No book is more challenging to read than one that promises so much and delivers so little. It makes you question those who loved it and your own interpretations and reactions. BREADCRUMBS is one such book. In four and a half years of nightly family read-alouds, this is the only book we (two adults, one 8-year-old boy) ever considered not finishing; the only one with so little enjoyment that we felt it wasn't worth our time. We did stick it out, but it was a frustrating and unrewarding struggle.
BREADCRUMBS, written by Anne Ursu, tells the story of Hazel Anderson, a Minneapolis fifth-grader who is concerned that her best friend, Jack, has been magically altered or injured so that his personality is completely changed. When Jack appears to go missing, she treks into the woods to find him and bring him home. The first half of the book deals with Hazel's school and home experiences and her worry over Jack; the second half details her experiences in the woods by way of small vignettes with a variety of characters from Hans Christian Andersen's tales. Ms. Ursu references (and lifts from) numerous classic fantasy works throughout, from NARNIA to THE GOLDEN COMPASS to CORALINE to THE HOBBIT, and attempts to weave a magical vein throughout the story until Hazel's final confrontation with Jack.
Unfortunately, the promise of that outline goes unfulfilled, largely due to the deep unlikability of the main character. My son at first thought that Hazel just didn't seem very "alive"; by the end he was bored by her self-centeredness. My partner thought that the author couldn't possibly be creating such a self-involved character without going on to prove that she was so, and thereby having her grow and reflect on her past actions. I harbored no such illusions: I felt from the beginning that Hazel was selfish, self-absorbed, self-pitying, and ignorant of any other perspective than her own. Sadly, she remained that way nearly through the end of the story: it took until page 250 of a 312-page book for Hazel to commit her first selfless act, and she is by no means "cured" of her selfishness from that point on. Frankly, it was far too little, far too late; there was no recovering at that point as we slogged through to the end.
What went wrong? On the surface, Hazel has the trappings of a great main character. She is bright, creative, imaginative, and caring. She has a sympathetic outsider perspective because of her heritage: she was adopted as an infant from India by her White parents, who are now divorced. A few months before BREADCRUMBS starts she is transplanted from a wealthy private school to a public one, and continues to struggle with bullying and fitting in. All of this makes Hazel sound like a prime character to embark on a quest and discover herself.
This does not happen, and the fault is in the writing. We never actually see Hazel being bright or creative or imaginative; we are only told that she was considered so at her last school. We do get a glimpse of imagination when she participates in story invention with her acquaintance Adelaide, but she is no more creative than Adelaide is. Her friend Jack is actually the one with the most imagination; he draws comics and makes up games that Hazel greedily devours, but does not contribute to herself. Hazel's difficulty with being Indian in a primarily White school is illustrated once in a flashback in which Hazel describes seeing another girl of color at a school gathering and attempting half-heartedly to connect with her. But the scene suffers from the same self-absorbtion as the rest of the story: a similar encounter was described much more poignantly (and succinctly) in Bette Bao Lord's IN THE YEAR OF THE BOAR AND JACKIE ROBINSON.
As far as Hazel's supposed capacity for caring, this is grossly misrepresented. Hazel does not care for Jack so much as she is obsessed with him. She is consumed with possessing his attention and time, and only grudgingly "allows" him to spend time with any other friends. She makes no effort to try to get along with those friends, and only waits, sullenly, until Jack is ready to be "hers" again. She has no pastimes or interests or activities outside of what Jack brings her; despite her constant literary references I don't believe we ever actually see Hazel enjoying a book. She reads, but it is only to kill time. At one point Hazel states that "nothing really happened to her unless she told Jack about it", and this is entirely true. There is nothing in herself that makes herself Hazel; that makes her real and alive and sympathetic.
