Sacred and Herbal Healing Beers: The Secrets of Ancient Fermentation

by Stephen Harrod Buhner

This is the first comprehensive book ever written on the sacred aspects of indigenous, historical psychotropic and herbal healing beers of the world.

Genres: Brewing, Food, Nonfiction, Beer, Health, Cookbooks, Reference

557 pages, Kindle Edition

Published September 1, 1998

About the author

Stephen Harrod Buhner is an Earth poet and the award-winning author of ten books on nature, indigenous cultures, the environment, and herbal medicine. He comes from a long line of healers including Leroy Burney, Surgeon General of the United States under Eisenhower and Kennedy, and Elizabeth Lusterheide, a midwife and herbalist who worked in rural Indiana in the early nineteenth century. The greatest influence on his work, however, has been his great-grandfather C.G. Harrod who primarily used botanical medicines, also in rural Indiana, when he began his work as a physician in 1911.

Stephen's work has appeared or been profiled in publications throughout North America and Europe including Common Boundary, Apotheosis, Shaman's Drum, The New York Times, CNN, and Good Morning America. Stephen lectures yearly throughout the United States on herbal medicine, the sacredness of plants, the intelligence of Nature, and the states of mind necessary for successful habitation of Earth.

Stephen has served as president of the Colorado Association for Healing Practitioners and as a lobbyist on herbal and holistic medicines and education in the Colorado legislature. He lives in New Mexico.

from
http://www.gaianstudies.org/Stephen.html
and

http://www.storey.com/author.php?ID=5...

Reviews

[Nick Klagge · Rating 3 out of 5]

An interesting and very quirky book.

Strangely enough, it reminded me a lot of David Graeber's "Debt." Although the subject matters are obviously completely different, they share a feeling of great scope and broadening horizons. Both Graeber and Buhner work to show that "the way things are now" in Western society is an extremely narrow slice of a huge diversity of ways that things have been in other times and places. For Buhner, this means demolishing the equation of "beer" with "malt, water, hops and yeast," especially hops. He discusses how, out of a vast array of herbal homebrewing traditions, hops came to be dominant through a series of historical contingencies.

For the most part, this is a recipe book, interspersing unwieldy recipes from the 1600s with some more modern ones. I have yet to try any of them, so I can't really pass judgment. But I will say that they run the gamut from the appealing (spruce ale, sage ale) to the totally gross (mustard ale, banana beer).

Buhner also has a nice little section at the end (which I feel like should have come at the beginning) on the practice of brewing; basically, he is an apostate from the cult of wonkism and obsessive cleanliness that surrounds most homebrewing literature. It's an interesting perspective for me, especially as I have generally been an extremely fastidious brewer.

You have to take Buhner with a little grain of salt. He is a true believer in herbalism and the wisdom of the non-scientific world; while I would like to think I appreciate this perspective, he starts to lose me when he talks about historical records of people living to be 150 (by subsisting on honey, natch) with a figurative straight face. He also spends large chunks of the book enumerating the healing properties of various ingredients in a very jargony fashion, and talking about how their efficacy has been proven by researchers in Romania. I learned just to skip these parts and thoroughly enjoyed the rest. Looking forward to trying some of these!

[C · Rating 3 out of 5]

Wow, this book is wild. The essential premise is: at this time Western culture consumes only two alcoholic beverages; all beer is a watery solution of fermented barley and hops, and all wine is fermented grape juice. But many societies, including Europe before the Reformation, consumed lots of different fermented beverages made from different sugars, juices, grains, and herbs, all with varying degrees of alcoholic and nutritional content.

Those beverages are what this is about. Sage beer. Gruit ale. Mugwort. Mead. Molasses beer. Maple syrup beer. Er...even banana beer and pine ale. I think there's hundreds of these variations, and for many of them the historical background is given. There's extensive quoting of historical sources throughout, such as old brew cookbooks and alewife's instructions.

Many home brewing books and resources prohibitively complicate things. What this book helps you realize is that alcohol fermentation doesn't have to be hard; all you need is a sugar source and a yeast source in solution (aka water). I mean Nigerians drink the watery sap from palm trees which is already being fermented off the tree by native yeasts.

