the first chapter of the book I wanted to read. He seems to be tired by his tirade and has little energy left at the end for helping me understand what could be done now to move things in the right direction. I'm not sure, (and he'd dislike me for saying this) 'what it is he wants' and how he thinks we can get there.
April 25, 2024
Heartbreaking yet so good. I found King's writing pulled me in. It was a bit too meandering at first for me but the latter chapters really gutted me. I chose this for a book to fit the prompt for a colonialism book in the Diverse Baseline Challenge.
October 23, 2020
Insightful, honest and humourous all in the same breath. Thomas King has written the most objective book on Indigenous nations in North America and somehow while staying honest and presenting very clear examples, he has made topics that are both sad and horrifying and still managed to find lightness. A wonderful read.
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