(I would like to acknowledge that Alexis Wright is a member of the Waanyi nation, and that I do not know the story of her country or any other in Australia. I have attempted not to presume too much by reading one novel.)
This is an astonishing novel — a book that I would recommend more highly than I currently rate it, because I don't think it's finished with me yet. This is one of those books that teach you how to read them, and I am a slow learner. So, between passages of brilliant, beautiful writing, I found myself bored. Sometimes even while reading Wright's more wonderful pieces of prose, I found myself bored. But my dissatisfaction with the novel soon turned into dissatisfaction with myself. Why was I bored? My earliest answer was that I was waiting for the 'real story' to begin, but as I progressed deep into the novel, as the characters passed over every chance of having a 'real story', I realised that this wasn't what was unsettling me.
The Swan Book is the story of Oblivion Ethyl(ene). That overdetermined name is the first imposition on her that we learn of. She doesn't like it, but she doesn't know of any other name. How can this be her story if she doesn't even know her name? In fact, though the narrative stays with her throughout, this isn't her story. It can't be. There is no 'her': she has no agency, and, more importantly, (don't be distracted by the Prelude) no subjectivity. This is what made the novel elusive and difficult for me. I kept waiting for her character to resolve, but there is none there. Instead she is inhabited by others, in particular Bella Donna, the Harbour Master, Warren Finch, and the community that allowed her to be raped when she was a child. The story of Oblivia is a complex one, elusive, which will, I think, require careful contemplation.
Certainly, we are being shown how people are not just their own heroically independent wills. In addition to all the human voices, we also hear from spirits, myths, and the land itself. Polyphony and intermixture are important themes in this novel. Peoples and stories and language and environments are all juxtaposed and made hybrid. Through both its Aboriginal realism and its science fictionality, the novel gets a perspective on how changing lands and changing peoples need not undermine the fact that the people are part of the land. Along the way, many trenchant observations are made about the invasion of country and the interventions into traditional lives. But not without humour!
Wright captures the rhythms and ironies of Australian speech better than anyone I've read. That this is not one speech, but many different idioms, and not pure, is one of the keys to her success here. Even more impressive than this linguistic act is how she seamlessly uses this voice to create a modernist narrative. Too often, European modernist techniques seem inhospitable to kangaroos and Canberra and bush cheek. This is a book that, like its characters, has lived all over, but still knows its country.
While I continue to wrestle with Oblivia's story, I will remember many others contained within: the three genies, the street kids, the people smugglers. There's a lot to get from this book; flicking it open to any page reveals riches. Expect to see it on award lists next year.