So everything else besides yeast + sugar is optional and up for ideas. So look outside the confines of just hops and malt. This book can help you think about other flavors or herbs you might like to try.

What's bad:I don't trust the recipes, they're all over the place, so use them like guides.

Despite being all about ancient brewing methods, he kinda distrusts wild yeast and still resorts to storebought packets of yeast for all his recipes. Using the simple instructions in Sandor Katz's "The Art of Fermentation" I've got a pretty vigorous wild yeast starter from honey that I've sustained for a few months now. I don't think our ancestors got crazy about purchasing purified yeast strains.

Several probably dangerous and strongly psychoactive herbs (e.g. wormwood and many others) are freely discussed and recommended to the reader. The author has a low regard for drug laws and a sacred regard for altered states of consciousness. I don't know much about these plants, but I'd advise caution in seeking out any ingredient you don't already use and know.

Aside from that there's a lot of sketchy herbal medicine in here. I don't have a problem with generally accepted herbal medicine—I mean, via this book I just made a chamomile ale—just quackery. One herb "shows promise in treating Reynaud's disease." What does that even mean? "Fever patients" are told to drink wormwood ale "for thirty days"—I don't know what a month of wormwood does to you, but if you have a fever for thirty days, please get yourself to the ER. It's always "scientists are discovering" and "studies are showing" that X herb works like chemotherapy or Y herb helps with pneumonia or diuresis. Many sentences are taken up with this sort of thing, and for me this stuff just gets in the way.

My recommendation? I assume if you want to brew plain-jane beer at home, you would not buy this book first. If you're looking into 'wild' and 'natural' fermentation methods, go to Sandor Katz. But either way at some point read this book for the the possible ingredients and ferments that are out there.

[Becky · Rating 5 out of 5]

Free your brewing from the tyranny of hops and barley!

This is a specialized book. I gave it five stars, but I would only recommend it to someone who has interests in brewing and herbalism.

I certainly don't agree with everything Buhner says, but there is much food for thought mixed in among the recipes. And there are plenty of recipes.

This is a book to read slowly, browse through again every few years, brew from, and keep around for reference. As I learn more about the wild plants in my part of the world, it is fun to discover how many of them have historically been used for brewing; and how many of the resulting beverages were considered not just tasty, but good for you too.

[Karen Brooks · Rating 4 out of 5]

This is an amazing book that explores and explains the traditional processes and meanings behind making mead, ale and beer. Included in the text are not only recipes from the MIddle Ages and Renaissance and explanations of how and why indigenous peoples made their brews, but detailed explanations of various additives (herbs) and their effects: in terns of inebriation, psychotropic and medicinal.

Thorough and clearly written with passion, this is an invaluable resource for home-brewers, anyone interested in herbal law and history as well as those who just want to avoid the clinical and commercial aspects of alcohol consumption. As a research text, I found it very useful and a welcome antidote to some of the drier accounts I have encountered that deal with ale-making and brewing in the past.

My only slight criticism is that it was a little too American-focussed for me, in that I would have loved a little more of the text to explore Britain and Europe and the techniques and natural products used. Buhner did do this but was obviously keen for his American readership to understand that they too could access many of the herbs and flowers he mentions.

Overall, a fascinating read.

[Morgan · Rating 5 out of 5]

Even if you're put off by the words "sacred" and "healing", I'd still recommend this book to round out a brewing education. For starters, there is a good bit of brewing history in here, detailing how beer used to be made (hops are relatively recent, for example). This book is great for identifying alternative bittering and aroma agents... useful knowledge for these current times of hop shortages.

[Lindsay · Rating 5 out of 5]

A wealth of knowledge and insight... This book brings clarity to why and how our culture is now seeing the dark side of addiction. Buhner encourages us to brew...and to connect to low-alcohol content substances that used to be a part of our everyday life.

[Martin Doudoroff · Rating 4 out of 5]

The new agey-sounding title is a turnoff for people like me, but this volume presents some clear, serious value for specific people with highly specialized interests. Here’s what you need to know: this is primarily a recipe book and the recipes are for fermented beverages with medicinal (folk healing), shamanistic and/or religious ethnocultural roots. The net is cast pretty wide. The author clearly has experience (re)producing many of the recipes, and shares his experiences along with some discussion of the botanicals involved and where to source them. The research itself seems to have good integrity (the end notes run for thirty pages and may be of interest on their own). If nothing else, there’s a lot of basic material here that helps contextualize aromatized wines, gin, absinthe, amari, etc.

