During the time when we remain childless, paid and volunteer work, responsibilities, and leisure interests “fill the gap” to the extent that there is no discernable void.
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there are those who look at this menu of choices and lose their appetite. They leave the table hungry for more satisfying fare, or they come to the realization that they were not craving parenthood in the first place. For many women, this menu might be like a chalkboard, changing daily.
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Again, this is the problem we encounter when we look at the childfree life simply as a choice, rather than a process. It’s both, really. It’s a series of choices, or decisions made over a timeline in which life experiences, observations, and people act as influencers.
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Lodged in our cultural permafrost are the carcasses of three ancient mammoths: (1) the expectation that we will all become parents one day, and it will be a rewarding experience; (2) the idea that parenthood is a critical stage in human development and maturity; and (3) the belief that all couples should be encouraged to parent, regardless of their ability or desire.
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Many people intend to have children, but somewhere along the way their desire is thwarted or they change their mind. They may find themselves without a partner when the time is right. They may encounter circumstances beyond their control that make parenthood problematic, if not impossible. Or they may postpone parenthood and eventually conclude, “Our life is good just the way it is.”
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When you begin to challenge the assumptions around parenthood, when you begin to see some value in remaining childless indefinitely—a fate some of your peers can’t even begin to imagine—you find yourself on new ground. Parenthood becomes an option, not something that is fated, inevitable, imperative, or integral to your well-being. You are free to exercise choice.
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some admitted they would be terrible parents; they had spent time imagining themselves as parents or imagining how a child might feel being raised by people like them, and decided they did not want to be a party to that outcome. Others felt, after a period of self-analysis, that the only way to be true to themselves was to question the societal assumption that they would be parents, based on their sense that they lacked the necessary inclination, desire, or instinct that would have made child rearing a natural expression of who they are.
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When parenthood moves from being an assumption to a decision, people are able to experience the liberty—and consequences—of their own choice in the matter rather than settling on the notion that parenthood is a given.
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These couples valued the process of examining, on a case-by-case basis, the decision to parent; they looked deep into their own hopes and expectations, assessing their desire, skills, and suitability as parents.
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Most people living in North America are, or will become, parents. The decision not to have children remains the exception. Even today, when marriage is increasingly optional, the idea that kids are optional, too, has yet to be entertained by the majority. It exists only for those who can imagine a life without children and think it appealing, a choice that exists only outside of the presumption of parenthood.
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Many of my participants were self-described introverts. They used this term as a way to explain their aversion to the noise and hubbub that typically come with young children, or as a way to explain their preference for “quiet” or “peaceful” households that afforded them some “alone time.”
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Quite a few of the people I interviewed admitted to being “planners.” They preferred to carefully plan a trip rather than wing it, though these same people valued spontaneity in their day-to-day lives.
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He deduced that the childfree are typically inclined to consider the consequences of their actions.
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I also noted that my participants tended to approach their decision about whether to have kids very deliberately—logically, rather than emotionally. They did not want to leave it up to fate or whim. I heard the words “accountable,” “intentional,” and “conscious” used to describe the process.
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More than a few of my participants would be described as high achievers and were reluctant to commit to something as huge as parenthood without having at least some confidence in a successful outcome.
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Safer wrote that the childless by choice “reject parenthood, in part, because they lack the requisite ‘burning desire’ they bring to other major life enterprises. Many see themselves as perfectionists who could never live up to the impossibly high standards they would impose on themselves. They also don’t want to risk imposing their unrealistic expectations and exacting standards on a child.”
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marital satisfaction is greatest before the kids arrive and starts to decline sharply after the birth of the first child, reaching a low point when the kids are in their teens; it doesn’t rise again until the kids are grown up and have left home.
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found that the childless women experienced greater marital adjustment and satisfaction, which the respondents attributed to more shared activities and conversations with spouses.
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She asserted that our current “Supermom and Superdad” model for raising children—in which children’s demands repeatedly trump parents’ needs as a couple—is crazy-making, and that the only way to avoid that pattern is to nurture the parental relationship until it is solid enough to handle children’s assault, and then set strict boundaries.3
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If my friends who eagerly anticipated parenthood can’t successfully navigate the journey from couplehood to parenthood, then what are my chances, especially given that I am less motivated to pursue parenthood as a goal?
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My independence and my ability to be flexible in my life are too precious to me. Perhaps if I had a desire to have children, I would be willing to compromise my idea of freedom and independence.” For Nancy, though, that desire wasn’t there.
