Michael Allin has written an absolutely fascinating book about Zarafa, a young Masai giraffe who was gifted by Muhammad Ali, the Ottoman Viceroy of Egypt, to Charles X of France in 1826. Zarafa was the first living giraffe Europe had seen in almost 350 years and the first giraffe ever to arrive in France. And what a journey to get there!
The idea to gift a giraffe to France was the brainchild in 1824 of Bernadino Drovetti, a young Italian soldier turned French bureaucrat who was the french consul general to Egypt. He was officially a diplomat but he made a fortune in trafficking in exotic animals, Egyptian antiquities, mummies and anything else his wealthy European clients desired.
Zarafa was captured as a calf in the Ethiopian highlands and subsequently spent two years making the 4,000-mile trip from Africa to Paris. She was shipped down the Blue Nile and the Nile, firstly in a large felucca, a boat of some 40 feet with a crew of 10 men, and then by ship across the Mediterranean to Marseilles. On board the felucca the giraffes, there were two of them, one going to England, were on the deck, amidships between cabin and masts in the shade of a specially erected canvas tent open fore and aft to the breeze. Sailing across the Mediterranean, Zarafa and friend stood in the hull and a hole was cut into the deck so that necks and heads could protrude safely.
Once at Marseilles, arriving on 31 October 1826, after a period of quarantine, the walk to Paris began in May 1827; the 550-mile walk was to take two months. And the journey was quite a parade as people flocked to see her, even rioted to get a good view. At Lyons 30,000 people turned out to see her and once in Paris Zarafa was paraded around the city before being presented to the king and then housed in her enclosure at le Jardin des Plantes. Once settled she was left in the hands of her Egyptian carers, Hasan and Atir, with the latter sleeping on a specially constructed Mezzanine floor so that he could be close to Zarafa's head and tend to her every need.
Zarafamania struck the city; fashionable ladies had their hair styled à la Girafe, and the 'Journal of Women and Fashion' reported a chic 'necklace à la Girafe, a narrow ribbon from which is suspended a pink heart or better yet a small locket of the seraglio in the form of the amulet seen around the neck of the giraffe at the Jardin du Roi'. The ladies' hair was piled so high - to match Zarafa's long neck - that they had to ride on the floors of their carriages! Gentlemen wore giraffique hats and ties and children were eating gingerbread giraffes! Zarafa was indeed a national icon and even Honoré de Balzac wrote a pamphlet entitled 'The Discourse of the Giraffe with the Chief of the Six Osages (or Indians) on the Occasion of Their Visit to Le Jardin du Roi, Translated from the Arabic by the Giraffe's Interpreter.' As well as the visiting Indians, 100,000 people visited her during July and August.
Zarafa eventually died on 12 January 1845 and thereafter she stood for decades on display in the foyer of the museum at le Jardin des Plantes. Eventually needing space the museum loaned her out to provincial museums throughout France and she was thought to have been sent to Verdun and there destroyed along with the town's museum in World War I. But apparently that was not so, for she has been conclusively identified by her distinctive markings - captured by a variety of artists in paintings commissioned at the time of her celebrity - still standing on the landing of a staircase in a museum in La Rochelle on the west coast of France.
As well as the trials and tribulations of Zarafa's journey, Michael Allin adds colour to the story by capturing the times and all the personalities involved along the way. He also gives plenty of background history, beginning with Napoleon's campaign in Egypt and Syria in 1798 to 1801 that began the French interest in Egyptology, to support the incredible story of Zarafa's epic journey.