I had not read any Lencioni before this; that might have to change. From what I understand, several of his other books use narrative stories to convey leadership points; this book sought to bring together many of those lessons together with the key focus: that organizational health is the most important thing for a leader to focus on and for an organization to succeed. On why he wrote the book on organizational health: "it has never been presented as a simple, integrated, and practical discipline."
Highly recommend this book to anyone who is in a leadership role within an organization (large or small). Going forward, I think it important to ensure an intentional approach to "organizational health" first and foremost. I know I've got a lot to learn and grow and this books is helping me think and better go about that developmental process.
"An organization has integrity - is healthy - when it is whole, consistent, and complete, that is, when management, operations, strategy, and culture fit together and make sense....A good way to recognize health is to look for signs that indicate an organization has it. These include minimal politics and confusion, high degrees of morale and productivity, and very low turnover among good employees."
"The vast majority of organizations today have more than enough intelligence, expertise, and knowledge to be successful. What they lack is organizational health."
He organizes the book around 4 disciplines:
1) Build a cohesive leadership team
2) Create clarity (answering and committing to answers on 6 questions)
3) Overcommunicate clarity
4) Reinforce clarity
"...When organization's leaders are cohesive, when they are unambiguously aligned around a common set of answers to a few critical questions, when they communicate those answers again and again, and when they put effective processes in place to reinforce those answers, they create an environment in which success is almost impossible to prevent. Really."
Building a Cohesive Leadership Team, 5 behavioral principles to embrace:
1) Building trust: vulnerability-based trust; a willingness of people to abandon pride and fear, to sacrifice ego for the collective good of the team; avoid fundamental attribution errors; seek to understand more than be understood; leaders go first - if a team leader is reluctant to acknowledge his or her mistake or fails to admit a weakness that is evident to everyone else, there is littlehope that other members of the team are going to do so.
2) Mastering Conflict: when there is trust, conflict becomes nothing but the pursuit of truth, an attempt to find the best possible answer; one of best ways for leader to raise the level of health conflict is to go mining for confuct during meanings, giving positive feedback in real-time for pushing into uncomfortable areas,
3) Achieving Commitment: give everyone a chance to provide input, ask questions and understand rationale but don't misinterpret this as a need for complete consensus. Most people are reasonable and can rally behind an idea that wasn't their own as long as they know they've had a chance to weigh in. Leave meetings with clear-cut, active, and specific agreements around decisions.
4) Embracing Accountability: Peer to peer accountability is the primary and most effective source of accountability on leadership teams (i.e. accountability does not come just from the leader). To hold someone accountable is to care about them enough to risk having them blame you for pointing out their deficiencies. Dont justify not giving hard feedback to your employee, an honest assessment shows its a selfish act so you dont feel bad, not so they dont feel bad. There is nothing noble about withholding information that can help an employee improve.
5) Focusing on Results: No matter how good a leadership team feels about itself or noble its mission, if the organization does not achieve its goals then its not a good team. Everyone has to row in the same direction, one team. There is no "your side of the boat is sinking." Teams that lead healthy organizations come to terms with the difficult but critical requirement that its members must put the needs of the higher team ahead of the needs of their department.
To Create Clarity as a team, focus on having honest answers about 6 questions. Even subtle misalignment/confusion at the top and gaps between executives causes significant damage. ALignment and clarity are not achieved instantly with a series of buzzwords: "it requires a much more rigorous and unpretentious approach."
1) Why do we exist? (has to be real, has to be important/inspirational)
2) How do we behave? (if you tolerate everything, you stand for nothing; what are core vs. aspirational values)
3) What do we do? (one sentence practical description)
4) How will we succeed (intentional decisions made to bring about success, walk away from some opportunities that arent strategically aligned with you)
5) What is most important, right now? (have one top priority for a given period of time; this avoids being pulled in different directions or being in silos; start with thematic goal - the one thing you really want to have accomplished int he next 6 months. Then create defining objectives that are necessary to bring about that end state.
6) Who must do what? (be clear about roles and lines of responsibility
Overcommunicate Clarity:
"Great leaders seem themselves as Chief Reminding Officers as much as anything else." Its more than repetition; the message/communication has to come through multiple sources and channels; most important is still word of mouth throughout the organization. Messaging must be consistent and timely. Team leads shold leave meetings with clear/specific agreements on what to communicate to employees; and employees should be able to articulate he organization's reason for existence, values, strategic anchors, and goals.
Reinforce Clarity:
Structures and procedures must reinforce answers to the 6 questions. Does not require complicated systems; "an organization has to institutionalize its culture without bureaucratizing it." Have just enough structure in place with hiring/interviewing to ensure a measure of consistency with and adherence to core values.
"Many leaders convince themselves that employees are motivated primarily by money. As a result, they discount the impact of authentic and specific expressions of appreciation."
"Keeping a relatively strong performer who is not a cultural fit sends a loud and clear message to employees that the organization isnt all that serious about what it says it believes."
"Leaders have to ensure they are having the right kinds of meetings, and they must make those meetings effective...[then] they can look forward to their meetings....they get real work done in those meetings which makes their lies, and the lives of their employees, better as a result."