“Tell people there's an invisible man in the sky who created the universe, and the vast majority will believe you...”
Contradictory to the aged saying that you can’t fool an honest man; honest men are in actuality easy to fool. People don’t in fact understand, a lot of times that they’re victims of a swindle because they believe it so much they want to keep believing.
The newspapers called it ‘The Cottingley fairy hoax of 1917’. But that was after sixty years of the hoax’s persistence. The story of the Cottingley fairies has always fascinated people, not because of the particulars of the case, but because of what it reveals about the life cycle of a lie. In contrast to other famous hoaxes, it doesn’t seem malicious, or even necessarily deliberate. Instead it seems to to be a story about how a single, relatively small act of deception can lead a large group of people to lose control over the truth.
The Fairy Ring, or, Elsie and Frances Fool the World, authored by Mary Losure, speaks of nine-year-old Frances, a real believer in fairies. When she and her cousin Elsie, age 15, create photographs of cutout paper fairies to get their families to stop mocking her, word spreads of this theoretically bona fide photographic verification and speedily twirls wild.
It’s a story set 103 years ago. Two young girls went down to the stream at the bottom of a garden in Cottingley, England, and took some photographs of fairies. The fairies were paper cut-outs, which Elsie Wright, age 16, had hackneyed from a children’s book. She and 10-year-old Frances Griffiths took turns posturing with the sprites.
The girls developed the photographs in Elsie’s father’s darkroom, and presented them to their families as stunning evidence that fairies were real. Elsie’s father didn’t believe them—but her mother did.
Two years later, she showed the photographs at a meeting of the Theosophical Society, a group dedicated to exploring inexplicable phenomena and “forming the nucleus of a universal brotherhood of humanity.”
The photos even find their way into the welcome hands of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle — renowned for his Sherlock Holmes stories — who publishes them in an article as testimony of the reality of fairies.
The author has divided her book into three sections, each consisting seven chapters.
The first section called ‘Frances’s Fairies’, includes:
1 Cottingley, Yorkshire, England
2 The Waterfall
3 Little Men
4 Black Box
5 One Glass Plate
6 Enter the Gnome
7 Frances Says Good-bye to Cottingley
The second section of the book, called ‘Elsie’, has the following chapters:
8 A Letter from London
9 The Fairy Machine
10 Mr. Gardner Receives a Package
11 Mr. Gardner Persists
12 Spider Girl
13 Sincerely Yours, Elsie Wright
14 The Investigation
The concluding section of the book, entitled Frances and Elsie has the following chapters:
15 Frances Comes for a Visit
16 An Epoch-Making Event
17 The Fairy Bower
18 The Glen Was Swarming
19 A Gentle See-through Fade-out
20 Fairy Grandmothers
21 Gorgeous and Precious Fairyland Places
The photographs presented by the girls were appealing in their own right. In the initial photograph, Frances Griffiths gawks somewhere to the right of the camera lens, pointedly not looking at the cardboard figures capering on the grass in front of her. In the second one, Elsie Wright tilts frontward to shake the hand of a tot-sized boy fairy.
Looking at them now, both photographs seem instantly certain as counterfeits. The figures are perceptibly propped-up and two dimensional. Everything, including the expressions on both girls’ faces, looks theatrical. It is tough to imagine the photos seeming persuasive to anyone older than 12.
Curiously enough, the Theosophical Society saw things in a dissimilar way; the members instantaneously and ecstatically accepted the photographs as genuine.
Edward Gardner, a writer and foremost member of the Society, took them as evidence that the “next cycle of evolution was underway” and mounted a movement to encourage the public of their genuineness. He gave lectures on the photographs, made copies of them, and passed them deferentially around at meetings.
Initial press coverage was incredulous; one editorial noted that the photographs could be explained not by “a knowledge of occult phenomena but a knowledge of children.” But throughout World War I, spirituality gained increased weight over an inconsolable British public. The fairy photographs seemed to reverberate with many people who were enthusiastic to believe in the subsistence of a better world, and in the likelihood that we might be able to converse with it.
Willingness to believe in the fairies was not a matter of intelligence or education. None other than Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, a trained physician and the creator of Sherlock Holmes, was dead-set on the whole notion. Doyle, a noted spiritualist, saw the photographs as evidence that communication could exists between material and spiritual worlds.
Doyle published an article about the photographs in The Strand magazine, and sent Gardner to visit the girls.
Imagine being either Frances or Elsie at that moment. You have engaged in an untruth — a story that started out as a joke, maybe, or a daydream. Now things are taking on a momentum that you cannot quite control.
The girls came back with three more pictures: Frances and the Leaping Fairy, Fairy Offering Posy of Harebells to Elsie, and Fairies and their Sun-Bath. These, too, look farcically phony to modern eyes.
But Gardner and Doyle fell for it again. Gardner then brought in a telepath, who claimed that the whole place was just swarming with fairies.
This extraordinary factual story, so competently told by Mary Losure offers a understanding portrait about people evidently in over their heads and feeling unable to disengage a swindle that lingered for 60 years.
Providentially, Losure includes reproductions of famous fairy photos, allowing readers to experience from the horse's mouth what stirred up this passionate thirst for magic in early 20th-century England.