[Charlie · Rating 5 out of 5]

If you brew or have a keen interest in the history of beer and fermentation, this is a must have for your collection. Lots of interesting history about the fermentation of beers and other beverages from all over the world, supplemented with a healthy portion of recipes in the appendix.

[Cole · Rating 2 out of 5]

In the interest of full disclosure, I have not read this book cover-to-cover. That said, it's not the kind of book you do that with.
I was expecting more recipes, more "how-to", and less exposition on the history and folklore of this or that herb. I was reading it from the perspective of a brewer, not an historian, and it falls short.
This book does have recipes in it, but they are simplistic, and it takes some mental effort to adjust them should you want a different quantity or be working in different circumstances. Some recipes are for one gallon, some for three, some for five.

Here is my recommendation. Learn how to make beer - there are plenty of other books on the subject. Then flavor that beer with your favorite herbs. Get a book on herbalism if you want to look up the healing properties of the plants - it will be much easier than relying on this book.

Overall, "Sacred and Herbal Healing Beers" offers nothing of value that a serious herbalist and / or brewer won't already have in her library.

[Janisse Ray · Rating 4 out of 5]

I love everything that Stephen Buhner writes. He goes down into very deep rabbit holes & everything he thinks about is incredibly interesting. I loved reading about the craziness of wild yeasts, toxic plants becoming sacred ales, beers from trees, and so much more. There are tons of recipes in this book. Now I have to get over my hesitations & do something new -- make a herbal beer. I'm giving this 4 stars because I can't figure out how much yeast to use. Most of the recipes just say "yeast." I'm afraid I missed something. Or maybe I use a packet of beer yeast? But hey. I know I'll get it figured out.

[Jacob Collins · Rating 4 out of 5]

Really enjoyed this book for its history on beer and fermentation. It is very interesting to me that almost all cultures have their own tales for how fermentation was discovered. They are all similar. It makes me wonder if the art of fermentation was given to early tribes by an advanced society that was previously unknown to these indigenous tribes and then passed down through stories over time.

This book goes into detail about how important honey and many different herbs were to our ancestors when it came to making alcohol and health in general. Today we typically only find hops in beers and this was actually mandated by the government/church at one point in time according to this book. It seems to me after this point the art of fermentation has slowly declined to where we are now with little variety. Different beer recipes have the ability to impart many different effects and health benefits based on the herbs that are being used. Unsurprisingly, one of the main properties of hops is their ability to make you drowsy.

I also find the ancient cultures' practices and views regarding yeast to be very interesting. I went into the book thinking that yeast was bad for health as they can overtake the bodies microbiome in a negative way (i.e. Candida) - but this book makes me think that maybe there are good yeasts and bad yeasts. And that wild yeasts can be influenced/attracted in some way by human emotions/spirit. Ancient cultures typically had elaborate rituals (dancing, praying, etc.) around brewing in an attempt to ward off bad yeasts ('spirits') and attract the good ones. They also believed that the spirits of the plants and yeasts used in the brewing are how different properties are added to the beers. It makes me think about how the Yeasts used in mass-brewing today are probably nothing like the wild-yeast used by these ancient cultures. Again, we only made it to his point because governments around the world outlawed traditional/indigenous beer brewing practices according to this book.

Overall, I enjoyed this book - though it got to the point where I skipped over the recipes in the final two chapters as they were long and presented in more of a cookbook style. Though, I still read these chapters as I enjoyed learning about the herbs and trees and their use in beers.

[Angie · Rating 5 out of 5]

Well, it was from this little tome that I was indoctrinated with the information that I like spread while others are drinking beer, that is, that it was during the Protestant Reformation when the Protestant's intolerance of Catholic indulgences led to the ban on all herbal and psychotropic beers in favor of the more sobering and sex-drive-inhibiting hop beer. Thus, a long tradition of herbal beer making was lost but this book approximates some of the old recipes for those of us who want to try.