And yet the author never acknowledges this in any way. For someone clearly familiar with children's literature, Ms. Ursu would have done well to utilize the key element of underdog charm: the promotion of self without the condemnation of others. For instance, THE GOLDEN COMPASS' Lyra, another girl on a quest to save a friend, finds strength in herself without putting down those around her. Diana Wynne Jones' Christopher Chant (THE CHRONICLES OF CHRESTOMANCI), who actually IS the center of his universe(s) and comes from a family more isolated and troubled than Hazel's, looks back on his self-centeredness and realizes his mistakes. He revisits past encounters, feels remorse and shame, and uses his new knowledge to move forward. Cynthia Voigt's Dicey, Mina, and Jeff (THE TILLERMAN CYCLE) are separated from their peers by combinations of class, race, personality, and history, yet suffer and work through their differences while letting those around them just be. Even Louise Fitzhugh's Harriet Welsch (HARRIET THE SPY, THE LONG SECRET), prickly and critical throughout, learns to see life more clearly by watching how others experience it. All of these flawed characters are wonderful because their imperfections mold their personalities as they learn to grow and accept them. Most importantly, they learn how to see through eyes other than their own.
These authors clearly loved their characters. Yet they did not let that love blind them to their many faults. In contrast, I strongly felt that Ms. Ursu was insufferably smug in her approval of Hazel's actions. All in the guise of "being an outsider," Hazel judges everyone around her (teachers, family, kids, former friends) and dismisses help when it is offered. In turn, she does absolutely nothing to help herself: she never draws on her "creativity" or "imagination" to create a world or to define herself. Everyone and everything is genuinely presented either to be against her or for her use. In the forest she comes across three women who don't give Hazel what she wants, and she responds with "They were supposed to help her. Why were they there, if not to help her?" Ms. Ursu displays no irony or awareness when writing these sentiments; she clearly feels that Hazel is indeed being dealt an unfair blow. At school, Hazel is bullied. But in her own way, she bullies back by continually stating, mostly to herself and at times to others, how the ignorant kids aren't up to her level, how the teachers are cruel idiots, and how she can't ever get what she wants in life due to other people's failure to correctly set up the world. Here is where the writing is at its worst: it creaks and clunks across the page, managing to be desperately overwrought and still empty of any real feeling. Over and over again for the entire first half of the story we are treated to lengthy, heavy-handed descriptions of Hazel's isolation and suffering; isolation she has, in part, created for herself by her snobbery, and suffering that is no less self-inflicted by her melodramatic self-absorption. Jack's act of "meanness" is hardly so, but Hazel never stops to think that maybe he had a bad day? Maybe he wants to do something else for an afternoon? Maybe he's socially awkward around different friends? Or maybe he genuinely doesn't like her anymore? All of which are possible...but not to Hazel, for whom a moment of mild rejection is the end of her myopic world, signifying insidious, malevolent magics at work. The fact that she was right and they WERE at work only supports Ms. Ursu's position that Hazel is correct in what she does, that she sees more clearly than others, that she is better than they are. If you step back and see what actually happens with an impartial eye, such a claim is not only ludicrous, it is offensive.
The damage is done early and often, but the second half of the book is no more enjoyable to read. The two halves of the story have little to do with each other stylistically, save the overblown writing. Over the last 75 pages, less time is spent bemoaning Hazel's state (although we are by no means reprieved of this), which would sound promising if the story weren't so deeply mired in dullness: the fairy-tale vignettes barely connect to each other save by a menacing-nature theme which goes nowhere. And as I stated earlier, any redeeming quality (we as a family could count them on one hand and have fingers left over) was too little, too late. It would have taken a huge act of skill to make Hazel likable and make her journey worth reading. BREADCRUMBS was not capable of this act.
This is a lengthy review, I know. But I wrote it because so many people apparently loved this story; I wrote it to explain my (our) deep disagreement with its entire approach, not to dismiss it out of hand as if I hadn't read and measured it thoughtfully. For some reason, we all were so excited to read it: the artwork is lovely and the jacket descriptions and quotes enticing. But it in no way delivered what we thought we'd get out of it. My son hoped for a quest to spirits, creatures, and nature. My partner hoped for symbolism and a link to myths and tales past. I hoped for something otherworldly, a gem of a story to add to the pantheon. We all hoped for magic. We were all sorely disappointed.