RICHARD HARRIS BARHAM (1788-1845) l
By Arthur Symons
The Rev. Richard Harris Barham was a great creator of nonsense, and he had a prodigious faculty for versifying. He wrote entirely for his own amusement; or, as a friend said of him: 'The same relaxation which some men seek in music, pictures, cards, or newspapers, he sought in verse.' Most of his rhymes were written down at odd moments, often after midnight, and with a facility, his son tells us,' which not only surprised himself, but which he actually viewed with distrust ; and he would not unfrequently lay down his pen, from an apprehension that what was so fluent must of necessity be feeble.' In all this helter-skelter of ' mirth and marvels,' begun for Bentley's 'Miscellany' in 1837, when he was nearly fifty years of age, there is nothing feeble in all the fluency. No verse that has been written in English goes so fast or turns so many somersaults on the way. He said once, of a poem which he did not care for,' that the only chance to make it effective was to strike out something newish in the stanza, to make people stare.' If that was ever his aim, he attained it, and not in his rhymes only. The rhymes are marvellous, and if they are not the strictest, have the most spontaneous sound of any in English. The clatter of ' atmosphere' and ' that must fear,'
the gabble of —'And so like a dragon he Looked in his agony,' with even the more elaborately manufactured twisting domestic and foreign necks all over Christendom,'
have so easy a jingle as they go galloping over the page, that we are hardly conscious how artificial they really are. With the rhymes go rhythms, so bold, swift, and irreverent, and with pauses so alarming that one is never able, if one has read them as a child, to get out of one's head the solemn thrill of —'Open lock To the Deadman's knock!' or the ghastly gaiety in the sound of
' Hairy-faced Dick at once lets fly, And knocks off the head of young Hamilton Tighe.'
Under all the extravagance, like a light through a lantern, there is meaning, let wildly loose, but with something macabre, grim, ghastly, above all haunted, in it. Barham's material came to him partly out of old books, which he read to catch from them a harsh Protestant laughter against Catholics; but for the better part from legends which he found in his own neighbourhood. A scholar revels throughout these unclerical rhymes, .drawing wicked and harmless imps out of book and bottle as he pores, past midnight, over his black-letter folios and his port. And so we find, in these poems made up of fear, fun, and suspense, a kind of burlesque which is not quite like any other, so jolly is it as it fumbles with death, murder, tortures, and terrors of the mind. Here is burlesque of that excessive kind which foreigners see in the tragic laughing white clown in the arena, with his touch of mortal colour in the cheeks. And it is full of queer ornament, as in this interior of Bluebeard's castle, furnistad as if by Beardsley: —'It boasts not stool, table, or chair,Bloudie Jacke !But one Cabinet, costly and grand, Which has little gold figures Of little gold niggers, With fishing-rods stuck in each hand; It's japanned, And it's placed on a splendid buhl stand.' Was there ever a gayer and ghastlier farce than in this very poem, ' Bloudie Jacke of Shrewsberrie,' which goes to the jingling of bells, in a metre invented as if to fit into an interval between Poe and Browning? To be so successfully vulgar in ' Misadventures at Margate' is to challenge the lesser feats of Hood, and the prose of a narrative like' The Leech of Folkestone ' (part of what the writer called ' prose material to serve as sewing-silk and buckram') is, for all its oddity, almost as chilling to the blood as Sheridan Lefanu's in his book of vampires, 'In a Glass Darkly.' But where Barham is most himself, and wonderful in his way, is in the cascading of cadences rhymed after this fashion: —'There's Setebos, storming because Mephistopheles
Gave Mm the lie, Said he'd " blacken his eye," And dashed in his face a whole cup of hot coffee-lees.' Not Butler nor Byron nor Browning, the three best makers of comic rhyme, has ever shown so supreme an inventiveness in the art.