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“a solid understanding of the responsibilities of parenthood. They understand that children will reallocate their time, affect their career ambitions, their finances, their privacy, and their social activities, and they do not want these changes taking place.”
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Jodi, who had helped raise her younger sibling, valued her newfound freedom. “Basically, it comes down to being able to do just about anything we want without having to consider the needs of anyone else. As care providers when we were younger, neither my husband nor I got to experience this until recently.”
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Most of us are influenced by the experiences of friends and family members, whether we like it or not. In our attempts to empathize with parents, we sometimes project our own reactions onto their experiences. My respondents who were aware of having done this often found that it helped them come to the conclusion that they would not enjoy being a parent. Choosing to remain childless was a way to protect themselves from what they imagined to be a future of stress, anguish, or powerlessness.
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“American society is an inhospitable climate for raising children, where parents can never let down their guard in the face of popular culture, drugs and crime. In fact, nearly half the parents we surveyed said they worry more about protecting their child from negative social influences than about paying the bills or having enough family time together. Six in ten rate their generation ‘fair’ or ‘poor’ in raising children.”
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the majority of the women preferred to be around older children or teenagers rather than toddlers and infants, a finding that prompted him to remark, “The belief that all women are automatically enamored with babies is unsubstantiated.”
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they explain that their choice to remain childless was influenced by their partner’s choice, they say that if they’d really felt a strong urge to have kids, they wouldn’t have chosen to stay in the relationship.
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I value a strong and enduring relationship with a life partner more than I do the prospect of parenthood, but I can certainly empathize with those who desire a child above all else, because I can’t imagine how Robert and I would manage if one of us were to change our mind.
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I also noted this pattern, particularly in the case of early articulators: Not only did these individuals choose a life without kids, but they also consciously chose spouses they thought they could enjoy as intimate lifetime partners—in a family of two. As Laura said about Dan, “We don’t just love each other—I also really, really like him.” Is the bar of compatibility, or affinity, set higher because these couples know there will be no distractions in the form of children, no reason to stay together if they become unhappy?
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What I do know from my interviews with childless by choice couples is that these partnerships are valid and filled with enough friendship, love, and mutual respect to sustain these couples over many years of marriage. It is also true that, as a nonvisible minority, these couples are fortunate to have found each other, and to have remained in agreement about what is likely one of the most important decisions of their lives.
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One of my participants, Kathryn, said, “I think that thinking it through and deciding not to bring a child into this world—knowing the type of person you are—is one of the most unselfish acts you can do.”
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What I have come to understand after many years of studying the childless by choice is that the decision to remain childless is typically not a rejection of children so much as it is a rejection of cultural norms, assumptions, and ideals that support parenthood as the normative life course over all other options.
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The assumption that the only path to responsible adulthood is parenthood is another tired remnant of a pronatalist culture that clearly does not hold a stitch.
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I did a bit of investigating and, sure enough, I found that adult children represent only 37 percent of elder-care providers in the United States.
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The suggestion that not a lot of thought goes into the decision to remain childless ranks right up there with selfishness as a common but unfounded assessment of childfree motives and processes.
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the acronym DINK—double income, no kids. This term is used to describe a relatively affluent, childless demographic, but more often is used, like “yuppie,” to describe a lifestyle associated with conspicuous consumption and materialism.
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So what do the childfree spend their extra dollars on—that is, those who actually have something left after paying the bills? Based entirely on my observation, it’s travel, hobbies, housing, relatives, pets, and charitable donations.
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Why do we, the childfree, need solace and strength? Because we are standing up to assumptions, beliefs, and ideals long held by the majority, which includes our family, friends, and neighbors. The choice we make to remain childless flies in the face of everything mainstream culture claims to value. We are rocking the boat, and I suspect this is why the backlash against the childless by choice sometimes seems disproportionate to our actual impact.
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By questioning “the notion that parenthood is a good thing,” the childless by choice create what he called a “clash of values.” Worst-case motives are ascribed to the childfree because “people don’t know the details, and at some level they don’t want to know the details,” of why people might choose childlessness, because “it’s a fundamental challenge to the way most people see the world.”
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The intentionally childless experience a plethora of reactions, including curiosity, suspicion, wrongful assumptions, defensiveness, avoidance, discomfort, rejection, marginalization, discri