The Seas of Language

by Michael Dummett

Michael Dummett is a leading contemporary philosopher whose work on the logic and metaphysics of language has had a lasting influence on how these subjects are conceived and discussed. This volume contains some of the most provocative and widely discussed essays published in the last fifteen years, together with a number of unpublished or inaccessible writings. Essays included "What is a Theory of Meaning?," "What do I Know When I Know a Language?," "What Does the Appeal to Use Do for the Theory of Meaning?," "Language and Truth," "Truth and Meaning," "Language and Communication," "The Source of the Concept of Truth," "Mood, Force, and Convention," "Frege and Husserl on Reference," "Realism," "Existence," "Does Quantification Involve Identity?," "Could there be Unicorns?," "Causal Loops," "Common Sense and Physics," "Testimony and Memory," "What is Mathematics About?," "Wittgenstein on Some Reflections," and "Realism and Anti-Realism." Serving well as a companion to Dummett's other collections, the essays in this volume are not forbiddingly technical or specialized, and have relevance to many areas of analytic philosophy.

Genres: Philosophy

504 pages, Kindle Edition

First published January 1, 1993

About the author

A skilled analytic mind and an ardent voice against racism, Sir Michael A. E. Dummett is considered by many to be one of twentieth-century Britain’s most influential philosophers of language. Dummett is best known for his work in the history of analytic philosophy and in his contributions to the philosophy of language and mathematics. Much of his work has taken the form of commentary on the likes of Frege, Wittgenstein, and Quine. Dummett, who considered himself a Wittgensteinian, is widely held as the English authority on the work of German logician Gottlob Frege. Though Dummett diverges from Frege, who is a realist, most of Dummett’s achievements have been pursued in connection with his enthusiasm for Frege’s thought.

Dummett was born in London in 1925 and attended prestigious boys’ schools in Wiltshire and Hampshire. Though he rejected religious belief in his youth, Dummett converted to Catholicism while serving in the armed forces during the Second World War. After his military service he went to Oxford University where he studied philosophy, politics, and economics at Christ Church College. He graduated in 1950 with first class honors and was awarded a fellowship at All Souls College. Throughout his acclaimed career Dummett remained associated with Oxford, though he has held visiting posts at several universities around the world. In 1962 he was appointed reader in the philosophy of mathematics at Oxford; in 1979 he was elected Wykeham Professor of Logic, where he served as chair until his retirement in 1992. Dummett, along with his wife, has remained active in antiracist campaigns and political reforms, even placing his philosophical career on hold for several years during the sixties to pursue these causes. He received a knighthood in 1999.

Many of Britain’s leading analytic philosophers have been significantly influenced by Dummett, including Crispin Wright, Simon Blackburn, John McDowell, and Timothy Williamson — though none would be properly classed a disciple. Dummett’s most notable contributions have come in his analysis of theories of meaning accounting for communication, reason, and representation in language. His commitment to a kind of anti-realism in debates about reference and language, though often overstated, has been a point of particular interest for his admirers and detractors alike. Dummett was not satisfied with the pessimism of Wittgenstein and the holists who denied the possibility of finally understanding a language from within language. Dummett argues that an alternative can be found if one denies the principle of bivalence. Bivalence is the notion that every meaningful proposition is either true or false; and in Dummett’s view the denial of bivalence entails anti-realism about the reference of language.

Dummett’s most influential writings are the first and second editions of Frege: Philosophy of Language (1973–1981), The Interpretation of Frege's Philosophy (1981), and the 'William James Lectures' that he delivered at Harvard in 1976 published in 1991 as The Logical Basis of Metaphysics. He also delivered a series of lectures at Bologna in 1987, published in 1988 as Origins of Analytical Philosophy. In 1991 he published a collections of papers on Frege; and in 1993 a collection entitled The Seas of Language.

Reviews

[Paul Hampson · Rating 5 out of 5]

The first two chapters are possibly the most important of Dummett's original work, 'What is a Theory of Meaning?' (1 and 2). Many papers are concerned with various formulations of semantic anti-realism, a view to which I broadly subscribe. Other papers are of interest, but this, along with 'The Logical Basis of Metaphysics' are the books that I would seriously recommend to anyone contemplating study on the realism debate.

[Hermenegilda]

it's hard to say i've read it. tried to absorb? yes. failed dramatically? Y E S.

the "realism and anti-realism" chapter was somehow compulsory reading for our course. it started nice, Dummett flashed a little bit of his dry humour, for a moment thought "oh, he sounds almost as nice as Quine or Searle", but the further I went, the worse it got. fast jumps from one idea to another, "oh, btw, X found a good solution *insert vague description of it here* NOW BACK TO THE TOPIC... OR MAYBE THE OPPOSITE STANCE FOR TWO SENTENCES?"
to be fair, from my limited philosophical knowledge I appreciate the multiangularity of Dummet's work, and I'm definitely more mad at my lecturer who practically threw us in at the deep end after much easier texts. maybe when i'll have broader philosophical knowledge i'll return to Dummett someday. or maybe not.

oh, and one last word: LECTURERS HAVE MERCY UPON US. we students quite stupid. very stupid students. and poor, and tired. in the sea of language we are a tiny plankton and the pressure of Dummett's logorrhoea crushes us