[Julene · Rating 5 out of 5]

Love this book, beer used to be made from many different plants and used medicinally. Here is the history of beer way back to traditional cultures and recipes. I read it and then gave it away to a friend because I have no intention of making beers, but I miss the book because it is so wise.

[Jonny Henningson · Rating 4 out of 5]

Inspiring! Amazing! Totally cool stories and information, the recipes aren't very good (at least to my modern white-boy pallet, and I have admittedly only made a few of them.) still a very fun and informative read.

[Susan Albert · Rating 5 out of 5]

So much herb lore packed into this reference book! Not a how-to manual (although there's some of that), but a collection of poetry, shamanic wisdom, and cultural understandings of plants that humans have used to alter consciousness. Belongs in the library of every serious herbalist.

[Lumen Natura · Rating 5 out of 5]

This book has extensive and hard to find information on a lot of herbs. It also gives a lot of alternative fermentation methods. Really informative and well researched book.

[Theresa · Rating 5 out of 5]

This book is a masterpiece! What a fascinating read! Even if you're never going to brew yourself, this book is a page turner. Goes nicely with a frosty micro or home brew as well.

[Christopher Murtagh · Rating 5 out of 5]

I knew about this book for some years, but was put off by the name and the vibe. The whole these crystals will harmonise your energies, the whole earth has a soul and we are it's fungal growth, let's try to be it's penicillin, but a natural one, gifted to us by the plants, kneel in the soil, hear the whispers of the blades of grass spared the mowers scythe, and they will sing the way.

But but but... I was looking for unusual beer ingredients and I have already homebrewers garden and radical brewing which are great, and I have downloaded a botanical encyclopedia of beer ingredients that was a complete waste of time. I don't know if there are any other books to complete my collection on oddball brewing ingredients, the dogfishhead Sam one looks like a lousy cash in.

Anyway, this book is written from a few different perspectives. It's ingredients. It's old recipes using the weird ingredients. Some myths and legends and history about archaic or indigenous beers. Some chemistry and biology about the active chemicals and whatnot in the ingredients. Some humorous/ interesting historical quotes. And yes some lectures about the political correct negative slant thrown on intoxicating liquids, and the modern worlds isolation and amplification of active ingredients out of balance from their natural state. If that's for you. This is the book.

[Osku · Rating 2 out of 5]

A book for those interested in herbs and/or brewing. It might actually work better as a reference for herbs and related brewing recipes. The book goes through a ton of different herbs (and honey) and has one or more beer recipes for each. Reading it from start to finish (like I did) was a bit tedious at times as the instructions related to more or less all recipes are almost identical.
Many recipes are taken from texts several hundred years old. The language/terms for those can feel a bit alien (and funny) at times as the English language was a bit different in the 1600s.
The beginning of the book was written as if consuming honey would make one live practically forever. There was also a list of Brits who supposedly reached the ripe age of 130-152 years based on dates on old tombstones. This left a bit sour flavor in my mouth and had me wondering for the rest of the book how much of the text is severely exaggerated. The category of the book is marked as Health/Spirituality so I guess one should not expect the most rigorous fact checking and thorough scientific investigation.

[Paul Klammer · Rating 3 out of 5]

I read this in tap houses and cideries while traveling 2 weeks in Oregon and Washington. I had so many people tell me they had read it and liked other books by Stephen Buhner as well. As a homebrewer for over 10 years now, I found much value in the introduction this provided to ingredients that I otherwise would not have considered using. The cultural historical context for each ingredient was fun to read and helped establish a concept of having different frame of thinking about meaning of ingredients and my personal relationship to them. Finally, there were several quotes stunned me which were perfectly chosen to relate to the spirit of the books including by Nietzche, Vlaclev Havel, and others as well as poems. Unfortunately, the author focuses on beneficial aspects of ingredients and does not offer flavor or aroma information that would be needed to develop recipes. I suggest that this is a book for seeking inspiration and to confront questions about what brewing is.

[Kate · Rating 1 out of 5]

Highly mystical and in many ways factually incorrect text. Just to give some examples:

Honey as a panaceum for everything? Loads of anecdotal information on people living considerably longer than 120 years.

Beginning of chapter 3: ‘the world is filled with those tiny, invisible plant organisms called yeasts’ and a bit further: ‘a yeast plant itself is also high in protein’.

