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谈修养 (国民阅读经典)

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《谈修养》正着眼于其关于人生诸般极精微又极精明的见解。作者以其心理学的专长和思想文化的观察,把握个人心性与社群国族之间的互动,一一道破种种心性的困惑和社会蔽障,引导人生趋往康庄与丰盈。作者学贯中西,视越古今,从散淡出精切,以随意显从容,境界愈宽,识力愈正。披览此卷,常感心灵光影;先哲洞见,历久弥新,无妨与世事人心相互参证。

191 pages, Kindle Edition

First published May 1, 1943

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朱光潜

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Profile Image for Brit Cheung.
51 reviews146 followers
May 11, 2016
It's been a while since my attempt to write anything in Chinese. It's a book primarily on aesthetics which savors of a bit philosophy,some persuasion for young people and some guidance for life . The book could be translated something like On self-cultivation. It's also a collection of letters written for the young to share the author's perspectives on reading, aspiration,resilience, composure,value formation,fitness ,love affairs and other predicaments may baffle the young. I transcribed some notes from the book that I thought could serve for my purpose. It is a perpetual pain that I cannot be a translator to express and distinguish exactly the nuances between a source language and a target language. And this confusion compels me to apply for English as a second major this term . And I hope one day I could freely translate what I what to translate. I an sorry I have to write this maily in Chinese without full translation because of my incompetence.

1, 作者之人格
我大体上欢喜沉静,沉着,稳重,刚毅,以出世精神做入世之事。尊重理性和意志,却不妄自菲薄情感和想象。我的思想就抱着这个中心旋转,我不另找玄学或者形而上学的基础。我信赖我四十多年来的积蓄,不向主义铸造者举债。

2 人不可以放弃最应该珍视的清醒和理性,否则便是降落到动物一般任人饲养和宰割,世间竟有这般痛苦的事情。目前只有一件大事,觉悟---彻底的觉悟。
(A human being can never forsake his soberness and reasons,or he will descend to plights like animals to be fed and slaughtered under other people's willingness and mercy. Nothing could be more painful that this. The only paramount thing that should occur to you is consciousness---absolute self-consciousness. )

3.没有认清方法和步骤而想达到那个目的,那是痴想而不是立志,理想必定是可以实现的理想。人生幸福起于愿望与能力的平衡。一个人应该在幼年是就学会在自己能力范围以内起愿望,想做自己能做的事情。也能做自己能做的事情。许多烦闷,许多的失败,都起于想做自己做不能做的事情,或者是不能做自己所想做的事情。
(happiness rises from the balance between the aspiration and the capability to achieve it. So many miseries and distress derive from the aspiration to do what our abilities not allow us to do or from our inability to do what we want to. )

4,志在将来是一个最大的迷梦。所谓真正的立志,不仅要接受现在的事实,而且要抓住现在的机会。如果要做一件事,那件事的成功尽管实在遥远的未来,而那件事的发动必须就在目前这一顷刻。想到应该做,马上去做,不然就不必发一个空头愿望。发空头愿望成了一个习惯,一个人就永远在幻想中生活,成就不了任何事。


5 我的信条叫做三此主义。此身,此时,此地。此身应该做而且能够做的事,就得由此身担当起,不推诿给别人。
此时应该做而且能够做的事,就得在此时做,不拖延到未来。就在此地做,不推诿到想象的另一个地位去做。这是一个极现实的主义,老实人做本分事,脚踏实地。青年人应该实事求是,接受当前事实而谋对策。不假想在另一环境中自己如何可以显大本领,也不把自己现在不能显本领的过失推诿到现实环境。 豪杰之士虽无文王犹兴。知耻近乎勇。

6 对自己负责任,是一切向上心的出发点。
(Being responsible for one's own life is the starting point of all the inspirations and aspirations )
7 鸟兽不可与同群,吾非斯人之徒而谁与,天下有道,丘不与易。

8 吃苦本是好事,亏损虚弱却不是好事。心理的毛病往往起于生理的毛病,生理的损耗必酿成心理的损耗,这问题有关于民族的生命力,凡是有远见的教育家,政治家,都不应忽视。

9 在立身出世的任何方面,贪懒取巧都不会有大成就,要有大的成就,必定要朝抵抗力最大的路径走。
(Great undertakings cannot be achieved on a beaten track but on the track with the utmost resistance)

10 恨芳菲世界,游人未赏,都付与莺和燕。

11 做学问如作战,需攻坚错锐,占住要塞,不可目标过多。读书并不在多,最重要的是选的精,读的彻底。与其读十部无关轻重之书,不如以十倍时间精力取一部重要的书精读十遍。少读而彻底,必能养成深思熟虑之习惯。
涵泳优游,以至于变化气质。多读而不求甚解,则如驰骋十里洋场,虽珍奇满目,徒惹心花缭乱,空手而归。
读书不仅是追求兴趣,也是一种训练和准备。(Reading thoroughly instead of comprehensively will form a a deliberate mind )

12 人生的快乐有一大半要建立在人与人的关系上面,只要人与人关系调节的好,生活大概是快乐的 。
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