The name Laura Ingalls Wilder is well known. We may know her from her series of children's books or, as in my case, from the long-running TV show from the mid-1970s to the early 80s. I never read the books---apparently, they weren't on the library shelves I chose books from---but did watch the TV show from time to time. So my image of the author of the children's books is framed as a picture of a young Melissa Gilbert. Of course, the TV show was loosely based on books that were themselves largely fictionalized. Whatever entry point to the person of Laura Ingalls Wilder, she remains, as far as I know, well known.
Numerous biographies and studies of Wilder the person and the author have appeared over the years, such that we know much more about her life and background than can be gleaned from the books. One area of interest that has been touched on before, but is the centerpiece of the most recent biography, is her faith. John J. Fry's A Prairie Faith: The Religious Life of Laura Ingalls Wilder, offers an in-depth look at what ultimately is a rather conventional Christian faith. Fry is a history professor and dean of the faculty at Trinity Christian College (not to be confused with Trinity International University, which is also located in the greater Chicago area).
The Little House books, eight in all, are based on Wilder's recollections of stories she remembered her father, Charles Ingalls, told, along with her own experiences. While the TV show located the family in Walnut Grove, Minnesota, the Ingalls family wandered across the upper midwest as well as Iowa and Kansas. Those who read the books will know of these travels, but for those of us who didn't read them, we journey with the family from Laura's birth in 1867 while the family lived in Wisconsin, followed by moves to Kansas, and then Minnesota and Iowa, before moving to South Dakota. The family appears to have been constantly on the move. At times they lived in small towns, but more often on farms near small towns, so that the children could go to school and the family might attend church. The life that Fry describes, based on a detailed study of Ingalls' books, including diaries and letters, as well as the famous books, is difficult, but we see the strength of a close family. We see a family struggle financially but somehow make things work, often by moving to a new location.
When Laura was a child the family attended congregational churches in the communities where they lived. One of the pastors is a name familiar to those who only know the TV series, and that is Rev. Alden, a favorite of Wilder. Laura also attended a Methodist Church Sunday afternoon Sunday school during a period when the family was living in Walnut Grove. Laura won a bible for memorizing the Bible verses assigned each week. One thing we learn as we read Fry's account of Laura's life is that the family often attended Sunday school, but do not seem to have attended Sunday evening services.
As Laura grew up, she would eventually meet and marry Almanzo Wilder, whom she got to know when the family lived in DeSmet, South Dakota. He was about a decade older than her, but the two connected, and marriage followed. Life would be difficult early on, as Almanzo suffered a stroke that weakened him, limiting some of his abilities to farm. Nevertheless, through the years they managed to survive. They also have a child, Rose, with whom Laura will have a contentious relationship, and yet, the two would collaborate on Laura's books. Due to health concerns, the Wilder family ended up in the Ozarks, in the small town of Mansfield, Missouri, which is where she lived most of her adult life.
We of course learn about how Laura took up writing, serving as a columnist for the Missouri Ruralist and then later setting down to write a memoir of her younger years. While that memoir did not gain a publisher, despite the efforts of Rose, who by that time had developed a reputation as an author, with Rose's encouragement Laura began writing the children's books that made her famous. One thing we learn about these books is that Laura long claimed that the books were completely true, with no fictional aspects. She and Rose also hid Rose's important collaborative role that went beyond simple editing.
While we learn about Laura's life and the authorial work that made her famous, Fry is most interested in highlighting Laura's faith life. So woven throughout the book are examples of her religious experiences and that of the family. Growing up the family would attend Congregational churches, but Laura never joined, even after her parents, Charles and Caroline, and sister Mary joined a Congregational Church when she was in her early teens. There is no evidence that she was ever baptized. However, she attended Sunday School, memorized parts of the Bible, and attended Sunday services when a preacher was available. She liked some preachers and not others. in addition, her father would play hymns on his fiddle on Sunday afternoons.
From childhood through adulthood, Laura gave evidence of a moderate, conventional, Christianity. According to Fry, her faith was important to her, but not necessarily central to her life. She drew strength from it but rejected views of God that were wrathful. She focused more on morality, on divine law, especially love of God and neighbor. When it came to difficult times she might turn to prayer, but she also gave evidence of a certain stoicism. Interestingly, while she and Almanzo never joined a church, despite attending regularly the Methodist Episcopal Church in Mansfield, they both joined Eastern Star. Throughout the book, Fry keeps coming back to Laura's conventional Christianity that was important to her, but not central to her life. In other words, she was like many Christians, committed but not zealous. She was neither a fundamentalist nor a modernist, just an average Christian woman. Interestingly, in her books while she did include references to God and to church, no mention is made of Jesus. Fry also notes that the idea of forgiveness is largely absent. Thus, her form of Christianity is essentially caught up in doing the right thing. That is the message she shared in her books.
A Prairie Faith is part of the Eerdmans Library of Religious Biography series, a series that covers a wide variety of persons from Thomas Jefferson to Tina Turner, with Laura Ingalls Wilder being the latest. For those who have enjoyed her books, this should be a welcome biography. One might be surprised at some parts of the story, especially her insistence on covering up the contribution of her daughter to the books and her insistence that the books were completely factual. But as Fry reminds us she was human, and as such was sinner. She had her reasons for what she did, but it is helpful to know the full story.