Everyone who finished high school should be aware that yeasts are fungi.

‘Cyanide is water soluble and, also, is destroyed by heat.’

It possibly can evaporate from a solution while heated up, but I do not believe it to be actually destroyed.

‘Palm sap, when fermented, can attain 10 percent of alcohol, I’d milky-white in colour, and tastes somewhat like a sweet, dry champagne.’

What is a sweet, dry champagne? Champagne can be either sweet or dry, not both.

[Neil O'Rourke · Rating 4 out of 5]

The author appears to enjoy mead in its most historical context. In reading this tome I find myself curious to try fermenting some of my own.

What I truly came for is found in Chapter Seven. The details of yarrow, myrica Gale, wild rosemary, wormwood, sage, broom, henbane, and later of mugwort are informative. Cautionary tales of some other herbs in the same chapter will steer me clear.

Chapter Eight, on trees, held a few surprises. Juniper, birch, maple, and spruce were expected. Oak, pine, and fir less so. I may have to explore using woods in the brew.

I recommend the read if you want to read from an historical and semi anthropological perspective. I would not recommend the recipes as written. Use only the ratios of herb to final ale as a guide.

[Alex Williams · Rating 5 out of 5]

It took me months to finish this because it's massive. It could be several books.
It could be a book on the history of fermentation processes and one on the mythology of fermentation. One on bees and honey. One on the medicinal properties of herbs, one of poetry about medicinal herbs and a massive brewers recipe book. But I'm glad it's all together because together it captures the radical humaness if fermentation and what was robbed from us by capitalism, with out saying anything like that at all.
It's an impressive feat of research, and I look forward refering to it while I brew my medicinal sodas.

[Beth Sullivan · Rating 5 out of 5]

Quirky and very informative. As the author says in the author’s note, “I have structured this book, perhaps, in an odd manner. Information on how to make beers is in here, but this is not a simple manual. Probably the closest thing to a step-by-step instruction to making beer is contained in appendix one. This book is primarily intended to share the poetry and beauty of ancient fermentation and only secondarily to share recipes, some more than 2,000 years old, for making ancient sacred and healing beers.”

Quirky. Poems. History. Lots of recipes and ideas. Sort of the Bible for a brewer of gruits. And the poems and illustrations make the book particularly interesting and fun.

[Faith · Rating 5 out of 5]

This book is amazing for anyone interested in herbal medicine or traditional fermentation practices. It provides a wonderful balance of folklore, history, anthropology, and practical techniques. In particular Buhner makes the seemingly frighteningly exact process of home brewing far more accessible for those of us mortals who can be frightened off by the incredibly technical nature of many fermentation guides. I would give this book six stars if I could.

[Bobarian · Rating 3 out of 5]

Contains interesting historical information about fermentation and beer. There was lots of research done and many individual cultures were talked about in depth. Around 25% of the book is about recipes for making these types of beers but nearly all of them are useless. You need very specific and hard to find ingredients or you need particular instruments. It's interesting nonetheless if you like history, natural living, or just beer, it's worth a browse.

[Justin · Rating 5 out of 5]

Definitely a labor of love here. There is a lot more history/background than I cared for but someone who is more interested in beer would love this. I was personally hoping for a more high level coverage that I could use to make these beers in a low to no alcohol fashion. I might try to make some vinegars at some point using a recipe here, but it'll probably be a while.

[Robert Edwards · Rating 5 out of 5]

A very comprehensive book including a section on psychoactive beers which was actually the reason I bought it. I brewed a few beers from this book. This book actually taught me that hops was added to beer in the 16th century by the church to suppress sexual appetite.
Good for any home brewer or anyone interested in history.

[Elizabeth · Rating 4 out of 5]

This book is full of historical information about the topic, but it lacks equal knowledge of modern brewing techniques. The vast majority of the recipes must be modified by the modern brewer both for optimum fermentation and for modern taste buds.

[Rocky · Rating 5 out of 5]

I don’t recommend this for someone who has never home-brewed before. It’s an extensive collection of recipes but most are from historic accounts. It’s not a how-to, but an amazing collection to explore once you have some experience. Ideas and some global historical context. So glad I picked it up!