Norman Karol Gottwald is an American Marxist biblical scholar and political activist. Gottwald, a Fulbright scholar at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1960 and a former Baptist minister, is presently the W. W. White Professor of Biblical Studies at New York Theological Seminary. He has lectured at numerous universities, including Princeton, Brown, Brandeis and the Universities of California at Santa Cruz and Berkeley. He is the author of The Tribes of Yahweh: A Sociology of the Religion-of Liberated Israel 1250–1050 B.C.E. (Orbis Books: Maryknoll, N.Y., 1979).